I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide Iinkcukacha
I-Brassinolide ngumlawuli wesithandathu omkhulu wokukhula kwezityalo owaziwayo kwihlabathi jikelele. Inemisebenzi yokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo, ukomeleza izityalo, ukunciphisa izifo, ukuthintela ingqele neqabaka, ukuqinisa ukusebenza kweziyobisi, ukuphelisa umonakalo wamachiza, ukuphucula umgangatho, nokwandisa isivuno.
Umgangatho woshishino we-brassinolide uchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba "i-Brassinolide ibhekisela kwisimbuku sesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zintlanu zilandelayo: i-24-epibrassinolide, i-22,23,24-trisepibrassinolide, i-28-epihomobrassinolide, i-28-homobrassinolide kunye ne-14-brassinoydrolide.
Phakathi kwabo, i-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide iyona kuphela i-brassinolide ekhutshwe kwi-pollen yezityalo zendalo. I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide ithathwa kwizityalo kwaye inomsebenzi ophezulu wezityalo, ukuhambelana okungcono nezityalo, ukukhuseleka kokusingqongileyo, kunye nokukhuseleka ngakumbi kukhuseleko lokutya. Ke ngoko, ithandwa kakhulu yintengiso kunye nabalimi, kwaye ukuthengiswa kwayo kwemveliso kukude kakhulu kwishishini lebrassinolide.
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Indima ye-14-Hydroxylated brassinolid
1. ukwanda kokusebenza
Ukongeza i-14-Hydroxylated xa usebenzisa i-fungicides, i-insecticide, i-herbicides okanye izichumisi ze-foliar I-Brassinolide inokuphucula i-physiological metabolism yezityalo, isantya sokufunxa kunye nokuqhutyelwa kwezithako ezisebenzayo zechiza (isichumisi) isisombululo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza usebenze kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo, ngaloo ndlela iphucula. ukusebenza kwechiza kunye nokunciphisa inani lemichiza esetyenziswayo.
I-15-Hydroxylated brassinolide ivela kwizityalo zendalo zezityalo, inokuhambelana okungcono kunye nezityalo kwaye ikhuselekile. Xa isetyenziswa kunye nezichumisi ze-pesticide foliar, inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukonakala kwechiza (isichumiso) kunye nokunciphisa iintsalela zezitshabalalisi.
2. Yomeleza ukunganyangeki kwezityalo kwaye unciphise ukumelana nezinambuzane nezifo
I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide inokuphucula kwaye ilinganise amanqanaba e-hormone yezityalo kwaye isebenze umsebenzi wee-enzymes ezininzi zokuzivikela kwizityalo. Ayinakuphucula kuphela ukuxhathisa kunye nokukwazi ukubuyiswa kwezityalo kwiinkxwaleko ezifana nembalela, ukuchithwa kwamanzi, kunye nobushushu obuphantsi, kodwa nokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwezityalo kwizinambuzane kunye nezifo, ukukhuthaza i-metabolism yezityalo, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa inani lezicelo zeziyobisi kunye nokunciphisa izinambuzane. kunye nokumelana nezifo.
3. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula, ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokwandisa isivuno
I-14-Hydroxylated Brassinolide ineempembelelo ezidityanisiweyo ze-cytokinin kunye ne-gibberellin, enokukhuthaza ukuhlukana kweeseli kunye nokwandisa, ikhuthaze ukukhula kwenxalenye engaphezulu komhlaba yezityalo kunye nenkqubo yeengcambu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye yandise umxholo we-chlorophyll yamagqabi, iphucule iphotosynthesis yamagqabi. , ukwandisa ukuqokelelana kweemveliso zephotosynthetic, nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo.
Kwangaxeshanye, i-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide nayo inefuthe lokukhuthaza ukwahlula-hlula kwe-lateral buds kunye ne-flower buds, ilawula inqanaba leehomoni ezingapheliyo kwizityalo, ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kokukhula kwemifuno ekukhuleni kokuzala, kunye nokwandisa inani kunye nomgangatho wezityalo. iintyatyambo. Ngaxeshanye, ikhuthaza ukwandiswa kwemibhobho ye-pollen kwaye inyuse izinga lokumisela iziqhamo kunye nesantya sokuqhama.
I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide ilawula isakhiwo sokubonelela ngezondlo, ihambisa izondlo kwiziqhamo, ikhuthaza ukukhula kunye nokuphuhliswa kweziqhamo, ukunciphisa iziqhamo ezibuthathaka kunye neziphene, ikhuthaza ukufunxa izondlo kunye nokusetyenziswa, kwaye ikhuthaza ngakumbi ukukhula okufanayo, ukwandiswa, kunye nokutshintsha kombala weziqhamo, njl., kwaye iphucula isivuno kunye nomgangatho weemveliso zezolimo.
I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide ekhutshwe kwizityalo zendalo Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izithako ze-brassinolide, i-sterol ye-brassinolide inomsebenzi ophezulu, umphumo ongcono wokunyusa, kulula ukuxutywa zizityalo, kwaye unomphumela ozinzile. Ingasetyenziswa kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxesha ahlukeneyo okukhula ukukhuthaza ukukhula, ukuhluma, ukudumba kweziqhamo, ukutshintsha kombala kunye nezinye iziphumo ezahlukeneyo.
4. Kuphephe kwaye usombulule umonakalo weziyobisi
I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide inokulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza amanqanaba eehomoni ezahlukeneyo ezingapheliyo emzimbeni, ihlanganise iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa i-nucleic acid kunye ne-protein synthesis, ukulungisa iiseli ezonakalisiweyo zezityalo ngokusebenzisa izicubu zesityalo se-callus, kunye nokuthintela kunye nokunciphisa umonakalo weziyobisi.
Ukusombulula kunye nokuphepha umonakalo weziyobisi, iimveliso ezineempembelelo ezikhawulezayo ziyafuneka. Itsalwe ngokwendalo i-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide ivela kwizityalo. Xa izityalo zonakaliswe ngamachiza, zinokufunxwa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokutshiza, kwaye umphumo ubonwa ngosuku olufanayo. Inomsebenzi ophezulu, ngokukhawuleza kunye nemiphumo ebalulekileyo.
Umgangatho woshishino we-brassinolide uchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba "i-Brassinolide ibhekisela kwisimbuku sesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zintlanu zilandelayo: i-24-epibrassinolide, i-22,23,24-trisepibrassinolide, i-28-epihomobrassinolide, i-28-homobrassinolide kunye ne-14-brassinoydrolide.
Phakathi kwabo, i-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide iyona kuphela i-brassinolide ekhutshwe kwi-pollen yezityalo zendalo. I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide ithathwa kwizityalo kwaye inomsebenzi ophezulu wezityalo, ukuhambelana okungcono nezityalo, ukukhuseleka kokusingqongileyo, kunye nokukhuseleka ngakumbi kukhuseleko lokutya. Ke ngoko, ithandwa kakhulu yintengiso kunye nabalimi, kwaye ukuthengiswa kwayo kwemveliso kukude kakhulu kwishishini lebrassinolide.
Indima ye-14-Hydroxylated brassinolid
1. ukwanda kokusebenza
Ukongeza i-14-Hydroxylated xa usebenzisa i-fungicides, i-insecticide, i-herbicides okanye izichumisi ze-foliar I-Brassinolide inokuphucula i-physiological metabolism yezityalo, isantya sokufunxa kunye nokuqhutyelwa kwezithako ezisebenzayo zechiza (isichumisi) isisombululo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza usebenze kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo, ngaloo ndlela iphucula. ukusebenza kwechiza kunye nokunciphisa inani lemichiza esetyenziswayo.
I-15-Hydroxylated brassinolide ivela kwizityalo zendalo zezityalo, inokuhambelana okungcono kunye nezityalo kwaye ikhuselekile. Xa isetyenziswa kunye nezichumisi ze-pesticide foliar, inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukonakala kwechiza (isichumiso) kunye nokunciphisa iintsalela zezitshabalalisi.
2. Yomeleza ukunganyangeki kwezityalo kwaye unciphise ukumelana nezinambuzane nezifo
I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide inokuphucula kwaye ilinganise amanqanaba e-hormone yezityalo kwaye isebenze umsebenzi wee-enzymes ezininzi zokuzivikela kwizityalo. Ayinakuphucula kuphela ukuxhathisa kunye nokukwazi ukubuyiswa kwezityalo kwiinkxwaleko ezifana nembalela, ukuchithwa kwamanzi, kunye nobushushu obuphantsi, kodwa nokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwezityalo kwizinambuzane kunye nezifo, ukukhuthaza i-metabolism yezityalo, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa inani lezicelo zeziyobisi kunye nokunciphisa izinambuzane. kunye nokumelana nezifo.
3. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula, ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokwandisa isivuno
I-14-Hydroxylated Brassinolide ineempembelelo ezidityanisiweyo ze-cytokinin kunye ne-gibberellin, enokukhuthaza ukuhlukana kweeseli kunye nokwandisa, ikhuthaze ukukhula kwenxalenye engaphezulu komhlaba yezityalo kunye nenkqubo yeengcambu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye yandise umxholo we-chlorophyll yamagqabi, iphucule iphotosynthesis yamagqabi. , ukwandisa ukuqokelelana kweemveliso zephotosynthetic, nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo.
Kwangaxeshanye, i-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide nayo inefuthe lokukhuthaza ukwahlula-hlula kwe-lateral buds kunye ne-flower buds, ilawula inqanaba leehomoni ezingapheliyo kwizityalo, ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kokukhula kwemifuno ekukhuleni kokuzala, kunye nokwandisa inani kunye nomgangatho wezityalo. iintyatyambo. Ngaxeshanye, ikhuthaza ukwandiswa kwemibhobho ye-pollen kwaye inyuse izinga lokumisela iziqhamo kunye nesantya sokuqhama.
I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide ilawula isakhiwo sokubonelela ngezondlo, ihambisa izondlo kwiziqhamo, ikhuthaza ukukhula kunye nokuphuhliswa kweziqhamo, ukunciphisa iziqhamo ezibuthathaka kunye neziphene, ikhuthaza ukufunxa izondlo kunye nokusetyenziswa, kwaye ikhuthaza ngakumbi ukukhula okufanayo, ukwandiswa, kunye nokutshintsha kombala weziqhamo, njl., kwaye iphucula isivuno kunye nomgangatho weemveliso zezolimo.
I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide ekhutshwe kwizityalo zendalo Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izithako ze-brassinolide, i-sterol ye-brassinolide inomsebenzi ophezulu, umphumo ongcono wokunyusa, kulula ukuxutywa zizityalo, kwaye unomphumela ozinzile. Ingasetyenziswa kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxesha ahlukeneyo okukhula ukukhuthaza ukukhula, ukuhluma, ukudumba kweziqhamo, ukutshintsha kombala kunye nezinye iziphumo ezahlukeneyo.
4. Kuphephe kwaye usombulule umonakalo weziyobisi
I-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide inokulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza amanqanaba eehomoni ezahlukeneyo ezingapheliyo emzimbeni, ihlanganise iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa i-nucleic acid kunye ne-protein synthesis, ukulungisa iiseli ezonakalisiweyo zezityalo ngokusebenzisa izicubu zesityalo se-callus, kunye nokuthintela kunye nokunciphisa umonakalo weziyobisi.
Ukusombulula kunye nokuphepha umonakalo weziyobisi, iimveliso ezineempembelelo ezikhawulezayo ziyafuneka. Itsalwe ngokwendalo i-14-Hydroxylated brassinolide ivela kwizityalo. Xa izityalo zonakaliswe ngamachiza, zinokufunxwa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokutshiza, kwaye umphumo ubonwa ngosuku olufanayo. Inomsebenzi ophezulu, ngokukhawuleza kunye nemiphumo ebalulekileyo.
