Incamake y'abahuza imikurire y'ibihingwa mu guhinga ibihingwa by'imboga
Ubwoko bw'ishormoni y'ibimera
Kugeza ubu, imisemburo yemewe y'ibimera yaguye mu byiciro bitanu by'ingenzi: auxins, Gibberellins, Ethylene, Cytonene, na acide itcsisic. Byongeye kandi, brassinolide, polsamine, acide saliki, na acide ya qusmonic kandi igaragaza imitungo, igaragaza imitungo, iganisha bamwe kubishyira mu byiciro icyenda.
Mu guhinga ibihingwa byimbuto, umubare munini uhuza ibihingwa bikura ibihingwa bikoreshwa, bitandukanye nubwoko 40. Kurugero, abanza bateza imbere ibimera barimo aside ya Gibberellic (Ga3), Naphthyl Acide Acide (NAA), acide yinzu ya IAA Ibihingwa byo gukura birimo aside ihanitse, cyanidin, na batatudobenzoic; Kandi abategetsi b'imikurire barimo Paclobutrazol (Paclo), chlorumat chloride, na uniconazole.
Imikorere yo gukura kw'ibimera
Ibihingwa bikura bikora mugukora imvugo ya gene, guhindura imiterere yurukuta rwakarengane no kubashyiraho imibereho, bityo bitera imikurire ya selile. Barashobora kandi gutera ubutumwa bwa enzyme, bityo bagateza imbere cyangwa babuza aside nucleic na synthesis. Aba bagenzuzi barashobora kandi guhindura inzira zimwe na zimwe, guteza imbere cyangwa gukumira agace ka seruke no kurambura, no kwinjiza imvugo yo kurwanya ingirabuzimafatizo.
Abahuza ibihingwa bateza imbere kurengera Akagari, kugabana, no gutandukana, bityo bihutishe gukura. Batera kandi gushinga imizi hamwe nimizi yamagana, guteza imbere indabyo, kandi amaherezo iganisha ku mbuto nini. Abo bashinzwe guteza imbere no gutandukanya callus kandi bagira uruhare mu gushyiraho umurimo usanzwe, bityo bakabuza imikurire yimitwe yinyuma. Bashobora guca ibitotsi no guteza imbere impimbano. Barashobora kandi kubuza iterambere ryikiruhuko kugirango bashyigikire imikurire ihagaritse kandi bitera igice.
Aba bahanga babuza stem Elongtion mugihe wongera ibikorwa byubuhumekero nimiterere ya selile. Bateza imbere kandi imbuto zeze, ibibabi n'imbuto bigabanuka, batera senescence. Byongeye kandi, bavuna ibitotsi, guteza imbere imishinga no gushinga imizi. Ku rundi ruhande, ibihingwa bishinzwe gukura kw'ibimera birashobora kandi guteza imbere ibitombo mu bimera, bityo birinda budding.
Umushinga wo Gukura Umubumbe
Mugihe ushakisha uburyo abarungamura ibihingwa bigira ingaruka kumikurire yibihingwa, ni ngombwa kumva uburyo aba bashingira bategurwa. Ubwoko butandukanye bwabashishikarizwa bugomba gushyirwaho imiti ikwiye, nyuma yo gupima neza nuburyo bwo gukora neza n'umutekano.
Kuberako abahuza ibinyabuzima bitandukanye bafite ibintu bitorohewe, ni ngombwa guhitamo igisubizo gikwiye cyo guseswa. Benshi mu iterambere ryibinyabuzima ntibahujwe mumazi kandi bakundwa cyane mubintu bya kama. Gusobanukirwa uburyo butandukanye bwibihingwa bikura hamwe nibibazo byabo bikunze gukoreshwa ni ngombwa mugihe cyo kwigana.
Ingero zo gusaba ubuhinzi
Imbuto yo kumera
Ibihingwa bikura nka gibberellic (ga3) birashobora kuvuza neza ibitombo mu mbuto za citrus, amashaza, inzabibu, orange, hazelnut, na papaya, guteza imbere kubyimba.
Gushiraho ingamba zo kuzamura
Ku buryo bw'inzabibu, humura urufatiro rw'ibice muri 50mg / l Iba amasaha 8 cyangwa 50-100ml / l naa kumasaha 8-12 ateza imbere imizi. α-Naa irashobora kandi guteza imbere gushinga imizi mu inyanya, ingemwe, urusenda, n'ibiti by'imbuto.
Imbuto zashyizweho no gukumira indabyo n'imbuto
Gutera Apple, amapera, na Hawthorn kumiterere ya peak irangi mugihe cya 25-50mg / l ga3 zirashobora kongera imbuto. Muri icyo gihe, ku inyanya, ingemwe, urusenda na garuki, gutera abantu 20 mg.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Pistillate
Amababi yubukorikori bwibintu bitandukanye byibihingwa byibimera muburyo butandukanye bwimbuto zirashobora gutera imbere cyangwa guteza imbere ishyirwaho ryindabyo za pitillate. By'umwihariko, iyo ingemwe ya Cucumbe zifite amababi 1-3 yukuri, spray 100-200 MG / l ya ethephon.
Imbuto zitagira imbuto
Mugihe cyindabyo za Hawthorn, gutera imyaka 50 mg / l ya ga3 itera neza igice cya kabiri. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mbere y'indabyo, yibasiye inzabibu muri 200 mg / l ya ga3 ihujwe n'amagambo make y'umutwe, hakurikiraho kwibaza indabyo mu cyumweru, birashobora kandi gutera imbuto zidafite imbuto.
Gukura kw'imbuto no Gutezimbere
Gukoresha abashinzwe gukura kwimibanire birashobora kongera uburemere bwimbuto. Mugihe cyo kwiyongera igihe cya pome, gutera inkunga 20 mg / l of ba birashobora kongera uburemere bwimbuto. Byongeye kandi, ku mapera n'amashaza, gutera imyaka 50 mg / l ya aupin iyo imbuto nto zitangiye kwinezeza zishobora kwinezeza bishobora gutera imbere imbuto. Kuri karoti na radiyo, gutera inkunga iterambere ryimitako mugihe cyintangiriro yicyiciro cyimbuto zirashobora guteza imbere iterambere kandi riyongere ubunini bwumuzi.
Kwihutisha imbuto zeze:Gutera abashinzwe kugenzura nka ETHhophon birashobora gutuma imbuto zambere zenye zeza imbere yimbuto zeze. Gutera pome mu bihe 800-1000 byibanda kuri Ethofoni ibyumweru bitatu kugeza kuri bine mbere yo kwera birashobora kwihuta.
Indabyo n'imyambano yoroheje:Nyuma yigihe cyo kwiyongera kwa pome, gusaba abagenzuzi nka Naa birashobora kugera kundabyo n'imbuto binaterana no gutera Naa, karbaryl, na 6-Ba.
Kugenga Uruti n'ibibabi Gukura:Muri Gicurasi, gutera 2000 MG / l ya Paclobutrazol (PACLO) irashobora kugenzura neza imikurire mishya ya Shoot muri Kiwifruit. Kubiti byimpeshyi Ibiti, gutera 1000 mg / l ya paclobutrazol (paclo) mugihe amafuti mashya agera kuri cm 10-30 muburebure burashobora kubuza kurasa cyane.
Gutembera no kugenzura indabyo
Gutera Abagenzuzi kuri seleri no kuri salitusi mugihe bafite amababi 3-4 arashobora guteza imbere bolting nondara. Kubijyanye na cabage yubushinwa, gutera kwibanda cyane kwa mh kumababi 37 yukuri arasabwa kubuza indabyo zitandukanye.
Uburyo bwa chimique detassel
Imyumbati ya detassel ikura hamwe na Elitephone guteza imbere imikurire nziza. Amababi atera hamwe na 150-200 MG / l ya ehere muri ethephon irashobora gutangira nyuma yikibabi cyambere cyukuri cyimbuto cyagaragaye.
Uburyo bushya bwo kubungabunga
Abashinzwe kugenzura nka aside salique barashobora kwagura ubuzima bwamababi yo gukata indabyo n'imbuto.
Ingamba zo gukoresha
Mugihe ukurikiza abagenzuzi bakura ibihingwa, witondere guhuza ibihingwa, kwibanda, nigihe cyo kwimbaho, no kureba ingaruka zibidukikije kandi byabantu. Menya neza ko igihingwa gishinzwe gukura gihuye nigiti cyintego kugirango wirinde reaction mbi. Kurikiza uburyo bwiza bwo gusaba no kwibanda kugirango ugenzure neza kandi neza. Kandi, witondere ibihe n'ibidukikije kugirango ugabanye neza ibikorwa byo gukura kw'ibimera.
Kugeza ubu, imisemburo yemewe y'ibimera yaguye mu byiciro bitanu by'ingenzi: auxins, Gibberellins, Ethylene, Cytonene, na acide itcsisic. Byongeye kandi, brassinolide, polsamine, acide saliki, na acide ya qusmonic kandi igaragaza imitungo, igaragaza imitungo, iganisha bamwe kubishyira mu byiciro icyenda.
Mu guhinga ibihingwa byimbuto, umubare munini uhuza ibihingwa bikura ibihingwa bikoreshwa, bitandukanye nubwoko 40. Kurugero, abanza bateza imbere ibimera barimo aside ya Gibberellic (Ga3), Naphthyl Acide Acide (NAA), acide yinzu ya IAA Ibihingwa byo gukura birimo aside ihanitse, cyanidin, na batatudobenzoic; Kandi abategetsi b'imikurire barimo Paclobutrazol (Paclo), chlorumat chloride, na uniconazole.
Imikorere yo gukura kw'ibimera
Ibihingwa bikura bikora mugukora imvugo ya gene, guhindura imiterere yurukuta rwakarengane no kubashyiraho imibereho, bityo bitera imikurire ya selile. Barashobora kandi gutera ubutumwa bwa enzyme, bityo bagateza imbere cyangwa babuza aside nucleic na synthesis. Aba bagenzuzi barashobora kandi guhindura inzira zimwe na zimwe, guteza imbere cyangwa gukumira agace ka seruke no kurambura, no kwinjiza imvugo yo kurwanya ingirabuzimafatizo.
Abahuza ibihingwa bateza imbere kurengera Akagari, kugabana, no gutandukana, bityo bihutishe gukura. Batera kandi gushinga imizi hamwe nimizi yamagana, guteza imbere indabyo, kandi amaherezo iganisha ku mbuto nini. Abo bashinzwe guteza imbere no gutandukanya callus kandi bagira uruhare mu gushyiraho umurimo usanzwe, bityo bakabuza imikurire yimitwe yinyuma. Bashobora guca ibitotsi no guteza imbere impimbano. Barashobora kandi kubuza iterambere ryikiruhuko kugirango bashyigikire imikurire ihagaritse kandi bitera igice.
Aba bahanga babuza stem Elongtion mugihe wongera ibikorwa byubuhumekero nimiterere ya selile. Bateza imbere kandi imbuto zeze, ibibabi n'imbuto bigabanuka, batera senescence. Byongeye kandi, bavuna ibitotsi, guteza imbere imishinga no gushinga imizi. Ku rundi ruhande, ibihingwa bishinzwe gukura kw'ibimera birashobora kandi guteza imbere ibitombo mu bimera, bityo birinda budding.
Umushinga wo Gukura Umubumbe
Mugihe ushakisha uburyo abarungamura ibihingwa bigira ingaruka kumikurire yibihingwa, ni ngombwa kumva uburyo aba bashingira bategurwa. Ubwoko butandukanye bwabashishikarizwa bugomba gushyirwaho imiti ikwiye, nyuma yo gupima neza nuburyo bwo gukora neza n'umutekano.
Kuberako abahuza ibinyabuzima bitandukanye bafite ibintu bitorohewe, ni ngombwa guhitamo igisubizo gikwiye cyo guseswa. Benshi mu iterambere ryibinyabuzima ntibahujwe mumazi kandi bakundwa cyane mubintu bya kama. Gusobanukirwa uburyo butandukanye bwibihingwa bikura hamwe nibibazo byabo bikunze gukoreshwa ni ngombwa mugihe cyo kwigana.
Ingero zo gusaba ubuhinzi
Imbuto yo kumera
Ibihingwa bikura nka gibberellic (ga3) birashobora kuvuza neza ibitombo mu mbuto za citrus, amashaza, inzabibu, orange, hazelnut, na papaya, guteza imbere kubyimba.
Gushiraho ingamba zo kuzamura
Ku buryo bw'inzabibu, humura urufatiro rw'ibice muri 50mg / l Iba amasaha 8 cyangwa 50-100ml / l naa kumasaha 8-12 ateza imbere imizi. α-Naa irashobora kandi guteza imbere gushinga imizi mu inyanya, ingemwe, urusenda, n'ibiti by'imbuto.
Imbuto zashyizweho no gukumira indabyo n'imbuto
Gutera Apple, amapera, na Hawthorn kumiterere ya peak irangi mugihe cya 25-50mg / l ga3 zirashobora kongera imbuto. Muri icyo gihe, ku inyanya, ingemwe, urusenda na garuki, gutera abantu 20 mg.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Pistillate
Amababi yubukorikori bwibintu bitandukanye byibihingwa byibimera muburyo butandukanye bwimbuto zirashobora gutera imbere cyangwa guteza imbere ishyirwaho ryindabyo za pitillate. By'umwihariko, iyo ingemwe ya Cucumbe zifite amababi 1-3 yukuri, spray 100-200 MG / l ya ethephon.
Imbuto zitagira imbuto
Mugihe cyindabyo za Hawthorn, gutera imyaka 50 mg / l ya ga3 itera neza igice cya kabiri. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mbere y'indabyo, yibasiye inzabibu muri 200 mg / l ya ga3 ihujwe n'amagambo make y'umutwe, hakurikiraho kwibaza indabyo mu cyumweru, birashobora kandi gutera imbuto zidafite imbuto.
Gukura kw'imbuto no Gutezimbere
Gukoresha abashinzwe gukura kwimibanire birashobora kongera uburemere bwimbuto. Mugihe cyo kwiyongera igihe cya pome, gutera inkunga 20 mg / l of ba birashobora kongera uburemere bwimbuto. Byongeye kandi, ku mapera n'amashaza, gutera imyaka 50 mg / l ya aupin iyo imbuto nto zitangiye kwinezeza zishobora kwinezeza bishobora gutera imbere imbuto. Kuri karoti na radiyo, gutera inkunga iterambere ryimitako mugihe cyintangiriro yicyiciro cyimbuto zirashobora guteza imbere iterambere kandi riyongere ubunini bwumuzi.
Kwihutisha imbuto zeze:Gutera abashinzwe kugenzura nka ETHhophon birashobora gutuma imbuto zambere zenye zeza imbere yimbuto zeze. Gutera pome mu bihe 800-1000 byibanda kuri Ethofoni ibyumweru bitatu kugeza kuri bine mbere yo kwera birashobora kwihuta.
Indabyo n'imyambano yoroheje:Nyuma yigihe cyo kwiyongera kwa pome, gusaba abagenzuzi nka Naa birashobora kugera kundabyo n'imbuto binaterana no gutera Naa, karbaryl, na 6-Ba.
Kugenga Uruti n'ibibabi Gukura:Muri Gicurasi, gutera 2000 MG / l ya Paclobutrazol (PACLO) irashobora kugenzura neza imikurire mishya ya Shoot muri Kiwifruit. Kubiti byimpeshyi Ibiti, gutera 1000 mg / l ya paclobutrazol (paclo) mugihe amafuti mashya agera kuri cm 10-30 muburebure burashobora kubuza kurasa cyane.
Gutembera no kugenzura indabyo
Gutera Abagenzuzi kuri seleri no kuri salitusi mugihe bafite amababi 3-4 arashobora guteza imbere bolting nondara. Kubijyanye na cabage yubushinwa, gutera kwibanda cyane kwa mh kumababi 37 yukuri arasabwa kubuza indabyo zitandukanye.
Uburyo bwa chimique detassel
Imyumbati ya detassel ikura hamwe na Elitephone guteza imbere imikurire nziza. Amababi atera hamwe na 150-200 MG / l ya ehere muri ethephon irashobora gutangira nyuma yikibabi cyambere cyukuri cyimbuto cyagaragaye.
Uburyo bushya bwo kubungabunga
Abashinzwe kugenzura nka aside salique barashobora kwagura ubuzima bwamababi yo gukata indabyo n'imbuto.
Ingamba zo gukoresha
Mugihe ukurikiza abagenzuzi bakura ibihingwa, witondere guhuza ibihingwa, kwibanda, nigihe cyo kwimbaho, no kureba ingaruka zibidukikije kandi byabantu. Menya neza ko igihingwa gishinzwe gukura gihuye nigiti cyintego kugirango wirinde reaction mbi. Kurikiza uburyo bwiza bwo gusaba no kwibanda kugirango ugenzure neza kandi neza. Kandi, witondere ibihe n'ibidukikije kugirango ugabanye neza ibikorwa byo gukura kw'ibimera.
