Ifumbire mvaruganda yo gutera imiti nibibazo bikeneye kwitabwaho
1. Ifumbire mvaruganda itera imboga igomba gutandukana ukurikije imboga
Vegetable Imboga zifite amababi.
Kurugero, imyumbati, epinari, isakoshi yumwungeri, nibindi bisaba azote nyinshi. Gutera ifumbire bigomba kuba ahanini urea na sulfate ya amonium. Gutera gutera urea bigomba kuba 1 ~ 2%, na sulfate ya amonium igomba kuba 1.5%. Koresha inshuro 2 ~ 4 muri saison, nibyiza mugihe cyambere cyo gukura.
⑵ Imboga n'imboga n'imbuto.
Kurugero, urusenda, ingemwe, inyanya, ibishyimbo hamwe na melon zitandukanye zikenera ugereranije na azote, fosifore na potasiyumu. Hagomba gukoreshwa igisubizo kivanze cya azote, fosifore na potasiyumu cyangwa ifumbire mvaruganda. Shira 1 ~ 2% urea na 0.3 ~ 0.4% potasiyumu dihydrogen fosifate ivanze cyangwa 2% ifumbire mvaruganda.
Mubisanzwe, utere inshuro 1 ~ 2 mugihe cyambere cyo gutinda no gutinda. Gutera ibyiciro bitinze birashobora gukumira gusaza imburagihe, kongera imbaraga, kandi bigira ingaruka nziza zo kongera umusaruro.
Imboga n'imizi.
Kurugero, tungurusumu, igitunguru, radis, ibirayi nibindi bimera bikenera fosifore na potasiyumu. Ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora gutoranywa muri 0.3% potasiyumu dihydrogen fosifate hamwe na 10% bivamo ivu ryibiti. Mubisanzwe, shyira inshuro 3 kugeza kuri 4 muri saison kugirango ubone ibisubizo byiza.
2. Ibihe mugihe hakenewe ifumbire y amababi:
① Iyo uhuye n'udukoko n'indwara, gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda ni ingirakamaro mu kunoza indwara ziterwa n'ibimera;
② Iyo ubutaka burimo aside, alkaline cyangwa umunyu mwinshi cyane, ibyo bikaba bidafasha igihingwa kwinjiza intungamubiri;
Period Igihe cyo kwera imbuto;
④ Nyuma yuko igihingwa gihuye n’ibyuka byangiza ikirere, kwangirika kwubushyuhe cyangwa kwangirika kwubukonje, guhitamo igihe gikwiye cyo gukoresha ifumbire y amababi ni byiza kugabanya ibimenyetso.
3. Ibihe mugihe ari byiza kudakoresha ifumbire mvaruganda:
Period Igihe cyo kurabyo; indabyo ziroroshye kandi zishobora kwangirika kwifumbire;
Stage Intambwe yo gutera;
Temperature Ubushyuhe bwinshi nigihe cyumucyo gikomeye kumunsi.
4. Guhitamo ibintu bitandukanye bigomba kuba bigamije
Kugeza ubu, hari amoko menshi y’ifumbire mvaruganda igurishwa ku isoko, cyane cyane nka azote, fosifore, intungamubiri za potasiyumu, ibintu bikurikirana, aside amine, aside humic, igenzura ry’imikurire n’ubundi bwoko.
Muri rusange abantu bemeza ko: iyo ifumbire fatizo idahagije, ifumbire y amababi cyane cyane irimo azote, fosifore na potasiyumu irashobora gukoreshwa; iyo ifumbire fatizo ihagije, ifumbire y amababi cyane cyane irimo ibintu bishobora gukoreshwa.
5. Ihinduka ry'ifumbire mvaruganda igomba kuba nziza kandi igomba gukoreshwa ikimara gutegurwa
Kubera ko ifumbire y amababi yateguwe neza mubisubizo byo gutera, ifumbire y amababi igomba gushonga mumazi. Bitabaye ibyo, ibintu bitangirika mu ifumbire y’ibabi ntibizakirwa gusa nyuma yo guterwa hejuru y’ibihingwa, ariko rimwe na rimwe bikanangiza amababi.
Imiterere n’ifumbire mvaruganda bigena ko intungamubiri zimwe na zimwe zoroshye kwangirika, bityo ifumbire mvaruganda imwe nimwe igomba gukoreshwa ikimara gutegurwa kandi ntishobora kubikwa igihe kirekire.
6. Acide yifumbire mvaruganda igomba kuba ikwiye
Intungamubiri zifite imiterere itandukanye yo kubaho munsi ya pH zitandukanye. Kugirango wongere inyungu zifumbire, hagomba kubaho urugero rwa acide ikwiye, mubisanzwe bisaba pH agaciro ka 5-8. Niba agaciro ka pH kari hejuru cyane cyangwa kari hasi cyane, usibye kugira ingaruka ku iyinjizwa ryintungamubiri, bizangiza kandi ibimera.
7. Ubwinshi bwifumbire mvaruganda igomba kuba ikwiye
Kubera ko ifumbire ya foliar iterwa ku mababi y’igice cyo hejuru cy’ibihingwa, ingaruka ziterwa n’ibiti ku ifumbire ni nto cyane.
Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa kumenya kwibanda ku gutera ifumbire mvaruganda. Niba kwibumbira hamwe ari bike, ingano yintungamubiri zigaragara ku bihingwa ni nto, kandi ingaruka ntizigaragara; niba kwibumbira hamwe ari byinshi, bizatwika amababi kandi byangiza ifumbire.
Ifumbire mvaruganda imwe ifite ubunini butandukanye bwo gutera ku bihingwa bitandukanye, bigomba kugenwa ukurikije ubwoko bwibihingwa.
8. Igihe cyo gutera ifumbire mvaruganda kigomba kuba gikwiye
Ingaruka zo gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda ifitanye isano itaziguye nubushyuhe, ubushuhe, imbaraga zumuyaga, nibindi nibyiza guhitamo umunsi utagira umuyaga nigicu cyangwa umunsi ufite ubuhehere bwinshi nubushyuhe buke mbere ya saa cyenda za mugitondo kugirango utere amababi. Nibyiza gutera nyuma ya saa yine z'ijoro. Niba imvura iguye nyuma yamasaha 3 kugeza kuri 4 nyuma yo gutera, birakenewe kongera gutera.
9. Hitamo urubuga rukwiye rwo gutera
Amababi n'ibiti by'ibice byo hejuru, hagati na hepfo y'ibimera bifite ibikorwa bitandukanye byo guhinduranya, kandi ubushobozi bwabo bwo gukuramo intungamubiri ziva hanze biratandukanye cyane. Birakenewe guhitamo ikibanza gikwiye cyo gutera.
10. Gutera mugihe gikomeye cyo gukura kwibihingwa
Ibihingwa bikurura kandi bigakoresha ifumbire muburyo butandukanye bwo gukura. Kugirango hongerwe inyungu zifumbire mvaruganda, igihe gikomeye cyo gutera ifumbire kigomba gutoranywa ukurikije imiterere yikura ryibihingwa bitandukanye kugirango bigerweho neza.
Kurugero, ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza imizi yibihingwa ngengabukungu nk'ingano n'umuceri bigabanuka mugihe cyo gukura gutinze. Ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora kuzuza imirire no kongera umubare nuburemere bwibinyampeke; gutera mugihe cyimbuto za watermelon birashobora kugabanya indabyo nimbuto no kongera imbuto ya watermelon.
11. Ongeraho inyongeramusaruro
Iyo utera ifumbire mvaruganda kumababi, ongeramo inyongeramusaruro zikwiye kugirango wongere ifumbire yumuti wamafumbire kumababi yibihingwa kandi utezimbere ifumbire.
12. Huza ifumbire mvaruganda
Kubera ko imizi ifite uburyo bunini kandi bwuzuye bwo kwinjiza kuruta amababi, hemejwe ko hakenerwa ifumbire mvaruganda irenga 10 kugira ngo igere ku ntungamubiri zose zinjizwa n'imizi ku ntungamubiri nyinshi nka azote, fosifore, na potasiyumu. . Kubwibyo, ifumbire y amababi ntishobora gusimbuza rwose ifumbire mvaruganda yibihingwa kandi igomba guhuzwa nifumbire mizi.
Ingano y’ifumbire mvaruganda ikoreshwa ni nto, ingaruka zirihuta kandi ziragaragara, kandi ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire riratera imbere. Nigipimo cyuburumbuke bwubukungu kandi bunoze, cyane cyane gukoresha amababi yibintu bimwe na bimwe byihariye.
Ariko rero, dukwiye kubona kandi ko ifumbire mvaruganda itoroshye kandi ikora cyane. Irashobora kandi kwibasirwa nuburyo bwimiterere yikirere. Bitewe n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibihingwa n'ibihe byo gukura, ingaruka zo gufumbira amababi ziratandukanye cyane.
Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe gukoresha neza tekinoloji y’ifumbire mvaruganda hashingiwe ku ifumbire mvaruganda kugirango igire uruhare runini ku ruhare rw’ifumbire mvaruganda mu kongera umusaruro n’amafaranga.
Vegetable Imboga zifite amababi.
Kurugero, imyumbati, epinari, isakoshi yumwungeri, nibindi bisaba azote nyinshi. Gutera ifumbire bigomba kuba ahanini urea na sulfate ya amonium. Gutera gutera urea bigomba kuba 1 ~ 2%, na sulfate ya amonium igomba kuba 1.5%. Koresha inshuro 2 ~ 4 muri saison, nibyiza mugihe cyambere cyo gukura.
⑵ Imboga n'imboga n'imbuto.
Kurugero, urusenda, ingemwe, inyanya, ibishyimbo hamwe na melon zitandukanye zikenera ugereranije na azote, fosifore na potasiyumu. Hagomba gukoreshwa igisubizo kivanze cya azote, fosifore na potasiyumu cyangwa ifumbire mvaruganda. Shira 1 ~ 2% urea na 0.3 ~ 0.4% potasiyumu dihydrogen fosifate ivanze cyangwa 2% ifumbire mvaruganda.
Mubisanzwe, utere inshuro 1 ~ 2 mugihe cyambere cyo gutinda no gutinda. Gutera ibyiciro bitinze birashobora gukumira gusaza imburagihe, kongera imbaraga, kandi bigira ingaruka nziza zo kongera umusaruro.
Imboga n'imizi.
Kurugero, tungurusumu, igitunguru, radis, ibirayi nibindi bimera bikenera fosifore na potasiyumu. Ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora gutoranywa muri 0.3% potasiyumu dihydrogen fosifate hamwe na 10% bivamo ivu ryibiti. Mubisanzwe, shyira inshuro 3 kugeza kuri 4 muri saison kugirango ubone ibisubizo byiza.
2. Ibihe mugihe hakenewe ifumbire y amababi:
① Iyo uhuye n'udukoko n'indwara, gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda ni ingirakamaro mu kunoza indwara ziterwa n'ibimera;
② Iyo ubutaka burimo aside, alkaline cyangwa umunyu mwinshi cyane, ibyo bikaba bidafasha igihingwa kwinjiza intungamubiri;
Period Igihe cyo kwera imbuto;
④ Nyuma yuko igihingwa gihuye n’ibyuka byangiza ikirere, kwangirika kwubushyuhe cyangwa kwangirika kwubukonje, guhitamo igihe gikwiye cyo gukoresha ifumbire y amababi ni byiza kugabanya ibimenyetso.
3. Ibihe mugihe ari byiza kudakoresha ifumbire mvaruganda:
Period Igihe cyo kurabyo; indabyo ziroroshye kandi zishobora kwangirika kwifumbire;
Stage Intambwe yo gutera;
Temperature Ubushyuhe bwinshi nigihe cyumucyo gikomeye kumunsi.
4. Guhitamo ibintu bitandukanye bigomba kuba bigamije
Kugeza ubu, hari amoko menshi y’ifumbire mvaruganda igurishwa ku isoko, cyane cyane nka azote, fosifore, intungamubiri za potasiyumu, ibintu bikurikirana, aside amine, aside humic, igenzura ry’imikurire n’ubundi bwoko.
Muri rusange abantu bemeza ko: iyo ifumbire fatizo idahagije, ifumbire y amababi cyane cyane irimo azote, fosifore na potasiyumu irashobora gukoreshwa; iyo ifumbire fatizo ihagije, ifumbire y amababi cyane cyane irimo ibintu bishobora gukoreshwa.
5. Ihinduka ry'ifumbire mvaruganda igomba kuba nziza kandi igomba gukoreshwa ikimara gutegurwa
Kubera ko ifumbire y amababi yateguwe neza mubisubizo byo gutera, ifumbire y amababi igomba gushonga mumazi. Bitabaye ibyo, ibintu bitangirika mu ifumbire y’ibabi ntibizakirwa gusa nyuma yo guterwa hejuru y’ibihingwa, ariko rimwe na rimwe bikanangiza amababi.
Imiterere n’ifumbire mvaruganda bigena ko intungamubiri zimwe na zimwe zoroshye kwangirika, bityo ifumbire mvaruganda imwe nimwe igomba gukoreshwa ikimara gutegurwa kandi ntishobora kubikwa igihe kirekire.
6. Acide yifumbire mvaruganda igomba kuba ikwiye
Intungamubiri zifite imiterere itandukanye yo kubaho munsi ya pH zitandukanye. Kugirango wongere inyungu zifumbire, hagomba kubaho urugero rwa acide ikwiye, mubisanzwe bisaba pH agaciro ka 5-8. Niba agaciro ka pH kari hejuru cyane cyangwa kari hasi cyane, usibye kugira ingaruka ku iyinjizwa ryintungamubiri, bizangiza kandi ibimera.
7. Ubwinshi bwifumbire mvaruganda igomba kuba ikwiye
Kubera ko ifumbire ya foliar iterwa ku mababi y’igice cyo hejuru cy’ibihingwa, ingaruka ziterwa n’ibiti ku ifumbire ni nto cyane.
Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa kumenya kwibanda ku gutera ifumbire mvaruganda. Niba kwibumbira hamwe ari bike, ingano yintungamubiri zigaragara ku bihingwa ni nto, kandi ingaruka ntizigaragara; niba kwibumbira hamwe ari byinshi, bizatwika amababi kandi byangiza ifumbire.
Ifumbire mvaruganda imwe ifite ubunini butandukanye bwo gutera ku bihingwa bitandukanye, bigomba kugenwa ukurikije ubwoko bwibihingwa.
8. Igihe cyo gutera ifumbire mvaruganda kigomba kuba gikwiye
Ingaruka zo gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda ifitanye isano itaziguye nubushyuhe, ubushuhe, imbaraga zumuyaga, nibindi nibyiza guhitamo umunsi utagira umuyaga nigicu cyangwa umunsi ufite ubuhehere bwinshi nubushyuhe buke mbere ya saa cyenda za mugitondo kugirango utere amababi. Nibyiza gutera nyuma ya saa yine z'ijoro. Niba imvura iguye nyuma yamasaha 3 kugeza kuri 4 nyuma yo gutera, birakenewe kongera gutera.
9. Hitamo urubuga rukwiye rwo gutera
Amababi n'ibiti by'ibice byo hejuru, hagati na hepfo y'ibimera bifite ibikorwa bitandukanye byo guhinduranya, kandi ubushobozi bwabo bwo gukuramo intungamubiri ziva hanze biratandukanye cyane. Birakenewe guhitamo ikibanza gikwiye cyo gutera.
10. Gutera mugihe gikomeye cyo gukura kwibihingwa
Ibihingwa bikurura kandi bigakoresha ifumbire muburyo butandukanye bwo gukura. Kugirango hongerwe inyungu zifumbire mvaruganda, igihe gikomeye cyo gutera ifumbire kigomba gutoranywa ukurikije imiterere yikura ryibihingwa bitandukanye kugirango bigerweho neza.
Kurugero, ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza imizi yibihingwa ngengabukungu nk'ingano n'umuceri bigabanuka mugihe cyo gukura gutinze. Ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora kuzuza imirire no kongera umubare nuburemere bwibinyampeke; gutera mugihe cyimbuto za watermelon birashobora kugabanya indabyo nimbuto no kongera imbuto ya watermelon.
11. Ongeraho inyongeramusaruro
Iyo utera ifumbire mvaruganda kumababi, ongeramo inyongeramusaruro zikwiye kugirango wongere ifumbire yumuti wamafumbire kumababi yibihingwa kandi utezimbere ifumbire.
12. Huza ifumbire mvaruganda
Kubera ko imizi ifite uburyo bunini kandi bwuzuye bwo kwinjiza kuruta amababi, hemejwe ko hakenerwa ifumbire mvaruganda irenga 10 kugira ngo igere ku ntungamubiri zose zinjizwa n'imizi ku ntungamubiri nyinshi nka azote, fosifore, na potasiyumu. . Kubwibyo, ifumbire y amababi ntishobora gusimbuza rwose ifumbire mvaruganda yibihingwa kandi igomba guhuzwa nifumbire mizi.
Ingano y’ifumbire mvaruganda ikoreshwa ni nto, ingaruka zirihuta kandi ziragaragara, kandi ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire riratera imbere. Nigipimo cyuburumbuke bwubukungu kandi bunoze, cyane cyane gukoresha amababi yibintu bimwe na bimwe byihariye.
Ariko rero, dukwiye kubona kandi ko ifumbire mvaruganda itoroshye kandi ikora cyane. Irashobora kandi kwibasirwa nuburyo bwimiterere yikirere. Bitewe n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibihingwa n'ibihe byo gukura, ingaruka zo gufumbira amababi ziratandukanye cyane.
Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe gukoresha neza tekinoloji y’ifumbire mvaruganda hashingiwe ku ifumbire mvaruganda kugirango igire uruhare runini ku ruhare rw’ifumbire mvaruganda mu kongera umusaruro n’amafaranga.
