Amagqabantshintshi abalawuli bokukhula kwezityalo kwisityalo se-thrurt

Iintlobo zehomoni yezityalo
Okwangoku, iihomoni ezivunyiweyo ziwela kwiziko ezintlanu eziphambili: I-AUXIns, GIBERELLIN, EHYLINEE, CYTOKININ, kunye ne-ABCISISIC ACID. Ukongeza, iBransinolide, i-Polyamines, iSalicylic Acid, kwaye i-jasmonic acid ibonisa iipropathi zeHormone, ekhokelele abanye ukuze babahlelele kwiindidi ezisithoba.

Kwisityalo se-thrurt yesityalo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhuliswa kwezityalo zisetyenziswa, ngaphezulu kweendidi ezingama-40. Umzekelo, ukukhuthazana kwezityalo kubandakanya i-Gibberellic Acid (GA3), i-Naphthyl Acetic Acid (Naa), i-Naa), i-Iyole Acetic Acid (i-IAA), i-Inale-Boyaccic Acid (IBA), kunye ne-2,4 d; Izityalo zokukhula kwezityalo zibandakanya i-abscisic acid, i-Syanidin, kunye ne-triodidozic acid; kunye nokukhula kokukhulisa ukutyala zibandakanya palclobutrazol (pacc), i-chlolorquequat chloride, kwaye i-uniconzale.

Imisebenzi yezityalo zokukhula kwezityalo
Izityalo zokukhula kwezityalo zisebenza ngokwenza intetho yesifo sokuqala, ukutshintsha iipropathi zodonga kwaye zibenze zibe ngamandla, kukufumana ukukhula kweseli. Banokuphembelela umsebenzi we-enzyme, ngaloo ndlela bakhuthaza okanye bathintele i-nucleic synthesis synthesis. Aba basimi banokuguqula iindlela ezithile zemetabolic, ukukhuthaza okanye ukuthintele ukwahlulahlula iiseli kunye ne-elongwation, kunye nokuphembelela intetho yezifo.

Izityalo zokukhula kwezityalo zikhuthaza i-ilongwetion yeseli, ukwahlulahlula-hlula, ngaloo ndlela zikhawulezileyo zokukhula. Bakhangela kwakhona ukubekwa kweengcambu kwaye baqulunqa iingcambu zengcambu, ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kweentyatyambo zentyatyambo, kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelela kwiiseti ezinkulu zeziqhamo. Aba basimilisi kukhuthaza ukwahlula-tywina kwe-COCUS kunye negalelo ekumiselweni kwe-Apical Official, malunga nokuthintela ukukhula kwe-Buds. Banokwaphula i-artional kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhluma. Bangakwazi nokuthintela ukukhula kwe-lattal okukhula ngokuthe nkqo kwaye bangenisa i-parhenocarty.

Aba balawuli bathintela i-stem shoutyas ngelixa kusenyuka umsebenzi wokuphefumla kunye neseli yodonga lweseli. Zikwakhuthaza iziqhamo, amagqabi kunye neziqhamo ezihla, kwaye batyale i-sullcence. Ngaphaya koko, baphula i-sport, ukukhuthaza ukubekwa kwe-hloke kunye nokuhamba. Kwelinye icala, abalawuli bokukhula kwezityalo banokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo, ngaloo ndlela bathintela i-Budding.

Iplanethi yokukhula kweplanethi
Ngelixa kuhlolisisa indlela abalawuli bokukhula kwetyala abachaphazela ngayo ukukhula kwezityalo, kubalulekile ukuba iqonde indlela abalawuli abalwenziwa ngayo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zabalawuli kufuneka zenziwe kusetyenziswa iinyikima ezifanelekileyo, zilandelayo ukulinganisa kunye neendlela zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokhuseleko.

Ngenxa yokuba izityalo ezahlukeneyo zokukhula kwezityalo zineempawu ezahlukileyo zomhlaba, kubalulekile ukukhetha isoyile esifanelekileyo sokuchithwa. Uninzi lokukhula kwezityalo luqhankqalazi ngamanzi kwaye lunyibilikiswa ngakumbi kwizinyibilikisi zendalo. Ukuqonda iindlela ezahlukeneyo zoLawulo lokukhula kwezityalo kunye nezinyibilikisi zazo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo kubalulekile ngexesha lokwenziwa.

Imizekelo yesiqhelo yeziqithi
Ummiselo wokuhluma kwembewu
Izityalo zokukhula kwezityalo ezinjengeGibberellic Acid (GA3) zinokwaphula ngokufanelekileyo imbewu ye-citrus, ipepile, i-orenji, i-hazelnut, kunye ne-papaya, ukukhuthaza ukuhluma.

Izicwangciso zokupasa
Ukusika iidiliya, ukuthoba isiseko sezinto ezisikiweyo kwi-50mg / l I I-9 iiyure okanye i-50m: 0ml / / i-NAA yeeyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwe-12 ngokukhuthaza ukubhalwa. I-α-naa inokukhuthaza ukuthoba i-Tomato, i-Eggplant, iPepper, kunye nokusika i-Ccucumber.

Iziqhamo kunye nokuthintela intyatyambo kunye nokuhla kweziqhamo
Ukutshiza i-Apple, i-Pear, kunye noHawthorn Ukusika kwi-Peak Ixesha kwi-25-50mg / 0mg /2 I-LA3 inokunyusa umgangatho weziqhamo ezisetiweyo. Kwangelo xesha, kwiitamatisi, amaqanda, ipepile kunye ne-pingsmelons, ukutshiza i-20 mg i-2,4-D okanye i-4-4-I-4-40 mg / l of Goomenon yokuwela iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo.

Itekhnoloji ye-Pistlate yeTekhnoloji yokuqhelanisa
I-Foliaha igxile kugxininiso olwahlukileyo loLawulo lokukhula kwezityalo kumanqanaba okukhula kwamakhrethi anokuphelisa okanye ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kweentyatyambo zepistillate. Ngokukodwa, xa i-ccumber inamagqabi ayi-1-3, i-SPRAY 100-200 MG / l ye-ethephon.

I-Sport yeziqhamo engenasifo
During the flowering period of hawthorn, spraying 50 mg/L of GA3 effectively induces parthenocarpy, meaning fruit formation occurs directly without fertilization. Ngokufanayo, ngaphambi kokubetha, ukuntywila iidiliya nge-200 mg / le ye-GA3 idityaniswa nesisombululo esincinci se-streptomycin, ikwalandelana ngokusenza i-gesing kwakhona kwiveki kamva, inokuphinda isebenze kwakhona kwiveki kamva, inokuphinda ibekwe kwiveki kamva, inokuphinda isebenze kwakhona.

Ukukhula kweziqhamo kunye nokuphucula isivuno
Ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo zokukhula kwezityalo kunokunyusa kakhulu ubunzima beziqhamo. Ngexesha le-Peak Darring ye-Apples, ukutshiza i-20 mg / l ye-BA inokunyusa ubunzima beziqhamo. Ngaphaya koko, kwiipere kunye neepere, ukutshiza i-50 mg / le ye-AUxin xa isiqhamo esincinci siqala ukudumba kunokukhuthaza ukukhula kweziqhamo. Kwiikherothi kunye nee-radis, ukutshiza ukukhula kwenqanaba lokukhula kwengcambu yenqanaba lesigaba sokuzila kunokukhuthaza ukukhula kunye nokonyusa ubungakanani beengcambu.

Ukukhawulezisa ukuvuthwa kweziqhamo:Abalawuli abathi banjenge-ethephon banokuphelisa iziqhamo zokuqala ngaphambi kokuba iziqhamo zivuthiwe. Ukutshiza iiapile kwi-800-1000 inkqubo yokuxinana kwe-ethophofon kwiiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kungakhanyiswa ngokufanelekileyo.

Amacebo amaqhinga okunciphisa iziqhamo:Emva kwethuba le-Peak Darring yeapile, ufaka iziqu ezifana ne-NAA inokufumana intyatyambo kunye neziqhamo ezincitshiswa ngokutshiza i-naa, i-carbaryl, kunye ne-6-BA.

Ukulawula isiqu kunye nokukhula kwegqabi:NgoMeyi, ukutshiza nge-2000 mg / l o / l of paclobutrazol (pacc) inokulawula ngokukhulayo kokukhula okutsha kwi-Kiwofru. Kwimithi ye-periach yasentwasahlobo, ukutshiza i-1000 MG / L kwiPacCobutrazol (pacloble) Xa amagqabi amatsha efikelela ekukhuleni okugqithisileyo.

Ukuhambisa kunye nolawulo lweentyatyambo
Abalawuli abatshiza kwi-celery kunye ne-lettuce xa babenamagqabi ama-3-4 amagqabi ayinyani anokuphakamisa ukubola nokudubula. Iklabishi yaseTshayina, ukutshiza okuphezulu kwe-MH kwi-37 amagqabi ayinyani kuyacetyiswa ukuba ithintele umahluko weentyatyambo.

Iindlela zokwenza iindlela zokuchitha
I-cucugumbers ye-devicumumbers ngokutshiza nge-ethephon ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweziqhamo ngokufanelekileyo. I-foliaar itshisa nge-150-200 mg / i-ethephon inokuqaliswa emva kokuba igqabi lokuqala le-cuccumber lingafezekanga.

Iindlela zokugcina ezintsha zokugcina
Abalawuli abanjengeSalicylic Acid banokwandisa ubomi beshelufu yeentyatyambo ezinqumlweyo kunye neziqhamo.

Amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuze asetyenziswe
Xa usenza isicelo sokukhula kwesityalo, nikela ingqalelo kwizityalo, ugxininiso, kunye nexesha, kwaye ugcine iziphumo zendalo esingqongileyo kunye neziphumo zabantu. Qinisekisa ukuba uMlawuli wokukhula kwesityalo uhambelana nesityalo ekujolise kuwo ukunqanda ukuphendula okuchaseneyo. Landela indlela echanekileyo yesicelo kunye noxinzelelo ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo. Nika ingqalelo ixesha lokugcina ixesha kunye nemeko yokusingqongileyo ukwandisa ukusebenza kwempumelelo yomlawuli wokukhula kwesityalo.