Kugwiritsa ntchito zowongolera kukula kwa mbewu pamasamba - Tomato
Tomato ali ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe monga kukhala wofunda, wokonda kuwala, wolekerera feteleza komanso wosamva chilala. Chimakula bwino nyengo ndi nyengo yofunda, kuwala kokwanira, mu masiku ochepa mitambo ndi mvula, n'zosavuta kupeza mkulu zokolola. Komabe, kutentha kwakukulu, nyengo yamvula, ndi kuwala kosakwanira nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kukula kofooka. , matenda ndi aakulu.
1. Kumera
Pofuna kukulitsa liwiro la kumera kwa mbeu ndi kumera, ndikupangitsa mbande kukhala zaukhondo komanso zamphamvu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Gibberellic acid (GA3) 200-300 mg/L ndikuviika mbewu kwa maola 6, pawiri sodium nitrophenolate (ATN) ） 6-8 mg/L ndikuviika mbewu kwa maola 6, ndi diacetate 10-12 mg/ Izi zitha kuchitika poviika mbewu kwa maola 6.
2. Limbikitsani mizu
Gwiritsani ntchito mizu ya Pinsoa. Ikhoza kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ndi chitukuko, potero kukulitsa mbande zolimba.
3. Pewani kukula kwambiri pa mbande
Pofuna kupewa mbande kuti zisakule motalika, pangani ma internodes kukhala afupikitsa, zimayambira kukhala zokhuthala, ndipo mbewuzo zikhale zazifupi komanso zamphamvu, zomwe zimathandizira kusiyanitsa kwamaluwa ndikuyala maziko owonjezera kupanga pakapita nthawi, zotsatirazi: zowongolera kukula kwa zomera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chlorocholine chloride (CCC)
(1) Njira yopopera: Pakakhala masamba enieni a 2-4, 300mg/L mankhwala opopera amatha kupanga mbande zazifupi komanso zamphamvu ndikuwonjezera maluwa.
(2) Kuthirira mizu: Muzu ukakula 30-50cm mutaubzala, kuthirira mizu ndi 200mL ya 250mg/L Chlorocholine chloride (CCC) pa mmera uliwonse, zomwe zingalepheretse kukula kwa phwetekere kwambiri.
(3) Kuviika kwa mizu: Kuviika mizu ndi Chlorocholine chloride (CCC) 500mg/L kwa mphindi 20 musanabzale kungathandize kuti mbande zikhale zabwino, kulimbikitsa kusiyanitsa kwa maluwa, ndikuthandizira kukhwima msanga ndi zokolola zambiri.
Chonde dziwani mukamagwiritsa ntchito: Chlorocholine chloride (CCC) si yoyenera mbande zofooka ndi nthaka yopyapyala; ndende sangapitirire 500mg/L.
Pa mbande zamiyendo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa 10-20mg/L paclobutrazol (Paclo) ndi masamba enieni a 5-6 kumatha kuwongolera kukula kwamphamvu, mbande zolimba ndikulimbikitsa kumera kwa axillary.
Zindikirani mukamagwiritsa ntchito: Yang'anirani kwambiri ndende, potozani bwino, ndipo musapondereze mobwerezabwereza; kuletsa madzi kuti asagwere m'nthaka, pewani kuyika mizu, ndikuletsa zotsalira m'nthaka.
4. Pewani maluwa ndi zipatso kuti zisagwe.
Pofuna kupewa kugwa kwa maluwa ndi zipatso chifukwa cha kusakula bwino kwa maluwa pansi pa kutentha kochepa kapena kutentha kwambiri, zowongolera zakukula kwa mbewu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:
Naphthylacetic acid(NAA) amapopera masamba ndi 10 mg/L Naphthylacetic acid(NAA)
Compound sodium nitrophenolate (ATN) iyenera kupopera masamba ndi 4-6mg/L
Mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa angathandize kuti maluwa asamagwe bwino komanso kuti asagwetse zipatso, kufulumizitsa kukula kwa zipatso komanso kukolola msanga.
5. Kuchedwetsa ukalamba ndi kuonjezera kupanga
Pofuna kupondereza mbande zonyowa komanso kupezeka kwa anthracnose, choipitsa ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha ma virus pambuyo pake, kulitsa mbande zolimba, onjezerani zipatso zapakati ndi mochedwa, onjezerani mawonekedwe ndi kupanga zipatso, kuchedwetsa kukalamba. mbewu, ndikukulitsa nthawi yokolola, zitha kuthandizidwa ndi zowongolera zakukula kwa mbewu zotsatirazi:
(DA-6)Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate : Gwiritsani ntchito 10mg/L ya ethanol popopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa siteji ya mbande, 667m⊃2 iliyonse; gwiritsani ntchito 25-30kg yamadzimadzi. M'munda, 12-15 mg/L wa DA-6 agwiritsidwe ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, 667m⊃2 iliyonse; 50kg yankho angagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndi kutsitsi yachiwiri zikhoza kuchitika patatha masiku 10, okwana kufunika 2 opopera.
Brassinolide: Gwiritsani ntchito 0.01mg/L brassinolide popopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa mbande, pa 667m⊃2 iliyonse; gwiritsani ntchito 25-30kg yamadzimadzi. M'munda, 0.05 mg/L brassinolide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popopera mbewu mankhwalawa, 667 m⊃2 iliyonse; Gwiritsani ntchito 50 kg ya yankho, ndipo utsinso kachiwiri kwa masiku 7-10, okwana amafunika kupopera 2.
6.Limbikitsani kukhwima kwa tomato
Ethephon: Ethephon amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu tomato nthawi yokolola kuti alimbikitse kucha msanga kwa zipatso. Zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ndipo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochititsa chidwi.
Sikuti zimatha kupsa msanga ndikuwonjezera zokolola zoyamba, komanso zimapindulitsa kwambiri pakucha kwa tomato.
Pakuti yosungirako ndi pokonza phwetekere mitundu, kuti atsogolere chapakati processing, onse akhoza kuchitiridwa ndi ethephon, ndi nkhani za lycopene, shuga, asidi, etc. mu tomato ankachitira ndi ethephon ndi ofanana ndi yachibadwa okhwima zipatso.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito:
(1) Njira yopaka mafuta:
Pamene zipatso za phwetekere zatsala pang'ono kulowa nthawi ya utoto (tomato amasanduka oyera) kuchokera pagawo lobiriwira komanso lokhwima, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito thaulo laling'ono kapena magolovesi kuti mulowetse mu 4000mg/L yankho la ethephon, kenako ndikuyika pa phwetekere. zipatso. Ingopukutani kapena kukhudza. Zipatso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ethephon zimatha kukhwima masiku 6-8 m'mbuyomu, ndipo zipatso zake zimakhala zowala komanso zonyezimira.
(2) Njira yothirira zipatso:
Ngati tomato omwe adalowa munyengo yopangira utoto amatengedwa ndikucha, 2000 mg/L ethephon angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupopera zipatso kapena kuviika zipatso kwa mphindi imodzi, ndikuyika tomato pamalo otentha (22 - 25 ℃) kapena kucha m'nyumba, koma zipatso zakupsa sizowala ngati zomwe zili pamitengo.
(3)Njira yopopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumunda:
Kwa nthawi imodzi yokolola tomato, kumapeto kwa nthawi ya kukula, pamene zipatso zambiri zakhala zofiira koma zipatso zina zobiriwira sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza, kuti mupititse patsogolo kukula kwa zipatso, 1000 mg/L yankho la ethephon likhoza kukhala. kupopera mbewu zonse kufulumizitsa kucha kwa zobiriwira zipatso.
Kwa tomato wa autumn kapena tomato wa alpine amalima kumapeto kwa nyengo, kutentha kumatsika pang'onopang'ono panthawi ya kukula. Pofuna kupewa chisanu, ethephon ikhoza kupopera mbewu kapena zipatso kuti zilimbikitse kucha msanga kwa zipatso.
1. Kumera
Pofuna kukulitsa liwiro la kumera kwa mbeu ndi kumera, ndikupangitsa mbande kukhala zaukhondo komanso zamphamvu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Gibberellic acid (GA3) 200-300 mg/L ndikuviika mbewu kwa maola 6, pawiri sodium nitrophenolate (ATN) ） 6-8 mg/L ndikuviika mbewu kwa maola 6, ndi diacetate 10-12 mg/ Izi zitha kuchitika poviika mbewu kwa maola 6.
2. Limbikitsani mizu
Gwiritsani ntchito mizu ya Pinsoa. Ikhoza kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ndi chitukuko, potero kukulitsa mbande zolimba.
3. Pewani kukula kwambiri pa mbande
Pofuna kupewa mbande kuti zisakule motalika, pangani ma internodes kukhala afupikitsa, zimayambira kukhala zokhuthala, ndipo mbewuzo zikhale zazifupi komanso zamphamvu, zomwe zimathandizira kusiyanitsa kwamaluwa ndikuyala maziko owonjezera kupanga pakapita nthawi, zotsatirazi: zowongolera kukula kwa zomera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chlorocholine chloride (CCC)
(1) Njira yopopera: Pakakhala masamba enieni a 2-4, 300mg/L mankhwala opopera amatha kupanga mbande zazifupi komanso zamphamvu ndikuwonjezera maluwa.
(2) Kuthirira mizu: Muzu ukakula 30-50cm mutaubzala, kuthirira mizu ndi 200mL ya 250mg/L Chlorocholine chloride (CCC) pa mmera uliwonse, zomwe zingalepheretse kukula kwa phwetekere kwambiri.
(3) Kuviika kwa mizu: Kuviika mizu ndi Chlorocholine chloride (CCC) 500mg/L kwa mphindi 20 musanabzale kungathandize kuti mbande zikhale zabwino, kulimbikitsa kusiyanitsa kwa maluwa, ndikuthandizira kukhwima msanga ndi zokolola zambiri.
Chonde dziwani mukamagwiritsa ntchito: Chlorocholine chloride (CCC) si yoyenera mbande zofooka ndi nthaka yopyapyala; ndende sangapitirire 500mg/L.
Pa mbande zamiyendo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa 10-20mg/L paclobutrazol (Paclo) ndi masamba enieni a 5-6 kumatha kuwongolera kukula kwamphamvu, mbande zolimba ndikulimbikitsa kumera kwa axillary.
Zindikirani mukamagwiritsa ntchito: Yang'anirani kwambiri ndende, potozani bwino, ndipo musapondereze mobwerezabwereza; kuletsa madzi kuti asagwere m'nthaka, pewani kuyika mizu, ndikuletsa zotsalira m'nthaka.
4. Pewani maluwa ndi zipatso kuti zisagwe.
Pofuna kupewa kugwa kwa maluwa ndi zipatso chifukwa cha kusakula bwino kwa maluwa pansi pa kutentha kochepa kapena kutentha kwambiri, zowongolera zakukula kwa mbewu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:
Naphthylacetic acid(NAA) amapopera masamba ndi 10 mg/L Naphthylacetic acid(NAA)
Compound sodium nitrophenolate (ATN) iyenera kupopera masamba ndi 4-6mg/L
Mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa angathandize kuti maluwa asamagwe bwino komanso kuti asagwetse zipatso, kufulumizitsa kukula kwa zipatso komanso kukolola msanga.
5. Kuchedwetsa ukalamba ndi kuonjezera kupanga
Pofuna kupondereza mbande zonyowa komanso kupezeka kwa anthracnose, choipitsa ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha ma virus pambuyo pake, kulitsa mbande zolimba, onjezerani zipatso zapakati ndi mochedwa, onjezerani mawonekedwe ndi kupanga zipatso, kuchedwetsa kukalamba. mbewu, ndikukulitsa nthawi yokolola, zitha kuthandizidwa ndi zowongolera zakukula kwa mbewu zotsatirazi:
(DA-6)Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate : Gwiritsani ntchito 10mg/L ya ethanol popopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa siteji ya mbande, 667m⊃2 iliyonse; gwiritsani ntchito 25-30kg yamadzimadzi. M'munda, 12-15 mg/L wa DA-6 agwiritsidwe ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, 667m⊃2 iliyonse; 50kg yankho angagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndi kutsitsi yachiwiri zikhoza kuchitika patatha masiku 10, okwana kufunika 2 opopera.
Brassinolide: Gwiritsani ntchito 0.01mg/L brassinolide popopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa mbande, pa 667m⊃2 iliyonse; gwiritsani ntchito 25-30kg yamadzimadzi. M'munda, 0.05 mg/L brassinolide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popopera mbewu mankhwalawa, 667 m⊃2 iliyonse; Gwiritsani ntchito 50 kg ya yankho, ndipo utsinso kachiwiri kwa masiku 7-10, okwana amafunika kupopera 2.
6.Limbikitsani kukhwima kwa tomato
Ethephon: Ethephon amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu tomato nthawi yokolola kuti alimbikitse kucha msanga kwa zipatso. Zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ndipo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochititsa chidwi.
Sikuti zimatha kupsa msanga ndikuwonjezera zokolola zoyamba, komanso zimapindulitsa kwambiri pakucha kwa tomato.
Pakuti yosungirako ndi pokonza phwetekere mitundu, kuti atsogolere chapakati processing, onse akhoza kuchitiridwa ndi ethephon, ndi nkhani za lycopene, shuga, asidi, etc. mu tomato ankachitira ndi ethephon ndi ofanana ndi yachibadwa okhwima zipatso.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito:
(1) Njira yopaka mafuta:
Pamene zipatso za phwetekere zatsala pang'ono kulowa nthawi ya utoto (tomato amasanduka oyera) kuchokera pagawo lobiriwira komanso lokhwima, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito thaulo laling'ono kapena magolovesi kuti mulowetse mu 4000mg/L yankho la ethephon, kenako ndikuyika pa phwetekere. zipatso. Ingopukutani kapena kukhudza. Zipatso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ethephon zimatha kukhwima masiku 6-8 m'mbuyomu, ndipo zipatso zake zimakhala zowala komanso zonyezimira.
(2) Njira yothirira zipatso:
Ngati tomato omwe adalowa munyengo yopangira utoto amatengedwa ndikucha, 2000 mg/L ethephon angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupopera zipatso kapena kuviika zipatso kwa mphindi imodzi, ndikuyika tomato pamalo otentha (22 - 25 ℃) kapena kucha m'nyumba, koma zipatso zakupsa sizowala ngati zomwe zili pamitengo.
(3)Njira yopopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumunda:
Kwa nthawi imodzi yokolola tomato, kumapeto kwa nthawi ya kukula, pamene zipatso zambiri zakhala zofiira koma zipatso zina zobiriwira sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza, kuti mupititse patsogolo kukula kwa zipatso, 1000 mg/L yankho la ethephon likhoza kukhala. kupopera mbewu zonse kufulumizitsa kucha kwa zobiriwira zipatso.
Kwa tomato wa autumn kapena tomato wa alpine amalima kumapeto kwa nyengo, kutentha kumatsika pang'onopang'ono panthawi ya kukula. Pofuna kupewa chisanu, ethephon ikhoza kupopera mbewu kapena zipatso kuti zilimbikitse kucha msanga kwa zipatso.
Zolemba zaposachedwa
Nkhani Zowonetsedwa
