Mfundo Zoyendetsera Ntchito Panthawi Yodzaza Tirigu

Gawo lodzaza mbewu ndilofunika kwambiri kuti tirigu abereke. Panthawi imeneyi, wowuma ndi mapuloteni otembenuzidwa opangidwa ndi photosynthesis ya tirigu amasungidwa mumbewu yatirigu mwa kusakaniza. M'mwezi wa Meyi, tirigu wachisanu pang'onopang'ono amalowa mu gawo lodzaza mbewu. Panthawi imeneyi, kutentha kumakhala kwakukulu, kupuma kumakhala kolimba, ndipo kagayidwe kake kamakhala kolimba. Choncho, kasamalidwe ka nthawi yodzaza mbewu za tirigu n'kofunika kwambiri kuti tiwonjezere zokolola za tirigu.

Gawo la kudzaza tirigu ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri yoteteza mizu ndi masamba, kukulitsa ntchito ya masamba, kuteteza kukalamba msanga, kuonjezera kulemera kwa tirigu, ndi kuteteza masoka achilengedwe monga chilala, kuthirira madzi, mphepo, matenda, tizirombo, ndi malo ogona. Njira zotsatirazi ndizovomerezeka kuti muwonjezere zokolola:

1. Kuthirira Moyenera Panthawi Yodzaza Mbewu

Gawo lodzaza mbewu ndi gawo lomaliza la kupanga zokolola za tirigu ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri zokolola za tirigu wambiri. Ngati pali mvula pa nthawi yodzaza mbewu, kuthirira sikungakhale kofunikira; ngati mvula ili yochepa, ulimi wothirira ukhoza kuganiziridwa.

Kwa minda ya tirigu yomwe ili ndi zomera zambiri, kukula kwambiri, ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi malo ogona, kuthirira kuyenera kupewedwa momwe zingathere. Apo ayi, ngati malo ogona achitika, kuchepetsa zokolola kudzakhala kwakukulu, ndipo chiopsezo chidzakhala chachikulu kwambiri. 1. Thirani pang'ono panthawi yodzaza mbewu, ndipo samalani za nyengo. Osamwetsa mphepo kapena mvula isanagwe kuti mupewe malo ogona.

2. Ikani feteleza wa masamba.

M'zaka zakumapeto kwa tirigu, mayamwidwe a mizu amachepa. Kuthira feteleza kungathe kutalikitsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ya masamba a tirigu, kukonza photosynthesis, kuteteza matenda ndi malo ogona, komanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mphepo yotentha ndi youma. Kusakaniza kwa potaziyamu dihydrogen phosphate ndi urea, ndi feteleza wowonjezera wa amino acid wa foliar, akulimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Bwerezani kutsitsi kwa masiku 7 aliwonse kuti muonjezere kulemera kwambewu zikwizikwi ndikuwongolera bwino.

3. Chepetsani tizirombo ndi matenda.

Gawo lodzaza tirigu wa tirigu ndi nthawi yochuluka ya tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, komanso nthawi yofunikira pakuwonjezera kulemera kwambewu zikwizikwi. Zolinga zazikulu zowongolera panthawiyi ndi monga nsabwe za m'masamba, powdery mildew, dzimbiri, Fusarium head blight, and leaf blight. Poyang'anira tizirombo ndi matenda a tirigu, njira zosiyanasiyana zowongolera ziyenera kutsatiridwa molingana ndi momwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timachitikira m'munda kuti tipewe kangapo ndi kupopera kamodzi.