Ndi njira ziti za kukula kwa zomera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo ikule mwachangu?

Zowongolera bwino za kukula kwamitengo zikuphatikiza GA3, cytokinins, ndi sodium nitrophenolates.

Kukula kwa mitengo kumatengera majini awoawo, chilengedwe, ndi zowongolera kukula. Pansi pa umuna wovomerezeka ndi kuwala kolamuliridwa, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa sayansi kwa olamulira kukula kwa zomera kungathe kufulumizitsa bwino kukula kwa mitengo, koma mtundu woyenera uyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi makhalidwe enieni a mtengo.

1. Gibberellic Acid (GA3)

Gibberellic Acid ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakukula. Imawonjezera mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa thunthu ndi nthambi polimbikitsa kukula kwa maselo. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 50-100 ppm gibberellic acid solution pamitengo ya zipatso monga citrus ndi mphesa kungapangitse kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano ndi 20% -35% (2023 data experimental).

2. Cytokinins (monga 6-BA)
Owongolerawa amathandizira kugawikana kwa maselo, ndipo ndi oyenera makamaka kumera kwa m'mbali ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nthambi ndi masamba. Kupopera mbewu za popula ndi 0,1% ndende ya 6-BA kuonjezera chiwerengero cha nthambi ofananira nawo ndi kupitirira katatu patatha masiku 15. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse masamba owundana kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kulowa kwa kuwala.

3. Sodium Nitrophenolates: Sodium nitrophenolates imakhala ndi ntchito zolimbikitsa kukula komanso kukana kupsinjika, zomwe zimafulumizitsa kudzikundikira kwa michere mwa kukulitsa luso la photosynthetic. Kupopera mbewu za paini ndi 1.8% yamadzimadzi yosungunuka nthawi 6000, kuphatikiza ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, kumatha kukulitsa kukula kwapachaka ndi 40%.

Pambuyo pomvetsetsa mfundozo, mfundo ziwiri ziyenera kudziwika: Choyamba, chowongolera chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi feteleza wapansi. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa phosphorous ndi potaziyamu musanayambe kapena mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito gibberellin kungalepheretse kukula kwa zomera. Chachiwiri, nthawi yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito ndikuchokera pakuphuka kwa masamba mpaka kukula msanga; kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa dormancy kungalepheretse kukula.

Kumadera akumpoto, mukabzala mitengo yophukira, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewu katatu mosiyanasiyana kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Juni, pomwe mitengo yobiriwira kumwera ikhoza kupitilira mpaka Seputembala.

Chiyerekezo chothandizira ndi: 10 magalamu a gibberellin + 30 magalamu a potaziyamu dihydrogen phosphate osungunuka mu 15 kg ya madzi, kuyang'ana kwambiri kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mphukira zanthete ndi pansi pa masamba. Ngati pali zolakwika monga kupindika kwa masamba, muzimutsuka nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi oyera ndikuthira feteleza wa calcium ndi magnesium kuti muchepetse vutoli.

Mayesero amasonyeza kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi kwa olamulira ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuthira madzi a Bacillus subtilis ngati madzi a mizu patatha masiku atatu kupopera mankhwala a Sodium Nitrophenolates kungathandize kuti mayamwidwe a michere mumizu yake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo ya dzombe yomwe ikukula mofulumira ichuluke chaka ndi chaka kuwirikiza ka 1.5 kuposa momwe zimakhalira nthawi zonse.