Gushyira mu bikorwa ibimera bikura ku mboga - Inyanya
Inyanya zifite ibinyabuzima biranga ubushyuhe, gukunda urumuri, kwihanganira ifumbire no kwihanganira amapfa. Ikura neza mubihe byikirere hamwe nikirere gishyushye, urumuri ruhagije, muminsi mike yibicu nimvura, biroroshye kubona umusaruro mwinshi. Nyamara, ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibihe by'imvura, n'umucyo udahagije akenshi bitera gukura guke. , indwara irakomeye.
1. Kumera
Kugirango wongere umuvuduko wo kumera kwimbuto nigipimo cyo kumera, kandi utume ingemwe nziza kandi zikomeye, urashobora gukoresha acide Gibberellic （GA3） 200-300 mg / L hanyuma ukanyunyuza imbuto mumasaha 6, sodium nitrophenolate compound ATN ） 6-8 mg / L hanyuma ushire imbuto mumasaha 6, hanyuma diacetate 10-12 mg / Izi ngaruka zishobora kugerwaho no gushiramo imbuto mumasaha 6.
2. Guteza imbere imizi
Koresha imizi ya Pinsoa king.Bishobora guteza imbere imizi niterambere, bityo uhinga ingemwe zikomeye.
3. Irinde gukura gukabije murwego rwo gutera
Kugirango wirinde ingemwe gukura igihe kirekire, kora interode ngufi, uruti rurerure, kandi ibihingwa bigufi kandi bikomeye, bizorohereza gutandukanya amababi yindabyo bityo bigashyiraho urufatiro rwo kongera umusaruro mugihe cyakurikiyeho, ibikurikira kugenzura imikurire yikimera birashobora gukoreshwa.
Chlorocholine chloride （CCC）
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Nyamuneka menya mugihe ukoresheje: Chlorocholine chloride （CCC） ntabwo ibereye ingemwe zoroshye nubutaka bworoshye; kwibanda ntibishobora kurenga 500mg / L.
Ku ngemwe zemewe, gutera amababi ya 10-20mg / L paclobutrazol (Paclo) hamwe namababi yukuri 5-6 arashobora kugenzura neza imikurire ikomeye, ingemwe zikomeye kandi bigatera kumera kumera.
Icyitonderwa mugihe ukoresha: Igenzura cyane kwibanda, gutera neza, kandi ntutere inshuro nyinshi; irinde amazi kugwa mu butaka, irinde gukoresha imizi, kandi wirinde ibisigara mu butaka.
4. Irinde indabyo n'imbuto kugwa.
Mu rwego rwo gukumira indabyo n'imbuto biterwa no gukura kw'indabyo mu bihe by'ubushyuhe buke cyangwa hejuru, hashobora gukoreshwa ibihingwa bikura bikurikira:
Acide Naphthylacetic (NAA) iterwa kumababi hamwe na mg 10 / L Naphthylacetic aside (NAA)
Ifumbire ya sodium nitrophenolate (ATN) igomba guterwa kumababi hamwe na 4-6mg / L.
Ubuvuzi bwavuzwe haruguru burashobora gukumira neza kugabanuka kwindabyo nimbuto, kwihuta kwaguka kwimbuto, no kongera umusaruro hakiri kare.
5. Gutinda gusaza no kongera umusaruro
Mu rwego rwo guhashya ingemwe zangirika no kubaho kwa anthracnose, blight na virusi mugihe cyakurikiyeho, guhinga ingemwe zikomeye, kongera igipimo cyimbuto mugihe cyanyuma na nyuma, kongera imiterere yimbuto n'umusaruro, gutinda gusaza kwa igihingwa, kandi kongerera igihe cyo gusarura, gishobora kuvurwa hamwe nubuyobozi bukura bwibihingwa bikurikira:
. koresha 25-30 kg y'amazi. Murwego rwumurima, 12-15 mg / L ya DA-6 ukoreshe gutera amababi, buri 667m⊃2; 50kg yumuti urashobora gukoreshwa, kandi spray ya kabiri irashobora gukorwa nyuma yiminsi 10, yose ikeneye spray 2.
Brassinolide: Koresha 0.01mg / L brassinolide kugirango utere amababi mugihe cyo gutera, buri 667m⊃2; koresha 25-30 kg y'amazi. Murwego rwumurima, 0.05 mg / L brassinolide ikoreshwa mugutera ibiti, buri 667 m⊃2; koresha kg 50 yumuti, hanyuma utere inshuro ya kabiri buri minsi 7-10, byose bikenera spray 2.
6.Guteza imbere kwera hakiri kare inyanya
Ethephon: Ethephon ikoreshwa mu nyanya mugihe cyo gusarura kugirango imbuto zeze hakiri kare. Yakoreshejwe cyane mubikorwa kandi ifite ingaruka zidasanzwe.
Ntishobora gusa kwera hakiri kare no kongera umusaruro hakiri kare, ariko kandi ifasha cyane kwera inyanya nyuma.
Kubika no gutunganya ubwoko bwinyanya, kugirango byoroherezwe gutunganyirizwa hamwe, byose birashobora kuvurwa hamwe na ethephon, kandi ibiri muri lycopene, isukari, aside, nibindi mubinyanya bivurwa na ethephon bisa nibyimbuto zisanzwe zikuze.
Uburyo bwo kuyikoresha:
(1) Uburyo bwo gusebanya:
Iyo imbuto zinyanya zigiye kwinjira mugihe cyamabara (inyanya zihinduka umweru) uhereye kumurongo wicyatsi kandi ukuze, urashobora gukoresha igitambaro gito cyangwa uturindantoki twa gauze kugirango ushire muri 4000mg / L ethephon, hanyuma ubishyire kumyanya. imbuto. Ihanagura cyangwa uyikoreho. Imbuto zivuwe na ethephon zirashobora gukura iminsi 6-8 mbere, kandi imbuto zizaba nziza kandi zirabagirana.
(2) Uburyo bwo gushiramo imbuto:
Niba inyanya zinjiye mugihe cyo gutera amabara zatoranijwe hanyuma zeze, 2000 mg / L ethephon irashobora gukoreshwa mu gutera imbuto cyangwa gushiramo imbuto kumunota 1, hanyuma ugashyira inyanya ahantu hashyushye (22 - 25 ℃) cyangwa byeze mu nzu, ariko imbuto zeze ntizimeze neza nk'iziri ku bimera.
(3) Uburyo bwo gutera imbuto mu murima:
Ku gihe kimwe gisaruwe inyanya zitunganijwe, mugihe cyikura ryikura, mugihe imbuto nyinshi zahindutse umutuku ariko imbuto zimwe zicyatsi ntizishobora gukoreshwa mugutunganya, kugirango byihute gukura kwimbuto, 1000 mg / L igisubizo cya ethephon gishobora kuba yatewe ku gihingwa cyose kugirango yihute kwera imbuto zicyatsi.
Ku nyanya zimpeshyi cyangwa inyanya za alpine zihinga mugihe cyanyuma, ubushyuhe buragabanuka buhoro buhoro mugihe cyo gukura. Kugira ngo wirinde ubukonje, ethephon irashobora guterwa ku bimera cyangwa ku mbuto kugira ngo imbuto zeze hakiri kare.
1. Kumera
Kugirango wongere umuvuduko wo kumera kwimbuto nigipimo cyo kumera, kandi utume ingemwe nziza kandi zikomeye, urashobora gukoresha acide Gibberellic （GA3） 200-300 mg / L hanyuma ukanyunyuza imbuto mumasaha 6, sodium nitrophenolate compound ATN ） 6-8 mg / L hanyuma ushire imbuto mumasaha 6, hanyuma diacetate 10-12 mg / Izi ngaruka zishobora kugerwaho no gushiramo imbuto mumasaha 6.
2. Guteza imbere imizi
Koresha imizi ya Pinsoa king.Bishobora guteza imbere imizi niterambere, bityo uhinga ingemwe zikomeye.
3. Irinde gukura gukabije murwego rwo gutera
Kugirango wirinde ingemwe gukura igihe kirekire, kora interode ngufi, uruti rurerure, kandi ibihingwa bigufi kandi bikomeye, bizorohereza gutandukanya amababi yindabyo bityo bigashyiraho urufatiro rwo kongera umusaruro mugihe cyakurikiyeho, ibikurikira kugenzura imikurire yikimera birashobora gukoreshwa.
Chlorocholine chloride （CCC）
.
.
.
Nyamuneka menya mugihe ukoresheje: Chlorocholine chloride （CCC） ntabwo ibereye ingemwe zoroshye nubutaka bworoshye; kwibanda ntibishobora kurenga 500mg / L.
Ku ngemwe zemewe, gutera amababi ya 10-20mg / L paclobutrazol (Paclo) hamwe namababi yukuri 5-6 arashobora kugenzura neza imikurire ikomeye, ingemwe zikomeye kandi bigatera kumera kumera.
Icyitonderwa mugihe ukoresha: Igenzura cyane kwibanda, gutera neza, kandi ntutere inshuro nyinshi; irinde amazi kugwa mu butaka, irinde gukoresha imizi, kandi wirinde ibisigara mu butaka.
4. Irinde indabyo n'imbuto kugwa.
Mu rwego rwo gukumira indabyo n'imbuto biterwa no gukura kw'indabyo mu bihe by'ubushyuhe buke cyangwa hejuru, hashobora gukoreshwa ibihingwa bikura bikurikira:
Acide Naphthylacetic (NAA) iterwa kumababi hamwe na mg 10 / L Naphthylacetic aside (NAA)
Ifumbire ya sodium nitrophenolate (ATN) igomba guterwa kumababi hamwe na 4-6mg / L.
Ubuvuzi bwavuzwe haruguru burashobora gukumira neza kugabanuka kwindabyo nimbuto, kwihuta kwaguka kwimbuto, no kongera umusaruro hakiri kare.
5. Gutinda gusaza no kongera umusaruro
Mu rwego rwo guhashya ingemwe zangirika no kubaho kwa anthracnose, blight na virusi mugihe cyakurikiyeho, guhinga ingemwe zikomeye, kongera igipimo cyimbuto mugihe cyanyuma na nyuma, kongera imiterere yimbuto n'umusaruro, gutinda gusaza kwa igihingwa, kandi kongerera igihe cyo gusarura, gishobora kuvurwa hamwe nubuyobozi bukura bwibihingwa bikurikira:
. koresha 25-30 kg y'amazi. Murwego rwumurima, 12-15 mg / L ya DA-6 ukoreshe gutera amababi, buri 667m⊃2; 50kg yumuti urashobora gukoreshwa, kandi spray ya kabiri irashobora gukorwa nyuma yiminsi 10, yose ikeneye spray 2.
Brassinolide: Koresha 0.01mg / L brassinolide kugirango utere amababi mugihe cyo gutera, buri 667m⊃2; koresha 25-30 kg y'amazi. Murwego rwumurima, 0.05 mg / L brassinolide ikoreshwa mugutera ibiti, buri 667 m⊃2; koresha kg 50 yumuti, hanyuma utere inshuro ya kabiri buri minsi 7-10, byose bikenera spray 2.
6.Guteza imbere kwera hakiri kare inyanya
Ethephon: Ethephon ikoreshwa mu nyanya mugihe cyo gusarura kugirango imbuto zeze hakiri kare. Yakoreshejwe cyane mubikorwa kandi ifite ingaruka zidasanzwe.
Ntishobora gusa kwera hakiri kare no kongera umusaruro hakiri kare, ariko kandi ifasha cyane kwera inyanya nyuma.
Kubika no gutunganya ubwoko bwinyanya, kugirango byoroherezwe gutunganyirizwa hamwe, byose birashobora kuvurwa hamwe na ethephon, kandi ibiri muri lycopene, isukari, aside, nibindi mubinyanya bivurwa na ethephon bisa nibyimbuto zisanzwe zikuze.
Uburyo bwo kuyikoresha:
(1) Uburyo bwo gusebanya:
Iyo imbuto zinyanya zigiye kwinjira mugihe cyamabara (inyanya zihinduka umweru) uhereye kumurongo wicyatsi kandi ukuze, urashobora gukoresha igitambaro gito cyangwa uturindantoki twa gauze kugirango ushire muri 4000mg / L ethephon, hanyuma ubishyire kumyanya. imbuto. Ihanagura cyangwa uyikoreho. Imbuto zivuwe na ethephon zirashobora gukura iminsi 6-8 mbere, kandi imbuto zizaba nziza kandi zirabagirana.
(2) Uburyo bwo gushiramo imbuto:
Niba inyanya zinjiye mugihe cyo gutera amabara zatoranijwe hanyuma zeze, 2000 mg / L ethephon irashobora gukoreshwa mu gutera imbuto cyangwa gushiramo imbuto kumunota 1, hanyuma ugashyira inyanya ahantu hashyushye (22 - 25 ℃) cyangwa byeze mu nzu, ariko imbuto zeze ntizimeze neza nk'iziri ku bimera.
(3) Uburyo bwo gutera imbuto mu murima:
Ku gihe kimwe gisaruwe inyanya zitunganijwe, mugihe cyikura ryikura, mugihe imbuto nyinshi zahindutse umutuku ariko imbuto zimwe zicyatsi ntizishobora gukoreshwa mugutunganya, kugirango byihute gukura kwimbuto, 1000 mg / L igisubizo cya ethephon gishobora kuba yatewe ku gihingwa cyose kugirango yihute kwera imbuto zicyatsi.
Ku nyanya zimpeshyi cyangwa inyanya za alpine zihinga mugihe cyanyuma, ubushyuhe buragabanuka buhoro buhoro mugihe cyo gukura. Kugira ngo wirinde ubukonje, ethephon irashobora guterwa ku bimera cyangwa ku mbuto kugira ngo imbuto zeze hakiri kare.
