Inkcazo eneenkcukacha zoLawulo lokukhula kwezityalo ngenxa ye-cotton ye-cotton yande

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuphuculwa okuxhaphakileyo ukulinywa kwekotoni, iisityalo ezahlukeneyo zokukhula kwezityalo zidlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwekotoni. Ukunceda abalimi beCotton kunye neengcali kwabasetolisi, sikhangele uthungelwano lolwazi lokufumana izitshabalalisi se-China kwaye waqulunqa uluhlu lwezibulala-zinambuzane ezingama-286 ezibhalisiweyo kwi-cotton enesiphumo sokukhula. Eli nqaku lishwankathela ezona ntlobo ziphambili zoLawulo lokukhula kwezityalo ezisetyenziselwa ukwanda izivuno zekotoni.


[1. I-mepiquat chloride]
I-mepiquat chloride luhlobo lomlawuli wokukhula kwesityalo. Ifumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya izisombululo ezizenziweyo kunye nemida, kwaye uninzi lweentlobo ezingama-49 zibhalisiwe ukuze zisetyenziswe kwikotoni. Njengomlawuli wokukhula kwesityalo, i-mepiquat chloride inemisebenzi emininzi. Ngokufanelekileyo luthintela i-slongation yeseli kwaye uthintele i-biosynthesis yeGibberellins. Lo mlawuli ukhuthaza ukufunxa kwesondlo ngeengcambu, iziqu, kunye namagqabi, ngaloo ndlela kuvuselele i-chlorophyll synthesis. Ngokuthintela i-stem stem ye-stem kunye namasebe avelisa i-pheride, i-mepiquat ikhuthaza ubume bezityalo ezihlanganisiweyo, ukulibazisa ukuvala, ukuphucula ukungena kwendawo kunye nokuphucula i-photosynthesis. Ikwalawula ukukhula kwezityalo okugqithisileyo kwaye kunciphisa ukulahleka kwezakha mzimba. Ngokwenza i-viitrous yengcambu, i-mepiquat chloride ikhuthaza uphuhliso lweengcambu, kwaye inyuse inani leengcambulu zamva, ngaloo ndlela kuphumelayo ukunyangwa kwezityalo koxinzelelo, imbalela, kunye nokufaka i-terloging. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-mepiquat chloride kunokulawula ngempumelelo ibhalansi phakathi kokuzalwa kunye nokukhula kokuzala, ukukhuthaza intyatyambo, kunye nokuphucula i-geness ivuthwa, kunye nokuphucula isivuno seziqhamo, ekugqibeleni

[2. Chlormequat hloride]
Kukho iimveliso ezili-17 ze-chilormequat ze-chloride ezibhalisiweyo kwi-cotton kwimarike, kubandakanya imigudu ye-aced kunye neplanga. Ezi mveliso ziphelisa iziphumo zolawulo lokuhlala Njenge-gibberellist, i-chlormequat chloride ilawula ngokukhula kwekotoni, ukuthintela indawo yokuhlala ngelixa ikwandisa i-photosynthes kunye nokuphuculwa kwesivuno esisemgangathweni kunye nokuphucula isivuno kunye nokuphucula isivuno kunye nokuphucula isivuno esibonakalayo.

[3. I-Sodium Nitrophenelates (Antonik)]
Njengesiqinisekiso seselfowuni, isodium nitrophenetes (Antonik) bangena ngokukhawuleza umbutho wesityalo, ukukhuthaza ukuhamba kweeprofuwsts kunye nokukhawulezisa ukujikeleza. Esi sixhobo sikhuthaza amanqanaba okukhula kwesityalo, kubandakanya ukurhafisa, ukukhula, ukuveliswa nokusasazwa, ngakumbi ekukhuthazeni i-pollen tube kunye nokuphucula amandla okuchumisa kunye nokuphucula amandla kunye nokuchuma. Ngaphaya koko, inokunceda ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lwezityalo ezinje ngekotoni, ukukhuthaza ukuqhiya kwangoko, ukwaphula amandla okuhluma, kunye nokuncedisa ukunciphisa i-boll kunye ne-boll ehlekisayo, ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso. Ngokukodwa, ngokungafani ne-hormones yezityalo, isodium nitrophenolate (Antonik) inokusetyenziswa ngokuguquguqukayo kuwo wonke umjikelo wokukhula kwezityalo, ekuhlwayeleni ukuvuna.

I-Sodium Nitrophenolas ingena kakhulu kwizityalo, ngokuphucula ukuhamba kweeprotopthi, ukukhawulezisa kakhulu ukujikeleza. Le ngxaki yeseli yesityalo ibonisa izidanga ezahlukeneyo zefuthe lokukhuthaza amanqanaba ohlukeneyo okukhula kwesityalo, kubandakanya ukurhafisa, ukukhula, ukuveliswa kunye neziqhamo. Isicelo sayo siyaguquka kakhulu, sivumela iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinjengokutshiza kweFoliaar, imbewu ikhutshwe, ukunkcenkceshela, kunye nokubhubha kwe-chibe.



4. I-1-Naphthyl Acetic Acid (Naa)
I-Naphthyl Acetic Acid, njengomlawuli wokukhula kwesityalo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yekotoni. Ngomsebenzi wenkqubo, inceda ukuba izityalo zilondoloze iintyatyambo neziqhamo, inyusa iseti yeziqhamo, kwaye iphakamise ubungakanani beziqhamo kunye nokuqola kweziqhamo. Ngaphaya koko, uNaphyethyl Acetic Acid ulawulo lwekotoni egqithisileyo, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eyomeleleyo ngenxa yonyuso lwesivuno. Ngokukodwa, oko kukuthi sisithako esiphambili kwiingcango ezihambayo ezifumanekayo, zikhuthaze kakhulu i-rooting rooting.

I-5. I-Brasigolide (BRS)
I-Brasigolide, uMlawuli wokukhula kweSityalo seSteroros, ukunyusa amandla okuthintela indalo, aphucule amandla embewu, kwaye aphakamise ukukhula kweengcambu zempilo. Ikwalawula ukukhula kwezityalo, ukukhuthaza ubugqwetha kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwesichumisi. Ngapha koko, iphucula ukomelela kwesityalo kubacinezelo, njengembalela kwaye kubanda, kwaye kuphucula iseti yeziqhamo. Nokuba isetyenziswa yedwa okanye ngokudibeneyo nabanye abalawuli, uBrassinolide unokusetyenziswa njenge-scredct yokudibanisa ukonakala kweziyobisi okanye ukuthintela nokulawula izifo, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eyomeleleyo yemveliso yezolimo.

[6. I-28-pihomobibysulkolide]
Njengomlawuli wokukhula kweSityalo, i-28-epihomonide ibonisa imiphumo emibini emisibini: ikhuthaza icandelo leseli yezityalo kunye ne-elongwation ngelixa ixhasa ukukhula okuqinileyo kwenkqubo yenkqubo yeengcambu. Ngaphaya koko, iphucula i-fotosynthesis, ijongile amandla amatsha kwimveliso yezolimo.



[7. I-abscisic acid (i-S-ABA)]
I-Abscisic Acid (i-S-ABA), uMlawuli wokukhula kweSityalo seNdalo, egqwesa ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwezityalo. Inokuphembelela intetho yoxinzelelo oluxhaphakileyo, ngaloo ndlela ukuphucula umgangatho wokukhula kokukhula kunye nokuphucula amandla ayo okumelana neemeko ezigwenxa. Ngaphaya koko, i-abscisic acid (i-S-AB) yandisa imizila yokutyala, ikhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu zempilo, kwaye ikhuthaza i-synthesis kunye nokuqokelelwa kwezondlo. Ezi zibonelelo zidibeneyo zinceda ukuphucula umgangatho wezityalo kwaye zikhulise kakhulu isivuno.

[8. I-Indole-3-byyric acid (IBA)]
I-Indole-3-byyric acid (IBA), isityalo se-Endogenous Auxin, singena ngokulula umzimba wesityalo ngamagqabi, i-pidersis encinci, kunye nembewu, kwaye ithuthwe, kwaye ithuthwe, kwaye ithuthwe, kwaye ithuthwe kwiindawo ezihamba phambili. Le hormone ingenela umahluko we-primordia, ukukhuthaza ukukhula okukhawulezayo kunye nokukhawulezisa ukukhula kwengcambu kunye nophuhliso. Oku kungaphumeleli inani leengcambu ze-capillary kunye nobude beengcambu ze-Ateral, kodwa zikwanceda ekwakheni inkqubo yeengcambu eziqingqiweyo, zinokuchitha ixesha elithatyathwayo emva kokufakelwa kwenqanaba lokusinda kunye nokuchasana noxinzelelo kuxinzelelo. Ngaphaya koko, ikhuthaza ukwenziwa kweenkomfa, ukuvuselelwa kwenkqubo yeengcambu, kwaye komeleze isityalo, ngaloo ndlela kukuphucula isivuno.

9. Gibberellic Acid (GA3)
I-Gibberellic Acid, uMlawuli wokukhula kweSityalo, ukhona kwizityalo kwaye yi-hormone ephambili ekhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo nophuhliso. Iyontshusha ukuthintela ukukhula ezinjenge papicrazol kunye ne-chloromequat chloride, ngokudibeneyo kukukhula kwezityalo. I-Gibberellic Acid inyusa i-Sports, ikhuthaza ukwanda kwamagqabi kunye nolwandiso lwegqabi, kwaye isebenze i-interhenocarpy, ukutsha kokuqala kophuhliso lweziqhamo. Ngapha koko, inokwaphula imbewu, lungisa umyinge weentyatyambo ezingamadoda nabasetyhini, ifuthe elinentyatyambo, kwaye unciphise intyatyambo kunye nokuhla kweziqhamo. Xa i-Exngogellic Acid ingena isityalo, ineziphumo zomzimba ezifana ne-gondogellous gibberellins, zikhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo.



I-10. I-Diethyl Aminoteyl Hexanoate (DA-6)
I-DA-6 ineziphumo ezizezisiko ezibalulekileyo kunye nokukhulisa-ukukhuthaza umqhaphu. Iyonyusa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo we-chlorophyll, iproteyini, kunye ne-acid ye-nucleic kwisityalo, ngaloo ndlela sikhawuleze ifotosinthent kunye nokuphucula umsebenzi we-peroxidase kunye ne-nitrate demote. I-DA-6 ikwalawula nekhabhoni yesityalo kunye ne-nitrogen metabolism, iphucula amandla ayo okufumana amanzi kunye nezakha mzimba, kwaye inceda ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi ngaphakathi kwesityalo. Ezi ziphumo zidityaniswe ngokudibeneyo ukomeleza imbalela kunye nokunyamezelana kubandayo.

[11. I-ethephon]
I-ethephon ngumlawuli wokukhula okhuthaza ukuvuthwa kwezityalo. Nje ukuba ingene kwisityalo, ikhupha i-Ethylene esekwe kwi-PH yezicubu zezityalo, ngaloo ndlela isazela inkqubo yobisi lwetyala lesityalo. I-ebifon ikwaneziphumo ezibanzi, kubandakanya ukuthintela ukukhula okukhulayo, ukukhuthaza i-accien engasebenziyo, ukukhuthaza ukwahlula kweentyatyambo, ukukhuthaza ukumelana neengcambu zeengcambu.

[12. I-Thidiazuron (TDZ)]
I-Tatdiazuron (TDZ) yi-heterocyclic ye-teteracycclic ye-IDAMAIC yoMgaqo-nkqubo wokukhula oqhelekileyo osetyenziswa njenge-defoliant ukulinywa kwekotoni. Ithatyathwa ngamagqabi ekotoni, ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwesiqu sendalo phakathi kwesiqu, amagqabi, kunye ne-petiole, efezekisile ukuhla kwegqabi.

13. I-6-furfurylamininine Kinetin (6-kt)
I-Kinetin, isityalo se-endogenous cytokinin, inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ifaka ngokufanelekileyo umahluko wentyatyambo ye-bod, iphucula umgangatho we-quity, kwaye ikhuthaze ukwenziwa kweentyatyambo kwaye yonyusa inani leentyatyambo ezihle. Igcina iiendumiso neziqhamo, isoyiza, yomeleza iziqhamo, ilahle iziqhamo. I-Kinetin ikwaphucula ungcoliseko lwezityalo, ikhuthaza ukuseta iziqhamo, kulibaziseka ukwaluphala kwezityalo, kwaye ikhuthaza ukuzaliswa kweenkozo. Inokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamasebe angama-ofisi kunye ne-buds, ukunyusa umxholo we-chlorophyll, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ukuphucula i-photosyntheris ukusebenza kakuhle.