Ubuchwepheshe bokufafaza umanyolo we-Foliar kanye nezindaba ezidinga ukunakwa
1. Ukufafaza komanyolo wemifino wemifino kufanele kuhluke ngokuya ngemifino
⑴ Imifino enamahlamvu.
Isibonelo, iklabishi, isipinashi, isikhwama somalusi, njll. zidinga i-nitrogen eningi. Ukufafaza umanyolo kufanele kube ikakhulukazi i-urea ne-ammonium sulfate. Ukuhlushwa kokufafaza kwe-urea kufanele kube ngu-1-2%, futhi i-ammonium sulfate kufanele ibe ngu-1.5%. Fafaza izikhathi ezi-2-4 ngesizini ngayinye, okungcono ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokukhula.
⑵ Ikhabe nemifino yezithelo.
Isibonelo, upelepele, ama-eggplant, utamatisi, ubhontshisi namakhabe ahlukahlukene anesidingo esilinganiselwe se-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Isixazululo esixubile se-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium noma umanyolo ohlanganisiwe kufanele usetshenziswe. Fafaza u-1 ~ 2% we-urea kanye no-0.3 ~ 0.4% wesisombululo esixubile se-potassium dihydrogen phosphate noma isisombululo sikamanyolo esihlanganisiwe esingu-2%.
Ngokuvamile, fafaza izikhathi ezingu-1 ~ 2 ezigabeni zokukhula zakuqala nezakamuva. Ukufafaza ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavimbela ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuthuthukise amandla, futhi kube nomphumela omuhle wokwandisa isivuno.
⑶ Imifino yezimpande nesiqu.
Isibonelo, u-garlic, u-anyanisi, isithombo, amazambane nezinye izitshalo zidinga i-phosphorus ne-potassium eyengeziwe. Umanyolo we-Foliar ungakhethwa ku-0.3% yesisombululo se-potassium dihydrogen phosphate kanye no-10% wokukhipha umlotha wokhuni. Ngokuvamile, fafaza izikhathi ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 ngesizini ngayinye ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono.
2. Izikhathi lapho kudingeka khona umanyolo we-foliar:
① Lapho uhlangabezana nezinambuzane nezifo, ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-foliar kunenzuzo ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nezifo kwezitshalo;
② Uma inhlabathi ine-acidic, i-alkaline noma usawoti uphezulu kakhulu, ongeke ukwazi ukumunca imisoco yesitshalo;
③ Isikhathi sokuthela izithelo;
④ Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sihlangabezane nokulimala komoya, ukulimala kokushisa noma isithwathwa, ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele sokusebenzisa umanyolo we-foliar kunenzuzo ukudambisa izimpawu.
3. Izikhathi lapho kungcono kakhulu ukuthi ungasebenzisi umanyolo we-foliar:
① Isikhathi sokuqhakaza; izimbali zithambile futhi zisengozini yokulimala kukamanyolo;
② Isiteji sezithombo;
③ Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nesikhathi sokukhanya esiqinile phakathi nosuku.
4. Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene kufanele kuqondiswe
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zomanyolo we-foliar othengiswa emakethe, ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, izakhi ze-potassium, izakhi zokulandelela, ama-amino acid, i-humic acid, izilawuli zokukhula nezinye izinhlobo.
Ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi: lapho umanyolo oyisisekelo unganele, umanyolo wamaqabunga ikakhulukazi aqukethe i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium ingasetshenziswa; lapho umanyolo wesisekelo wanele, umanyolo wamaqabunga ikakhulukazi oqukethe izakhi zokulandelela ungasetshenziswa.
5. Ukunyibilika komanyolo wamaqabunga kufanele kube kuhle futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokushesha lapho usulungisiwe
Njengoba umanyolo we-foliar ulungiswa ngokuqondile ube yizixazululo zokufafaza, umanyolo we-foliar kufanele uncibilike emanzini. Uma kungenjalo, izinto ezingancibiliki kumanyolo we-foliar ngeke zimuncwe kuphela ngemva kokufuthwa phezu kwezitshalo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zibangele nomonakalo emaqabunga.
Izakhiwo zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali omanyolo zinquma ukuthi ezinye izakhamzimba ziwohloka kalula, ngakho-ke amanye ama-fertilizer amahlamvu kufanele asetshenziswe ngokushesha lapho elungiswa futhi ngeke agcinwe isikhathi eside.
6. I-asidi kamanyolo we-foliar kufanele ifanele
Izakhamzimba zinezimo ezihlukene zobukhona ngaphansi kwamanani e-pH ahlukene. Ukuze kwandiswe izinzuzo zomanyolo, kufanele kube nebanga le-asidi elifanelekile, ngokuvamile elidinga inani le-pH lika-5-8. Uma inani le-pH liphezulu kakhulu noma liphansi kakhulu, ngaphezu kokuthinta ukumuncwa kwezakhi, kuzolimaza nezitshalo.
7. Ukugcwala komanyolo we-foliar kufanele kube ngokufanele
Njengoba umanyolo we-foliar ufafazwa ngokuqondile emaqabunga engxenyeni engaphezulu yezitshalo, umphumela wokuvimbela izitshalo kumanyolo mincane kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi kahle ukugxila kokufafaza kukamanyolo we-foliar. Uma ukugxila kuphansi kakhulu, inani lezakhi ezivezwe izitshalo lincane, futhi umphumela awubonakali; uma ukugxila kuphezulu kakhulu, kuzovame ukushisa amaqabunga futhi kubangele ukulimala komanyolo.
Umanyolo ofanayo wamahlamvu unokugxilisa okuhlukene kokufafaza ezitshalweni ezahlukene, okufanele kunqunywe ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo.
8. Isikhathi sokufafaza ngomanyolo we-foliar kufanele sifaneleke
Umphumela wokufakwa kukamanyolo we-foliar uhlobene ngokuqondile nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, amandla omoya, njll. Kungcono ukukhetha usuku olungenamoya noluguqubele noma usuku olunomswakama ophezulu kanye nokuhwamuka okuphansi ngaphambi kwehora lesi-9 ekuseni ngokufafaza ngamahlamvu. Kungcono ukufafaza emva kuka-4 ntambama. Uma lina emahoreni angu-3 kuya kwangu-4 ngemva kokufafaza, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphinde ufuthwe.
9. Khetha indawo efanele yokufafaza
Amaqabunga kanye neziqu zezingxenye ezingaphezulu, ezimaphakathi neziphansi zesitshalo zinemisebenzi ehlukene ye-metabolic, futhi amandla abo okumunca imisoco evela emazweni angaphandle ahluka kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo efanele yokufafaza.
10. Ukufafaza ngesikhathi esibucayi sokukhula kwezitshalo
Izitshalo zimunca futhi zisebenzise umanyolo ngokuhlukile ezigabeni zokukhula ezihlukene. Ukuze kwandiswe izinzuzo zomanyolo we-foliar, isikhathi esibucayi kakhulu sokufafaza umanyolo kufanele sikhethwe ngokuvumelana nezimo zokukhula kwezitshalo ezahlukene ukuze kutholakale umphumela omuhle kakhulu.
Isibonelo, amandla okumunca impande yezitshalo zegramineous ezifana nokolweni nelayisi aba buthaka ngesikhathi sokukhula sekwephuzile. Ukuvundiswa kwamahlamvu kunganezela umsoco futhi kwandise inani nesisindo sokusanhlamvu; ukufafaza ngesikhathi sokuthela kwekhabe kunganciphisa ukuwohloka kwembali nezithelo futhi kwandise izinga lokuthela ikhabe.
11. Izithasiselo
Lapho ufutha isisombululo somanyolo emaqabunga, engeza izithasiselo ezifanele ukuze ukwandise ukunamathela kwesisombululo somanyolo emaqabunga ezitshalo futhi ukhuthaze ukumuncwa kukamanyolo.
12. Hlanganisa nokuvundiswa kwenhlabathi
Ngenxa yokuthi izimpande zinesimiso sokumunca esikhulu nesiphelele kunamahlamvu, kunqunywa ukuthi kudingeka ukuvundiswa kwamahlamvu angaphezu kuka-10 ukuze kuzuzwe inani eliphelele lemisoco emuncwa izimpande ukuze uthole imisoco eminingi njengenitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium. . Ngakho-ke, ukuvundiswa kwamahlamvu akukwazi ukuthatha indawo ngokuphelele yokuvundisa kwezimpande zezitshalo futhi kufanele kuhlanganiswe nokuvundiswa kwezimpande.
Inani likamanyolo wamaqabunga asetshenzisiwe lincane, umphumela uyashesha futhi usobala, futhi izinga lokusebenzisa umanyolo liyathuthukiswa. Kuyindlela eyongayo futhi esebenzayo yokuvundisa, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kweqabunga kwezinye izakhi zokulandelela kuhluke kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele futhi sibone ukuthi ukuvundiswa kwamahlamvu kuyinkinga kakhulu futhi kufuna umsebenzi onzima. Iphinde ithinteke kalula yizimo zezulu. Ngenxa yezinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukene kanye nezikhathi zokukhula, imiphumela yokuvundiswa kwamahlamvu iyehluka kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa kahle ubuchwepheshe bokuvundisa i-foliar ngesisekelo sokuvundiswa kwezimpande ukuze unikeze umdlalo ogcwele endimeni kamanyolo we-foliar ekwandiseni ukukhiqizwa kanye nemali engenayo.
⑴ Imifino enamahlamvu.
Isibonelo, iklabishi, isipinashi, isikhwama somalusi, njll. zidinga i-nitrogen eningi. Ukufafaza umanyolo kufanele kube ikakhulukazi i-urea ne-ammonium sulfate. Ukuhlushwa kokufafaza kwe-urea kufanele kube ngu-1-2%, futhi i-ammonium sulfate kufanele ibe ngu-1.5%. Fafaza izikhathi ezi-2-4 ngesizini ngayinye, okungcono ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokukhula.
⑵ Ikhabe nemifino yezithelo.
Isibonelo, upelepele, ama-eggplant, utamatisi, ubhontshisi namakhabe ahlukahlukene anesidingo esilinganiselwe se-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Isixazululo esixubile se-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium noma umanyolo ohlanganisiwe kufanele usetshenziswe. Fafaza u-1 ~ 2% we-urea kanye no-0.3 ~ 0.4% wesisombululo esixubile se-potassium dihydrogen phosphate noma isisombululo sikamanyolo esihlanganisiwe esingu-2%.
Ngokuvamile, fafaza izikhathi ezingu-1 ~ 2 ezigabeni zokukhula zakuqala nezakamuva. Ukufafaza ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavimbela ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuthuthukise amandla, futhi kube nomphumela omuhle wokwandisa isivuno.
⑶ Imifino yezimpande nesiqu.
Isibonelo, u-garlic, u-anyanisi, isithombo, amazambane nezinye izitshalo zidinga i-phosphorus ne-potassium eyengeziwe. Umanyolo we-Foliar ungakhethwa ku-0.3% yesisombululo se-potassium dihydrogen phosphate kanye no-10% wokukhipha umlotha wokhuni. Ngokuvamile, fafaza izikhathi ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 ngesizini ngayinye ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono.
2. Izikhathi lapho kudingeka khona umanyolo we-foliar:
① Lapho uhlangabezana nezinambuzane nezifo, ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-foliar kunenzuzo ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nezifo kwezitshalo;
② Uma inhlabathi ine-acidic, i-alkaline noma usawoti uphezulu kakhulu, ongeke ukwazi ukumunca imisoco yesitshalo;
③ Isikhathi sokuthela izithelo;
④ Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sihlangabezane nokulimala komoya, ukulimala kokushisa noma isithwathwa, ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele sokusebenzisa umanyolo we-foliar kunenzuzo ukudambisa izimpawu.
3. Izikhathi lapho kungcono kakhulu ukuthi ungasebenzisi umanyolo we-foliar:
① Isikhathi sokuqhakaza; izimbali zithambile futhi zisengozini yokulimala kukamanyolo;
② Isiteji sezithombo;
③ Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nesikhathi sokukhanya esiqinile phakathi nosuku.
4. Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene kufanele kuqondiswe
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zomanyolo we-foliar othengiswa emakethe, ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, izakhi ze-potassium, izakhi zokulandelela, ama-amino acid, i-humic acid, izilawuli zokukhula nezinye izinhlobo.
Ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi: lapho umanyolo oyisisekelo unganele, umanyolo wamaqabunga ikakhulukazi aqukethe i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium ingasetshenziswa; lapho umanyolo wesisekelo wanele, umanyolo wamaqabunga ikakhulukazi oqukethe izakhi zokulandelela ungasetshenziswa.
5. Ukunyibilika komanyolo wamaqabunga kufanele kube kuhle futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokushesha lapho usulungisiwe
Njengoba umanyolo we-foliar ulungiswa ngokuqondile ube yizixazululo zokufafaza, umanyolo we-foliar kufanele uncibilike emanzini. Uma kungenjalo, izinto ezingancibiliki kumanyolo we-foliar ngeke zimuncwe kuphela ngemva kokufuthwa phezu kwezitshalo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zibangele nomonakalo emaqabunga.
Izakhiwo zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali omanyolo zinquma ukuthi ezinye izakhamzimba ziwohloka kalula, ngakho-ke amanye ama-fertilizer amahlamvu kufanele asetshenziswe ngokushesha lapho elungiswa futhi ngeke agcinwe isikhathi eside.
6. I-asidi kamanyolo we-foliar kufanele ifanele
Izakhamzimba zinezimo ezihlukene zobukhona ngaphansi kwamanani e-pH ahlukene. Ukuze kwandiswe izinzuzo zomanyolo, kufanele kube nebanga le-asidi elifanelekile, ngokuvamile elidinga inani le-pH lika-5-8. Uma inani le-pH liphezulu kakhulu noma liphansi kakhulu, ngaphezu kokuthinta ukumuncwa kwezakhi, kuzolimaza nezitshalo.
7. Ukugcwala komanyolo we-foliar kufanele kube ngokufanele
Njengoba umanyolo we-foliar ufafazwa ngokuqondile emaqabunga engxenyeni engaphezulu yezitshalo, umphumela wokuvimbela izitshalo kumanyolo mincane kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi kahle ukugxila kokufafaza kukamanyolo we-foliar. Uma ukugxila kuphansi kakhulu, inani lezakhi ezivezwe izitshalo lincane, futhi umphumela awubonakali; uma ukugxila kuphezulu kakhulu, kuzovame ukushisa amaqabunga futhi kubangele ukulimala komanyolo.
Umanyolo ofanayo wamahlamvu unokugxilisa okuhlukene kokufafaza ezitshalweni ezahlukene, okufanele kunqunywe ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo.
8. Isikhathi sokufafaza ngomanyolo we-foliar kufanele sifaneleke
Umphumela wokufakwa kukamanyolo we-foliar uhlobene ngokuqondile nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, amandla omoya, njll. Kungcono ukukhetha usuku olungenamoya noluguqubele noma usuku olunomswakama ophezulu kanye nokuhwamuka okuphansi ngaphambi kwehora lesi-9 ekuseni ngokufafaza ngamahlamvu. Kungcono ukufafaza emva kuka-4 ntambama. Uma lina emahoreni angu-3 kuya kwangu-4 ngemva kokufafaza, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphinde ufuthwe.
9. Khetha indawo efanele yokufafaza
Amaqabunga kanye neziqu zezingxenye ezingaphezulu, ezimaphakathi neziphansi zesitshalo zinemisebenzi ehlukene ye-metabolic, futhi amandla abo okumunca imisoco evela emazweni angaphandle ahluka kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo efanele yokufafaza.
10. Ukufafaza ngesikhathi esibucayi sokukhula kwezitshalo
Izitshalo zimunca futhi zisebenzise umanyolo ngokuhlukile ezigabeni zokukhula ezihlukene. Ukuze kwandiswe izinzuzo zomanyolo we-foliar, isikhathi esibucayi kakhulu sokufafaza umanyolo kufanele sikhethwe ngokuvumelana nezimo zokukhula kwezitshalo ezahlukene ukuze kutholakale umphumela omuhle kakhulu.
Isibonelo, amandla okumunca impande yezitshalo zegramineous ezifana nokolweni nelayisi aba buthaka ngesikhathi sokukhula sekwephuzile. Ukuvundiswa kwamahlamvu kunganezela umsoco futhi kwandise inani nesisindo sokusanhlamvu; ukufafaza ngesikhathi sokuthela kwekhabe kunganciphisa ukuwohloka kwembali nezithelo futhi kwandise izinga lokuthela ikhabe.
11. Izithasiselo
Lapho ufutha isisombululo somanyolo emaqabunga, engeza izithasiselo ezifanele ukuze ukwandise ukunamathela kwesisombululo somanyolo emaqabunga ezitshalo futhi ukhuthaze ukumuncwa kukamanyolo.
12. Hlanganisa nokuvundiswa kwenhlabathi
Ngenxa yokuthi izimpande zinesimiso sokumunca esikhulu nesiphelele kunamahlamvu, kunqunywa ukuthi kudingeka ukuvundiswa kwamahlamvu angaphezu kuka-10 ukuze kuzuzwe inani eliphelele lemisoco emuncwa izimpande ukuze uthole imisoco eminingi njengenitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium. . Ngakho-ke, ukuvundiswa kwamahlamvu akukwazi ukuthatha indawo ngokuphelele yokuvundisa kwezimpande zezitshalo futhi kufanele kuhlanganiswe nokuvundiswa kwezimpande.
Inani likamanyolo wamaqabunga asetshenzisiwe lincane, umphumela uyashesha futhi usobala, futhi izinga lokusebenzisa umanyolo liyathuthukiswa. Kuyindlela eyongayo futhi esebenzayo yokuvundisa, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kweqabunga kwezinye izakhi zokulandelela kuhluke kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele futhi sibone ukuthi ukuvundiswa kwamahlamvu kuyinkinga kakhulu futhi kufuna umsebenzi onzima. Iphinde ithinteke kalula yizimo zezulu. Ngenxa yezinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukene kanye nezikhathi zokukhula, imiphumela yokuvundiswa kwamahlamvu iyehluka kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa kahle ubuchwepheshe bokuvundisa i-foliar ngesisekelo sokuvundiswa kwezimpande ukuze unikeze umdlalo ogcwele endimeni kamanyolo we-foliar ekwandiseni ukukhiqizwa kanye nemali engenayo.
