Zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu ya feteleza wa foliar
Zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu ya feteleza wa foliar
Masamba
Sera ya masamba ndi makulidwe a cuticle, ntchito ya masamba, ndi zina zotere zimatha kusokoneza kuyamwa kwa feteleza wa masamba. Masamba atsopano okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso masamba amphamvu amayamwa bwino pa feteleza. Urea imakhala ndi mphamvu yofewetsa pa cuticle ya maselo a epidermal ndipo imatha kufulumizitsa kulowa kwa michere ina, chifukwa chake urea yakhala gawo lofunikira la feteleza wa foliar. Sopo osalowerera ndale, zowonjezera za silikoni, ndi zina zotero zimatha kufewetsa cuticle, kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira kwa njira za feteleza, kuwonjezera malo okhudzana ndi masamba, ndikuwonjezera kuyamwa bwino. Nthawi yamasamba nthawi zambiri imagwirizana ndi ntchito ya masamba, ndipo masamba atsopano ndi osavuta kuyamwa zakudya kuposa masamba akale.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi cha chomera chokha
Zomera zomwe zilibe michere zimakhala ndi mphamvu zotha kuyamwa zakudya. Ngati mbewuyo imakula bwino ndipo michere imakhala yokwanira, imayamwa pang'ono mutapopera feteleza wa foliar; apo ayi, idzayamwa zambiri.
Mikhalidwe ya chilengedwe
Kuwala, chinyezi, kutentha, etc. zimakhudza kwambiri mayamwidwe a foliar fetereza. Kuwala kopanda mphamvu komanso chinyezi chambiri kumapangitsa kuyamwa kwa feteleza wa foliar. Ngati feteleza wa masamba achuluka kwambiri ndipo madziwo amaphwera msanga, akhoza kutentha masamba ndikuwononga feteleza. Nthawi zambiri, pa mitambo kapena 4:00 ~ 5:00 masana, pamene kutentha ndi 20 ~ 25 digiri Celsius, zotsatira za kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa foliar ndi bwino.
Katundu kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa njira
Kuchuluka kwa yankho, mtengo wa pH, kuthamanga kwa nthaka, kuyenda kwa michere, ndi zina zambiri kumakhudzanso kuyamwa kwa feteleza wa foliar. Feteleza osiyanasiyana amasiyana mosiyanasiyana, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira. Popereka ma cations, yankho limasinthidwa kukhala lamchere pang'ono; popereka anions, yankho limasinthidwa kukhala acidic pang'ono, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mayamwidwe azinthu zomanga thupi. Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti kuwonjezera 2% zotsukira zovala zosalowerera ndale ku kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kungathe kuchepetsa chipwirikiti cha pamwamba pa yankho, kuonjezera malo olumikizana pakati pa yankho ndi masamba, ndi kuyamwa zakudya mwachangu. Kuyamwa kwa masamba kumayenderana bwino ndi kuyenda kwa zakudya m'masamba. Zinthu zomanga thupi zomwe zimakhala ndi liwiro la kuyenda kwa michere m'masamba zimatengedwanso mwachangu.
Kuyenda liwiro la zinthu zosiyanasiyana mu masamba zomera
Kuthamanga kwa michere m'masamba nthawi zambiri ndi: nayitrogeni> potaziyamu> phosphorous>sulfure>zinki>chitsulo>mkuwa>manganese>molybdenum>boron>calcium. Popopera mbewu mankhwalawa zinthu zomwe sizili zophweka kusuntha, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndikulabadira malo opopera. Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo, boron, molybdenum, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, zimapopera bwino pamasamba atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi yomwe yankho limanyowetsa masamba limakhudzanso kuyamwa kwa feteleza wa foliar. Nthawi zambiri, mayamwidwe amathamanga kwambiri masamba akanyowa kwa mphindi 30 mpaka ola limodzi.
Masamba
Sera ya masamba ndi makulidwe a cuticle, ntchito ya masamba, ndi zina zotere zimatha kusokoneza kuyamwa kwa feteleza wa masamba. Masamba atsopano okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso masamba amphamvu amayamwa bwino pa feteleza. Urea imakhala ndi mphamvu yofewetsa pa cuticle ya maselo a epidermal ndipo imatha kufulumizitsa kulowa kwa michere ina, chifukwa chake urea yakhala gawo lofunikira la feteleza wa foliar. Sopo osalowerera ndale, zowonjezera za silikoni, ndi zina zotero zimatha kufewetsa cuticle, kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira kwa njira za feteleza, kuwonjezera malo okhudzana ndi masamba, ndikuwonjezera kuyamwa bwino. Nthawi yamasamba nthawi zambiri imagwirizana ndi ntchito ya masamba, ndipo masamba atsopano ndi osavuta kuyamwa zakudya kuposa masamba akale.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi cha chomera chokha
Zomera zomwe zilibe michere zimakhala ndi mphamvu zotha kuyamwa zakudya. Ngati mbewuyo imakula bwino ndipo michere imakhala yokwanira, imayamwa pang'ono mutapopera feteleza wa foliar; apo ayi, idzayamwa zambiri.
Mikhalidwe ya chilengedwe
Kuwala, chinyezi, kutentha, etc. zimakhudza kwambiri mayamwidwe a foliar fetereza. Kuwala kopanda mphamvu komanso chinyezi chambiri kumapangitsa kuyamwa kwa feteleza wa foliar. Ngati feteleza wa masamba achuluka kwambiri ndipo madziwo amaphwera msanga, akhoza kutentha masamba ndikuwononga feteleza. Nthawi zambiri, pa mitambo kapena 4:00 ~ 5:00 masana, pamene kutentha ndi 20 ~ 25 digiri Celsius, zotsatira za kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa foliar ndi bwino.
Katundu kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa njira
Kuchuluka kwa yankho, mtengo wa pH, kuthamanga kwa nthaka, kuyenda kwa michere, ndi zina zambiri kumakhudzanso kuyamwa kwa feteleza wa foliar. Feteleza osiyanasiyana amasiyana mosiyanasiyana, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira. Popereka ma cations, yankho limasinthidwa kukhala lamchere pang'ono; popereka anions, yankho limasinthidwa kukhala acidic pang'ono, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mayamwidwe azinthu zomanga thupi. Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti kuwonjezera 2% zotsukira zovala zosalowerera ndale ku kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kungathe kuchepetsa chipwirikiti cha pamwamba pa yankho, kuonjezera malo olumikizana pakati pa yankho ndi masamba, ndi kuyamwa zakudya mwachangu. Kuyamwa kwa masamba kumayenderana bwino ndi kuyenda kwa zakudya m'masamba. Zinthu zomanga thupi zomwe zimakhala ndi liwiro la kuyenda kwa michere m'masamba zimatengedwanso mwachangu.
Kuyenda liwiro la zinthu zosiyanasiyana mu masamba zomera
Kuthamanga kwa michere m'masamba nthawi zambiri ndi: nayitrogeni> potaziyamu> phosphorous>sulfure>zinki>chitsulo>mkuwa>manganese>molybdenum>boron>calcium. Popopera mbewu mankhwalawa zinthu zomwe sizili zophweka kusuntha, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndikulabadira malo opopera. Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo, boron, molybdenum, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, zimapopera bwino pamasamba atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi yomwe yankho limanyowetsa masamba limakhudzanso kuyamwa kwa feteleza wa foliar. Nthawi zambiri, mayamwidwe amathamanga kwambiri masamba akanyowa kwa mphindi 30 mpaka ola limodzi.
