Izityalo zehormoni kunye nezityalo zokukhula kwezityalo zikhusela yonke inkqubo yokukhula kwezityalo kwimveliso yezolimo yanamhlanje

Utyala ihormoni kunye nezityalo zokukhula ngokuchaza ngokuchanekileyo ukulawula ukukhula kwezityalo, uphuhliso, kunye neenkqubo zokungahloneli koxinzelelo kwimveliso yale mihla. Ngaxeshanye, ubudlelwane obunzima obunzima kunye nokuchasana nobudlelwane bukho phakathi kwehomoni yezityalo kunye nezityalo zokukhula, ukulawula ngokudibeneyo wonke umjikelo wobomi besityalo.


I. Ukuhlwayela kunye nenqanaba lokutyala: Ukubeka isiseko sezivuno eziphakamileyo

1. Ukwaphula i-pormoble kwaye ukhuthaze iyunifomu kunye nezithole ezinamandla.
Enye imbewu (enje ngeetyhubhu zetapile, irayisi, kunye nembewu yengqolowa) zinamaxesha amade, anokulibazisa ukutyala. I-SOD okanye i-tubers kwi-Gibberellic Acid (GA3) inokwaphula ngokufanelekileyo ukukhulisa imbewu, kwaye ikhulise ukukhula kwembewu, kwaye isiphumo sokuvela ngokukhawuleza nangokufanayo.

I-2. Ukukhuthaza ukungcangcazela kunye nokukhawulezisa ukusasazwa.
Ukunyanga isiseko sezinto ezisikiweyo kunye nemigudu esekwe kwi-AUXIN (i-rooting powder) njenge-1-Naaphthyl Acetic Acid (i-Naa) inokusinda kakhulu (i-Naa) efana ne-rocum, ukuze iphile, ngaloo ndlela ukuphuculwa ngokusebenza kakuhle.


II. Inqanaba lokukhula kwezityalo: Ukulawula ukukhula kunye nokubumba ubume besityalo esifanelekileyo

1. Ukulawula ukukhula, ukunyusa isivuno kunye nengeniso.
Kwimveliso yemifuno, esebenzisa isilawuli sokukhula esifana neGa3 Dam-6 sinokukhuthaza ukukhula kweziliphu njengeklabishi yaseTshayina kunye nokwandisa isivuno. Kwisithuba se-cotton, ukusetyenziswa kwe-mepiquat chloride kusetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuthintela ukukhula kwezityalo, ukukhusela ukukhula okugqithisileyo, kunye nokukhula kwesondlo ukubonelela nge-cotton ye-cotton kunye nengeniso.

Ukulawula ukukhula kwezityalo okugqithileyo kunye nokuthintela indawo yokuhlala.
Izityalo ezinje ngengqolowa kunye nerayisi zithambekele ekukhuleni kwezityalo ezigqithisileyo xa zityhutywe kwaye zininzi, ezikhokelela kwindawo yokuhlala okanye inkunkuma yesondlo. Amafama asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo asebenzisa i-retards efana ne-chloloquat phelorde, papclobutrazol, kwaye i-uniconzale, ayisebenzise njengamanqanaba aphambili okukhula). Oku kuthintela i-stem shoutyation, ikhuthaza iziqu ezinamanzi kunye nenkqubo yeengcambu eziphuhlisayo ngakumbi, ziphucula ukumelana nokunganyangeki, kunye nemilo yemo yesityalo esifanelekileyo.


III. Inqanaba lokuHanjiswa kunye neziqhamo: Ukugcina iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo, ukumisela isivuno

I-1. Ukuphembelela iintyatyambo kunye nokulawula ixesha lokudubula.
I-ga3 gibberellic acid yimpazamo eyaziwayo. " Kwizityalo ezifuna amaqondo obushushu asezantsi okanye iintsuku ezinde ziye kwiintyatyambo (ezinje ngemifuno ethile kunye neentyatyambo), ukutshiza i-GA3 Gibberellic Acid kunokukhupha i-dufity, inika imveliso yexesha lexesha. I-ethephon, kwelinye icala, ikhuthaza ukwahlula kweentyatyambo zabasetyhini kwezinye izityalo (ezinjengee-Melons kunye nezityalo ezineolimo), ukwandisa inani leziqhamo. Kwimveliso ye-TAMAITO, unyango nge-ethephon inokukhuthaza ukuqhovuza iyunifomu, okukhokelela ekuvutheni ngokungaguqukiyo kunye nokwenza lula ulawulo kunye nokuvuna.

2. Intyatyambo kunye nokulondolozwa kweziqhamo kunye nokuncipha.
Phantsi kweemeko ezinxaxhileyo sokusingqongileyo (ezinje ngeqondo lobushushu elisezantsi kunye nembalela), amaqanda amaqanda kunye neziqhamo ze-citrus athambekele kwintyatyambo kunye nokuhla kweziqhamo. Ukutshiza nge-AUXIS (2,4-D), Ga3 (Gibberellic Acid), njl njl. Iintyatyambo ezigqithileyo kunye neziqhamo zineziqhamo kunye nemifuno inokukhokelela kwiziqhamo ezincinci kwaye inciphise umgangatho. Ukutshiza nge-AUXIns (NAA), i-abccisic acid, njl njl.


Iv. Ukuphuhliswa kweziqhamo kunye nokuthandwa: ukuphucula umgangatho kunye nexabiso

1. Ukukhuthaza ukwandiswa kweziqhamo.

Ukusebenzisa isiphumo se-cytokinins kunye ne-Gibberellic Acid kunokukhuthaza ukwahlula kweseli kunye ne-elongwation, ebangela ukwandiswa kweziqhamo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphatha iziqhamo ezincinci ezinje ngeediliya, i-Kiwiifruit, kunye ne-Chiwiflons nge-chlolorifos okanye i-ThiamethoXhoman inokuphakamisa ukwahlula-hlula, kwaye inokuvelisa iziqhamo zeziqhamo, kwaye zinokuvelisa iziqhamo ezingenaziqhamo.

2. Ikhuthaza ukuvuthwa iziqhamo kunye nemibala.

Ngexesha lokuvuthwa kweziqhamo okanye emva kokuvunwa, ukuthambisa okanye ukutshiza nge-ethephon kukhupha igesi, ekhokelela ekuguquleleni i-chlossion, ekhokelela ekuqulunqweni kwe-hloshmen, ekhokelela ekuvukeni kwe-antcocynins), ngaloo ndlela befumana imibala evuthiweyo. I-ethephon idla ngokusetyenziswa ukukhuthaza ukuvuthwa kweziqhamo ezinjengeetamati, iibhanana, kunye neziqhamo zeCitrus. Umzekelo, iibhanana zihlala zivunwa xa ziluhlaza kwaye ziqinile, emva koko zavuthwa zityheli zisebenzisa i-ethephon emva kokuhamba kwindawo yokuthengisa.

I-3. Ikhuthaza ukugcinwa nokulibaziseka.

Abalawuli baseCytokinin (njenge-6-Benzylamomongomomongomomongomonotine (6-BA)) zihlala zisetyenziswa. Ukuvunyelwa kweposi kutshiza okanye ukuthathwa kwemifuno enamagqabi (enje nge-celery kunye ne-lettuce) kunye neentyatyambo zinokulonakalisa umbala oqaqambileyo we-chlorophyll, ukugcinwa kombala oluhlaza oqaqambileyo, kunye nokwandisa ubomi beshelf.

4. Ukuphucula ukumelana noxinzelelo
Ukuhlala iihormoni kunye nolawulo lokukhula kwetyala kunokunceda nezityalo ezihlangabezana neemeko ezimbi. Ngelixa i-abscisic acid (i-ABA) ikhuthaza i-sunescence, ikwasebenza njenge "cinezela Ukuchasana Noxinzelelo" kwizityalo. Ukutshiza ngaphambi kwemeko ezigwenxa kuya kuvula iindlela zokukhusela izityalo, ezinje ngokuvalwa kwe-scourta kunye nokuqokelelwa kwabalawuli be-osmoting, ngaloo ndlela iphucule imbaleki, nembalela kunye netyuwa. Xa i-herbicides isetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga, ukutshiza iBrasinolide (BRS) inokulawula imeko ye-Crop, inceda ukuba iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde ikhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye inciphise umonakalo we-herbicide.

Kufuneka sifunde ukusebenzisa ihomoni yezityalo kunye nezityalo zokukhula ngokutsha kunye nezenzululwazi ukufezekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lomjikelo wobomi besivuno, ekugqibeleni ukufezekisa ukuncitshiswa kwesivuno, ekunciphiseni impumelelo, kunye nokuncitshiswa kweendleko.