Umahluko wePaclobutrazol, uniconazole, iChlormequat Chloride, kunye neMepiquat chloride
Ukukhula ngamandla kwesityalo kunempembelelo enkulu ekukhuleni kwesityalo . Izityalo ezikhula ixesha elide zineziqu kunye namagqabi amatsha, amagqabi amancinci namakhulu, amagqabi aluhlaza, kunye nezityalo ezishinyeneyo, ezikhokelela ekungeneni komoya okungenamsoco kunye nokuhanjiswa lula, ukufuma okugqithisileyo, ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwezifo, kunye nokuba sengozini yezifo; ngenxa yokukhula kwezityalo, kakhulu. izondlo zigxininise ukubonelela ukukhula kwezikhondo kunye namagqabi, okukhokelela ekuqhumeni kweentyatyambo kunye nokuwa kweziqhamo.
Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokukhula ngamandla, izityalo zibawa kwaye zivuthwa kade. Okubi kakhulu kukuba izityalo zezityalo ezinamandla zinee-internodes ezide, iziqu ezincinci, ukuqina okungahambi kakuhle kunye nokunwebeka.Ziya kuwela phantsi xa zidibana nemimoya enamandla, enganciphisi ngokuthe ngqo isivuno, kodwa yenza ukuvuna kube nzima ngakumbi kwaye kwandisa iindleko zemveliso.
Izilawuli ezine zokukhula kwezityalo, i-Paclobutrazol, i-Uniconazole, i-Chlormequat Chloride, kunye ne-Mepiquat chloride, zonke zilawula ukukhula kwezityalo ngexesha elifutshane ngokuthintela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Gibberellic acid kwizityalo.Ithintela ukukhula kwezityalo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kokuzala, inqanda izityalo ekukhuleni ngamandla kunye nemilenze, izityalo ezincinci, yenza mfutshane i-internodes, iphucula ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo, njl., yenza izityalo zibe neentyatyambo ezininzi, i-tillers, kunye neziqhamo, ukwandisa umxholo we-chlorophyll, kwaye uphucula. ukumelana noxinzelelo.Ukuphucula iphotosynthesis, ngaloo ndlela ulawula ukukhula kunye nokwandisa isivuno.
I-Paclobutrazol ingasetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo ezininzi zentsimi kunye nezityalo zorhwebo, njengerayisi, ingqolowa, ingqolowa, udlwengulo, iimbotyi zesoya, umqhaphu, i-peanut, iitapile, i-apile, i-citrus, icherry, imango, i-lychee, ipesika, ipere, icuba, njl. kwinqanaba lezithole naphambi nasemva kwenqanaba lokuntshula. Imithi yeziqhamo isetyenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukumila kwesithsaba kunye nokuthintela ukukhula okutsha. Ingatshizwa, igungxulwe okanye inkcenkceshelwe.
Inefuthe elibalulekileyo kwizithole ze rapeseed kunye nerayisi.
Iimbonakalo:
uluhlu olubanzi lwesicelo, isiphumo esilungileyo solawulo lokukhula, ukusebenza okude, kunye nomsebenzi olungileyo webhayoloji. Nangona kunjalo, kulula ukubangela iintsalela zomhlaba, eziya kuchaphazela ukukhula kwesityalo esilandelayo, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide. Kwimihlaba apho kusetyenziswa iPaclobutrazol, kungcono ukulima umhlaba phambi kokutyala isityalo esilandelayo.
I-Uniconazole ngokuqhelekileyo iyafana ne-paclobutrazole ekusetyenzisweni nasekusetyenzisweni.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Paclobutrazol, i-Uniconazole inolawulo olunamandla kunye nefuthe lokubulala inzala kwizityalo kwaye ikhuselekile ukuyisebenzisa.
Iimbonakalo:
Ukusebenza okunamandla, intsalela ephantsi, kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokuba i-Uniconazole inamandla kakhulu, ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwinqanaba lembewu yemifuno emininzi (iMepiquat chloride ingasetyenziswa), kwaye inokuchaphazela ngokulula ukukhula kwezithole.
I-Chlormequat Chloride yi-quaternary ammonium yokulawula ukukhula kwesityalo setyuwa.Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwinqanaba lezithole njengePaclobutrazol. Umahluko ngowokuba iChlormequat Chloride isetyenziswa kakhulu kumanqanaba okudubula kweentyatyambo neziqhamo, kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kwizityalo ezinexesha elifutshane lokukhula.
I-Chlormequat Chloride ngumlawuli wokukhula kwesityalo esinetyhefu esezantsi enokuthi ingene kwizityalo ngamagqabi, amasebe, amagqabi, iingcambu, kunye nembewu, inqanda i-biosynthesis ye-Gibberellic acid kwizityalo.
Umsebenzi wayo ophambili we-physiological kukulawula ukukhula kwezityalo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kokuzala, ukunciphisa i-internodes yesityalo, ukwenza isityalo sibe mfutshane, somelele, sityebile, sinenkqubo yeengcambu eziphuhliswe kakuhle, ukumelana nokulala, ukuba namagqabi amnyama aluhlaza, ukwandisa umxholo we-chlorophyll, ukwandisa i-photosynthesis, ukwandisa izinga lokumisela iziqhamo, kwaye unokuphucula umgangatho kunye nesivuno; kwangaxeshanye, inokuphucula ukuxhathisa ingqele, ukunganyangeki kwembalela, ukuxhathisa kwetyuwa-alkali, izifo kunye nokumelana nezinambuzane kunye nolunye uxinzelelo lwezityalo ezithile.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Paclobutrazol kunye ne-Uniconazole, i-Mepiquat chloride ineempawu ezincinci zonyango,ukhuseleko oluphezulu, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa. Ingasetyenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zezityalo kwaye ngokusisiseko akukho ziphumo bezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwayo kufutshane kwaye kubuthathaka, kwaye umphumo wayo ekulawuleni ukukhula okugqithisileyo umbi kakhulu. Ingakumbi kwezo zityalo zikhula ngamandla, kufuneka zisetyenziswe amaxesha amaninzi ukulawula ukukhula.
I-Mepiquat chloride luhlobo olutsha lokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Paclobutrazol kunye ne-Uniconazole, iyancipha, ayicaphuki kwaye inokhuseleko oluphezulu.
Imepiquat chloride ingagalelwa ngokwesiseko kuwo onke amanqanaba ezityalo, nakwinqanaba lezithole kunye neentyantyambo xa izityalo zinovelwano kakhulu kumachiza. I-Mepiquat chloride ayinayo imiphumo emibi kwaye ayinayo i-phytotoxicity. Kunokuthiwa yeyona nto ikhuselekileyo kwimarike.
Iimbonakalo:
I-Mepiquat chloride inokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye neshelufu ebanzi. Nangona kunjalo, nangona inempembelelo yokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kwayo kufutshane kwaye kubuthathaka, kwaye isiphumo sayo solawulo sibi kakhulu. Ngokukodwa kwezo zityalo zikhula ngamandla, zisoloko zifuneka. Sebenzisa amaxesha amaninzi ukufezekisa iziphumo ezifunwayo.
I-Paclobutrazol idla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-seedling kunye nezigaba zokudubula, kwaye ilungile kumantongomane, kodwa inefuthe eliphakathi kwizityalo zasekwindla nasebusika; I-Chlormequat Chloride isetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha leentyantyambo kunye nezigaba zeziqhamo, kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kwizityalo ezinexesha elifutshane lokukhula, iMepiquat chloride ithambile, kwaye emva komonakalo, i-Brassinolide inokutshiza okanye ukunkcenkceshela ukwandisa ukuchuma ukunciphisa ingxaki.
Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokukhula ngamandla, izityalo zibawa kwaye zivuthwa kade. Okubi kakhulu kukuba izityalo zezityalo ezinamandla zinee-internodes ezide, iziqu ezincinci, ukuqina okungahambi kakuhle kunye nokunwebeka.Ziya kuwela phantsi xa zidibana nemimoya enamandla, enganciphisi ngokuthe ngqo isivuno, kodwa yenza ukuvuna kube nzima ngakumbi kwaye kwandisa iindleko zemveliso.
Izilawuli ezine zokukhula kwezityalo, i-Paclobutrazol, i-Uniconazole, i-Chlormequat Chloride, kunye ne-Mepiquat chloride, zonke zilawula ukukhula kwezityalo ngexesha elifutshane ngokuthintela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Gibberellic acid kwizityalo.Ithintela ukukhula kwezityalo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kokuzala, inqanda izityalo ekukhuleni ngamandla kunye nemilenze, izityalo ezincinci, yenza mfutshane i-internodes, iphucula ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo, njl., yenza izityalo zibe neentyatyambo ezininzi, i-tillers, kunye neziqhamo, ukwandisa umxholo we-chlorophyll, kwaye uphucula. ukumelana noxinzelelo.Ukuphucula iphotosynthesis, ngaloo ndlela ulawula ukukhula kunye nokwandisa isivuno.
I-Paclobutrazol ingasetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo ezininzi zentsimi kunye nezityalo zorhwebo, njengerayisi, ingqolowa, ingqolowa, udlwengulo, iimbotyi zesoya, umqhaphu, i-peanut, iitapile, i-apile, i-citrus, icherry, imango, i-lychee, ipesika, ipere, icuba, njl. kwinqanaba lezithole naphambi nasemva kwenqanaba lokuntshula. Imithi yeziqhamo isetyenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukumila kwesithsaba kunye nokuthintela ukukhula okutsha. Ingatshizwa, igungxulwe okanye inkcenkceshelwe.
Inefuthe elibalulekileyo kwizithole ze rapeseed kunye nerayisi.
Iimbonakalo:
uluhlu olubanzi lwesicelo, isiphumo esilungileyo solawulo lokukhula, ukusebenza okude, kunye nomsebenzi olungileyo webhayoloji. Nangona kunjalo, kulula ukubangela iintsalela zomhlaba, eziya kuchaphazela ukukhula kwesityalo esilandelayo, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide. Kwimihlaba apho kusetyenziswa iPaclobutrazol, kungcono ukulima umhlaba phambi kokutyala isityalo esilandelayo.
I-Uniconazole ngokuqhelekileyo iyafana ne-paclobutrazole ekusetyenzisweni nasekusetyenzisweni.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Paclobutrazol, i-Uniconazole inolawulo olunamandla kunye nefuthe lokubulala inzala kwizityalo kwaye ikhuselekile ukuyisebenzisa.
Iimbonakalo:
Ukusebenza okunamandla, intsalela ephantsi, kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokuba i-Uniconazole inamandla kakhulu, ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwinqanaba lembewu yemifuno emininzi (iMepiquat chloride ingasetyenziswa), kwaye inokuchaphazela ngokulula ukukhula kwezithole.
I-Chlormequat Chloride yi-quaternary ammonium yokulawula ukukhula kwesityalo setyuwa.Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwinqanaba lezithole njengePaclobutrazol. Umahluko ngowokuba iChlormequat Chloride isetyenziswa kakhulu kumanqanaba okudubula kweentyatyambo neziqhamo, kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kwizityalo ezinexesha elifutshane lokukhula.
I-Chlormequat Chloride ngumlawuli wokukhula kwesityalo esinetyhefu esezantsi enokuthi ingene kwizityalo ngamagqabi, amasebe, amagqabi, iingcambu, kunye nembewu, inqanda i-biosynthesis ye-Gibberellic acid kwizityalo.
Umsebenzi wayo ophambili we-physiological kukulawula ukukhula kwezityalo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kokuzala, ukunciphisa i-internodes yesityalo, ukwenza isityalo sibe mfutshane, somelele, sityebile, sinenkqubo yeengcambu eziphuhliswe kakuhle, ukumelana nokulala, ukuba namagqabi amnyama aluhlaza, ukwandisa umxholo we-chlorophyll, ukwandisa i-photosynthesis, ukwandisa izinga lokumisela iziqhamo, kwaye unokuphucula umgangatho kunye nesivuno; kwangaxeshanye, inokuphucula ukuxhathisa ingqele, ukunganyangeki kwembalela, ukuxhathisa kwetyuwa-alkali, izifo kunye nokumelana nezinambuzane kunye nolunye uxinzelelo lwezityalo ezithile.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Paclobutrazol kunye ne-Uniconazole, i-Mepiquat chloride ineempawu ezincinci zonyango,ukhuseleko oluphezulu, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa. Ingasetyenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zezityalo kwaye ngokusisiseko akukho ziphumo bezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwayo kufutshane kwaye kubuthathaka, kwaye umphumo wayo ekulawuleni ukukhula okugqithisileyo umbi kakhulu. Ingakumbi kwezo zityalo zikhula ngamandla, kufuneka zisetyenziswe amaxesha amaninzi ukulawula ukukhula.
I-Mepiquat chloride luhlobo olutsha lokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Paclobutrazol kunye ne-Uniconazole, iyancipha, ayicaphuki kwaye inokhuseleko oluphezulu.
Imepiquat chloride ingagalelwa ngokwesiseko kuwo onke amanqanaba ezityalo, nakwinqanaba lezithole kunye neentyantyambo xa izityalo zinovelwano kakhulu kumachiza. I-Mepiquat chloride ayinayo imiphumo emibi kwaye ayinayo i-phytotoxicity. Kunokuthiwa yeyona nto ikhuselekileyo kwimarike.
Iimbonakalo:
I-Mepiquat chloride inokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye neshelufu ebanzi. Nangona kunjalo, nangona inempembelelo yokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kwayo kufutshane kwaye kubuthathaka, kwaye isiphumo sayo solawulo sibi kakhulu. Ngokukodwa kwezo zityalo zikhula ngamandla, zisoloko zifuneka. Sebenzisa amaxesha amaninzi ukufezekisa iziphumo ezifunwayo.
I-Paclobutrazol idla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-seedling kunye nezigaba zokudubula, kwaye ilungile kumantongomane, kodwa inefuthe eliphakathi kwizityalo zasekwindla nasebusika; I-Chlormequat Chloride isetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha leentyantyambo kunye nezigaba zeziqhamo, kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kwizityalo ezinexesha elifutshane lokukhula, iMepiquat chloride ithambile, kwaye emva komonakalo, i-Brassinolide inokutshiza okanye ukunkcenkceshela ukwandisa ukuchuma ukunciphisa ingxaki.
