N’chifukwa chiyani nthawi zina mankhwala ophera tizilombo m’munda sagwira ntchito bwino?

Pakadali pano, kuwongolera matenda a mbewu ndi tizirombo kumangodalira kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Komabe, popanga zinthu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofala kukumana ndi zochitika zomwe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo oyenerera sikutulutsa zotulukapo zokhutiritsa. Zifukwa za izi ndi izi (mfundo 7):


1. Matenda Olakwika:
Choyamba, kuchitira matenda ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kapena mosemphanitsa, kumayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika. Mwachitsanzo, kusazindikira kufa kwa mbande chifukwa cha kufa kwa mbande chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mizu kuchokera ku tizirombo ta munthaka kungapangitse chithandizo chamankhwala chosagwira ntchito, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Kachiwiri, ngakhale atapezeka ndi matenda olondola, mankhwala olakwika amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito Jinggangmycin poletsa kuphulika kwa mpunga, kugwiritsa ntchito dicofol polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'tirigu, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito cartap kuwongolera olima mpunga sikungakhale kothandiza.

2. Mwaphonya:
Pothana ndi tizirombo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa nthawi yoyika dzira la tizilombo akuluakulu kapena mphutsi zisanafike pa 3rd instar ndizothandiza kwambiri. Ngati mphutsi ndi zazikulu kuposa 3rd instar, ngakhale mankhwala ophera tizilombo ambiri sangakhale othandiza.

3. Mlingo wolakwika:
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kungayambitse phytotoxicity, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono sikungakwaniritse cholinga chothana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukonzekera mankhwala ophera tizilombo molingana ndi malangizo kuti mupeze zotsatira zowongolera.

4. Kusakaniza Molakwika:
Kusakaniza mankhwala ophera tizilombo opanda asidi kapena osalowerera ndale monga dimethoate, phoxim, ndi deltamethrin ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo amchere monga laimu sulfure kumapangitsa kuti mankhwalawo awole ndi kukhala osagwira ntchito; Kusakaniza mankhwala amchere monga laimu sulfure ndi Bordeaux osakaniza kumatulutsa mkuwa wosungunuka kwambiri, womwe umatsogolera ku phytotoxicity.

5. Kupopera mbewu kwa khungu:
Mankhwala ophera tizirombo amayenera kupopera pamalo omwe akufuna kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino. Mwachitsanzo, pofuna kupewa mpendadzuwa sclerotinia rot, mankhwala ophera tizirombo akuyenera kuikidwa m’munda mbewu ya sclerotia isanamere m’nthaka, potengera mmene sclerotia imakhalira nthawi yachisanu, kuti iwonongedwe bwino. Kupopera mankhwala pazigawo zomwe zakhudzidwa sikudzakhala kothandiza. Kuphulika kwa mpunga ndi kuwonongeka kwa mabakiteriya kumakhudza makamaka masamba, choncho mankhwala ophera tizilombo ayenera kupopera mwachindunji pamasamba; Pofuna kuthana ndi akangaude a thonje, mankhwala ayenera kupopera pansi pa masamba kuti athetse bwino. 6. Zovuta Zanyengo
Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zakuthambo monga kutentha, chinyezi, mvula, mame, mphepo, ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mwachitsanzo, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amatha kusungunuka, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino ngati palibe mvula kwa maola osachepera 24 mutatha kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Pachiphe cha m'mimba ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo, pakufunika masiku osachepera awiri opanda mvula kuti mankhwalawo akhale ogwira mtima. Choncho, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitika nyengo yamvula potengera momwe nyengo ikuyendera.

7. Kusakwanira kwa Zida Zogwiritsira Ntchito
Kugwira ntchito kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumakhudzananso ndi zida zopopera mankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zida zopopera mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri zimapulumutsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zimachepetsa ntchito, komanso zimawonjezera mphamvu.