Takaitaccen bayanin mai sarrafa girma shuka
Masu kula da ci gaban shuka (PGRs) su ne mahaɗan sinadarai da aka haɗa ta hanyar wucin gadi waɗanda ke da tasirin ilimin halittar jiki iri ɗaya da sigar sinadarai iri ɗaya kamar ƙwayoyin halittar shuka. Mai kula da ci gaban shuka yana cikin babban nau'in magungunan kashe qwari kuma rukuni ne na magungunan kashe qwari da ke sarrafa girma da bunƙasa shuka, gami da mahadi na roba masu kama da sinadarai na shuka na halitta da sinadarai waɗanda aka fitar kai tsaye daga kwayoyin halitta.
Mai sarrafa ci gaban shuka wani sabon abu ne wanda aka haɗe shi ta hanyar wucin gadi ko al'ada don samun irin tasirin ilimin lissafi da ilimin halitta ga kwayoyin halittar shuka. Domin daidaita tsarin ci gaban amfanin gona yadda ya kamata wajen samar da noma, inganta ingancin amfanin gona, inganta juriya ga amfanin gona, daidaita yawan amfanin gona da karuwar amfanin gona, da dai sauransu.
Wasu tsire-tsire masu kula da haɓakar shuka za su iya samar da su a wasu yanayi, amma kuma ana iya shigar da su cikin tsire-tsire ta hanyar fesa. Mai kula da haɓakar tsire-tsire yana daidaita rarraba kwayoyin halitta, haɓakawa, nama da bambance-bambancen gabobin jiki, furanni da 'ya'yan itace, balagagge da jin daɗi, dormancy da germination, bi da bi ko tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da juna, ta haka yana shafar ci gaban shuka da haɓaka don cimma sakamakon da ake so.
Ana iya raba masu kula da haɓaka tsiro zuwa kashi uku gwargwadon rawar da suke takawa:
Kashi na farko shine masu haɓaka haɓakar shuka.
Yana iya inganta rarraba cell shuka, bambance-bambance da elongation, inganta ci gaban ciyayi gabobin da ci gaban haihuwa gabobin, hana 'ya'yan itace fadowa kashe, inganta shuka rooting da germination, da kuma jawo parthenocarpy. Matsayin tsari yayi kama da na auxins, cytokinins ko gibberellins tsakanin kwayoyin halittar kwayoyin halitta. Masu haɓaka haɓakar tsire-tsire na yau da kullun sun haɗa da indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, α-naphthylacetic acid, 6-BA, 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, da 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
Kashi na biyu shine masu hana ci gaban shuka.
Yana iya hana ci gaban shuka apical meristems da tsire-tsire germination, kawar da fa'idar apical da haɓaka rassan gefe, da kawar da weeds, da sauransu. Yawancin magungunan kashe qwari na herbicides kuma na iya yin aiki azaman masu hana ci gaba idan aka yi amfani da su a ƙananan yawa. Tasirin tsari yayi kama da na abscisic acid a cikin kwayoyin halittar kwayoyin halitta. Masu hana tsire-tsire na yau da kullun sun haɗa da maleic acid hydrazide, glyphosate, plasticine, statin, statin, triiodobenzoic acid, da sauransu.
Kashi na uku shine masu hana tsiro.
Yana iya hana ci gaban shuke-shuke sub-apical meristems da kuma hana elongation na internodes ba tare da hana ci gaban m buds. Yana sanya tsiron ya zama ya fi guntu da kauri, kuma yana ƙara kauri da chlorophyll na ganyen. Tun da yake yakan daidaita haɗin gibberellins a cikin tsire-tsire, ana iya dawo da tasirinsa ta hanyar amfani da gibberellins. Abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban shuka na yau da kullun sun haɗa da: chlormequat, benzylamine, paclobutrasol, butyrohydrazide, uniconazole, trinexapac-ethyl, da sauransu.
Yaya ake amfani da mai kula da girma shuka?
1. Matsakaicin adadin mai sarrafa tsiro ya kamata ya dace kuma kada a ƙara shi yadda ake so. Ƙara yawan adadin ko maida hankali akan so ba kawai zai kasa haɓaka haɓakar tsirrai ba, har ma zai hana ci gaban tsire-tsire har ma ya haifar da nakasar ganye, bushewar ganye da mutuwar shuka gaba ɗaya.
2. Ba za a iya gauraya mai sarrafa tsiro yadda ake so ba. Yawancin manoma sukan haɗa masu kula da shuka shuka da sauran takin zamani, magungunan kashe qwari, da fungicides. Ko ana iya haxa Mai sarrafa Girman Shuka da takin mai magani, dole ne a tantance magungunan kashe qwari da sauran kayan ta hanyar maimaita gwaji bayan karanta umarnin a hankali. In ba haka ba, ba kawai zai kasa inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki ko kare furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa ba, amma kuma zai haifar da lahani ga tsire-tsire.
3. Ya kamata a yi amfani da mai kula da girma shuka bisa hankali. Ya kamata a shirya mai kula da ci gaban shuka a cikin maganin uwa a gaba, in ba haka ba zai zama da wuya a haxa wakili kuma zai shafi tasirin amfani kai tsaye. Yana buƙatar a diluted bisa ga umarnin lokacin amfani da shi. Kula da matakan kariya lokacin amfani da shi.
4. Mai kula da girma shuka ba zai iya maye gurbin takin mai magani ba. Mai kula da girma shuka zai iya taka rawa kawai kuma ba za a iya amfani da shi azaman madadin takin gargajiya ba. Dangane da rashin isasshen ruwa da taki, yawan fesa tsarin girma shuka yana da illa ga tsirrai.
Fa'idodin sarrafa girma shuka
1. Mai kula da ci gaban shuka yana da ayyuka da aikace-aikace masu yawa. Iyalin aikace-aikacen Mai Gudanar da Ci gaban Shuka ya haɗa da kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire mafi girma da ƙananan a cikin masana'antar shuka, kuma yana daidaita photosynthesis, numfashi, shayar da kayan abu da tsarin aiki na shuke-shuke, watsa siginar, buɗewa da rufe stomata, da ka'idojin matsa lamba osmotic. , transpiration da sauran tsarin ilimin lissafi, ta haka ne ke sarrafa girma da ci gaban tsire-tsire, inganta mu'amala tsakanin tsire-tsire da muhalli, haɓaka juriya na amfanin gona, ƙara yawan amfanin gona, da haɓaka ingancin kayan amfanin gona.
2. Matsakaicin ƙananan ƙananan, saurin yana da sauri, kuma inganci yana da girma. Yawancin amfanin gona na buƙatar fesa sau ɗaya kawai a cikin ƙayyadadden lokaci a cikin kakar.
3. Yana iya bidirectionally tsara waje halaye da ciki physiological tafiyar matakai na shuke-shuke.
4. Babban niyya da ƙwararru. Yana iya magance wasu matsalolin da ke da wuyar magance su ta wasu hanyoyi, kamar samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa marasa iri.
Takaitaccen bayanin kula da girma shuka
Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar noma na gargajiya, aikace-aikacen sarrafa ci gaban shuka yana da fa'idodin ƙarancin farashi, sakamako mai sauri, babban inganci, da ceton aiki. Amfani da shi ya zama daya daga cikin muhimman matakan noma na zamani. Ana amfani da mai kula da ci gaban shuka sosai wajen samar da amfanin gona na tsabar kuɗi, amfanin gona na hatsi da mai, kayan lambu, itatuwan 'ya'yan itace, amfanin gonakin lambu, kayan magani na kasar Sin, da naman gwari da ake ci. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran magungunan kashe qwari da kayayyakin taki, yana inganta ingancin amfanin gona cikin sauri kuma yana da babban rabon fitarwa.
Mai kula da ci gaban shuka zai taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ko daidaita yawan amfanin gona, haɓaka juriya ga tsirrai, haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, haɓaka ingancin shuka, da sauransu, kuma yana da amfani ga haɓaka girma da haɓaka aikin noma. An haɗe shi da fungicides, takin mai narkewa da ruwa, da dai sauransu, kuma yana da mahimmancin goyon baya ga haɗin ruwa da taki.
Mai sarrafa ci gaban shuka wani sabon abu ne wanda aka haɗe shi ta hanyar wucin gadi ko al'ada don samun irin tasirin ilimin lissafi da ilimin halitta ga kwayoyin halittar shuka. Domin daidaita tsarin ci gaban amfanin gona yadda ya kamata wajen samar da noma, inganta ingancin amfanin gona, inganta juriya ga amfanin gona, daidaita yawan amfanin gona da karuwar amfanin gona, da dai sauransu.
Wasu tsire-tsire masu kula da haɓakar shuka za su iya samar da su a wasu yanayi, amma kuma ana iya shigar da su cikin tsire-tsire ta hanyar fesa. Mai kula da haɓakar tsire-tsire yana daidaita rarraba kwayoyin halitta, haɓakawa, nama da bambance-bambancen gabobin jiki, furanni da 'ya'yan itace, balagagge da jin daɗi, dormancy da germination, bi da bi ko tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da juna, ta haka yana shafar ci gaban shuka da haɓaka don cimma sakamakon da ake so.
Ana iya raba masu kula da haɓaka tsiro zuwa kashi uku gwargwadon rawar da suke takawa:
Kashi na farko shine masu haɓaka haɓakar shuka.
Yana iya inganta rarraba cell shuka, bambance-bambance da elongation, inganta ci gaban ciyayi gabobin da ci gaban haihuwa gabobin, hana 'ya'yan itace fadowa kashe, inganta shuka rooting da germination, da kuma jawo parthenocarpy. Matsayin tsari yayi kama da na auxins, cytokinins ko gibberellins tsakanin kwayoyin halittar kwayoyin halitta. Masu haɓaka haɓakar tsire-tsire na yau da kullun sun haɗa da indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, α-naphthylacetic acid, 6-BA, 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, da 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
Kashi na biyu shine masu hana ci gaban shuka.
Yana iya hana ci gaban shuka apical meristems da tsire-tsire germination, kawar da fa'idar apical da haɓaka rassan gefe, da kawar da weeds, da sauransu. Yawancin magungunan kashe qwari na herbicides kuma na iya yin aiki azaman masu hana ci gaba idan aka yi amfani da su a ƙananan yawa. Tasirin tsari yayi kama da na abscisic acid a cikin kwayoyin halittar kwayoyin halitta. Masu hana tsire-tsire na yau da kullun sun haɗa da maleic acid hydrazide, glyphosate, plasticine, statin, statin, triiodobenzoic acid, da sauransu.
Kashi na uku shine masu hana tsiro.
Yana iya hana ci gaban shuke-shuke sub-apical meristems da kuma hana elongation na internodes ba tare da hana ci gaban m buds. Yana sanya tsiron ya zama ya fi guntu da kauri, kuma yana ƙara kauri da chlorophyll na ganyen. Tun da yake yakan daidaita haɗin gibberellins a cikin tsire-tsire, ana iya dawo da tasirinsa ta hanyar amfani da gibberellins. Abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban shuka na yau da kullun sun haɗa da: chlormequat, benzylamine, paclobutrasol, butyrohydrazide, uniconazole, trinexapac-ethyl, da sauransu.
Yaya ake amfani da mai kula da girma shuka?
1. Matsakaicin adadin mai sarrafa tsiro ya kamata ya dace kuma kada a ƙara shi yadda ake so. Ƙara yawan adadin ko maida hankali akan so ba kawai zai kasa haɓaka haɓakar tsirrai ba, har ma zai hana ci gaban tsire-tsire har ma ya haifar da nakasar ganye, bushewar ganye da mutuwar shuka gaba ɗaya.
2. Ba za a iya gauraya mai sarrafa tsiro yadda ake so ba. Yawancin manoma sukan haɗa masu kula da shuka shuka da sauran takin zamani, magungunan kashe qwari, da fungicides. Ko ana iya haxa Mai sarrafa Girman Shuka da takin mai magani, dole ne a tantance magungunan kashe qwari da sauran kayan ta hanyar maimaita gwaji bayan karanta umarnin a hankali. In ba haka ba, ba kawai zai kasa inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki ko kare furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa ba, amma kuma zai haifar da lahani ga tsire-tsire.
3. Ya kamata a yi amfani da mai kula da girma shuka bisa hankali. Ya kamata a shirya mai kula da ci gaban shuka a cikin maganin uwa a gaba, in ba haka ba zai zama da wuya a haxa wakili kuma zai shafi tasirin amfani kai tsaye. Yana buƙatar a diluted bisa ga umarnin lokacin amfani da shi. Kula da matakan kariya lokacin amfani da shi.
4. Mai kula da girma shuka ba zai iya maye gurbin takin mai magani ba. Mai kula da girma shuka zai iya taka rawa kawai kuma ba za a iya amfani da shi azaman madadin takin gargajiya ba. Dangane da rashin isasshen ruwa da taki, yawan fesa tsarin girma shuka yana da illa ga tsirrai.
Fa'idodin sarrafa girma shuka
1. Mai kula da ci gaban shuka yana da ayyuka da aikace-aikace masu yawa. Iyalin aikace-aikacen Mai Gudanar da Ci gaban Shuka ya haɗa da kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire mafi girma da ƙananan a cikin masana'antar shuka, kuma yana daidaita photosynthesis, numfashi, shayar da kayan abu da tsarin aiki na shuke-shuke, watsa siginar, buɗewa da rufe stomata, da ka'idojin matsa lamba osmotic. , transpiration da sauran tsarin ilimin lissafi, ta haka ne ke sarrafa girma da ci gaban tsire-tsire, inganta mu'amala tsakanin tsire-tsire da muhalli, haɓaka juriya na amfanin gona, ƙara yawan amfanin gona, da haɓaka ingancin kayan amfanin gona.
2. Matsakaicin ƙananan ƙananan, saurin yana da sauri, kuma inganci yana da girma. Yawancin amfanin gona na buƙatar fesa sau ɗaya kawai a cikin ƙayyadadden lokaci a cikin kakar.
3. Yana iya bidirectionally tsara waje halaye da ciki physiological tafiyar matakai na shuke-shuke.
4. Babban niyya da ƙwararru. Yana iya magance wasu matsalolin da ke da wuyar magance su ta wasu hanyoyi, kamar samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa marasa iri.
Takaitaccen bayanin kula da girma shuka
Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar noma na gargajiya, aikace-aikacen sarrafa ci gaban shuka yana da fa'idodin ƙarancin farashi, sakamako mai sauri, babban inganci, da ceton aiki. Amfani da shi ya zama daya daga cikin muhimman matakan noma na zamani. Ana amfani da mai kula da ci gaban shuka sosai wajen samar da amfanin gona na tsabar kuɗi, amfanin gona na hatsi da mai, kayan lambu, itatuwan 'ya'yan itace, amfanin gonakin lambu, kayan magani na kasar Sin, da naman gwari da ake ci. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran magungunan kashe qwari da kayayyakin taki, yana inganta ingancin amfanin gona cikin sauri kuma yana da babban rabon fitarwa.
Mai kula da ci gaban shuka zai taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ko daidaita yawan amfanin gona, haɓaka juriya ga tsirrai, haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, haɓaka ingancin shuka, da sauransu, kuma yana da amfani ga haɓaka girma da haɓaka aikin noma. An haɗe shi da fungicides, takin mai narkewa da ruwa, da dai sauransu, kuma yana da mahimmancin goyon baya ga haɗin ruwa da taki.
Kwanan nan posts
Labaran fasalin
