Itandukaniro rya Paclobutrazol, Uniconazole, Chlormequat Chloride, na Mepiquat chloride
Gukura gukomeye gukomeye bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikurire yibihingwa. Ibihingwa bimaze igihe kinini bifite ibiti n'amababi mashya, amababi manini kandi manini, amababi yera, n'ibiti bitoshye, bikaviramo guhumeka nabi no kwanduza urumuri, ubushuhe bukabije, kugabanya indwara, kandi bikunda kwandura indwara; bitewe no gukura kw'ibimera bikabije, cyane. intungamubiri zibanze kugirango zitange imikurire y'ibiti n'amababi, bigatuma indabyo nke zigabanuka.
Muri icyo gihe, kubera gukura gukomeye, ibihingwa birarikira kandi bitinze. Igikomeye cyane ni uko ibihingwa by ibihingwa bikomeye bifite interode ndende, ibiti bito, gukomera gukomeye hamwe na elastique.Bazagwa iyo bahuye n umuyaga ukaze, ibyo ntibigabanya umusaruro gusa, ahubwo binatuma gusarura bigorana kandi byongera amafaranga yumusaruro.
Inzego enye zigenga imikurire y’ibihingwa, Paclobutrazol, Uniconazole, Chlormequat Chloride, na Mepiquat chloride, byose bigenzura imikurire y’ibihingwa mu gihe gito mu kubuza guhuza aside ya Gibberellic mu bimera.Irabuza imikurire y’ibimera kugirango iteze imbere gukura kwimyororokere, ibuza ibimera gukura cyane kandi byera, ibihingwa byitwa dwarfs, bigabanya interode, kunoza imihangayiko, nibindi, bituma ibihingwa bigira indabyo nyinshi, guhinga, n'imbuto, byongera chlorophyll, kandi bikanoza kwihanganira guhangayika. Kunoza fotosintezeza, bityo ugenzure imikurire no kongera umusaruro.
Paclobutrazol irashobora gukoreshwa cyane mubihingwa byinshi byo murimurima nibihingwa byubucuruzi, nk'umuceri, ingano, ibigori, gufata ku ngufu, soya, ipamba, ibishyimbo, ibirayi, pome, citrusi, kireri, imyembe, lychee, pacha, amapera, itabi, n'ibindi. Muri byo, ibihingwa byo mu murima n'ibihingwa by'ubucuruzi bikoreshwa cyane mu gutera murwego rwo gutera no mbere & nyuma yindabyo. Ibiti byimbuto bikoreshwa cyane mugucunga imiterere yikamba no kubuza gukura gushya. Irashobora gutera, gusukwa cyangwa kuhira.
Ifite ingaruka zikomeye cyane ku ngemwe z'umuceri n'umuceri.
Ibiranga:
mugari mugukoresha, ibikorwa byiza byo gukura neza, gukora neza, nibikorwa byiza biologiya. Nyamara, biroroshye gutera ibisigazwa byubutaka, bizagira ingaruka kumikurire yibihingwa bitaha, kandi ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa igihe kirekire. Kubibanza bikoreshwa na Paclobutrazol, nibyiza guhinga ubutaka mbere yo gutera igihingwa gikurikira.
Uniconazole muri rusange ni kimwe na paclobutrazole mugukoresha no gukoresha.Ugereranije na Paclobutrazol, Uniconazole igira ingaruka zikomeye zo kugenzura no guhagarika umusaruro ku bihingwa kandi ni byiza gukoresha.
Ibiranga:
Gukora neza, ibisigara bike, nibintu byinshi byumutekano. Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko Uniconazole ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ntabwo ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu cyiciro cy’ingemwe z’imboga nyinshi (Mepiquat chloride irashobora gukoreshwa), kandi irashobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y’ingemwe.
Chlormequat Chloride ni igenzura rya kane rya amonium yumunyu.Bikunze gukoreshwa murwego rwo gutera nka Paclobutrazol. Itandukaniro nuko Chlormequat Chloride ikoreshwa cyane mugihe cyo kurabyo no kwera, kandi ikoreshwa kenshi mubihingwa hamwe nigihe gito cyo gukura.
Chlormequat Chloride nigenzura rito ryikura ryikimera rishobora kwinjira mubihingwa binyuze mumababi, amashami, imishitsi, imizi, nimbuto, bikabuza biosynthesis ya aside ya Gibberellic mubihingwa.
Igikorwa nyamukuru cyumubiri ni ukugenzura imikurire yikimera, guteza imbere imikurire yimyororokere, kugabanya interode yikimera, gutuma igihingwa kigufi, gikomeye, kibyimbye, gifite imizi yateye imbere neza, kurwanya icumbi, gifite amababi yicyatsi kibisi, kongera chlorophyll, kuzamura fotosintezeza, kongera igipimo cyo gushiraho imbuto, kandi gishobora kuzamura ubwiza n'umusaruro; icyarimwe, irashobora kandi kunoza ubukonje, kurwanya amapfa, kurwanya umunyu-alkali, kurwanya indwara n’udukoko hamwe n’ibindi bihangayikishwa n’ibihingwa bimwe na bimwe.
Ugereranije na Paclobutrazol na Uniconazole, chloride ya Mepiquat ifite imiti yoroheje,ikintu kinini cyumutekano, hamwe nurwego runini rwo gukoresha. Irashobora gukoreshwa mubyiciro byose byibihingwa kandi mubyukuri nta ngaruka mbi. Nyamara, imikorere yacyo ni ngufi kandi idakomeye, kandi ingaruka zayo mukugenzura imikurire ikabije ni mibi. Cyane cyane kuri ibyo bihingwa bikura cyane, bigomba gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi kugirango bigenzure imikurire.
Mepiquat chloride ni ubwoko bushya bwo kugenzura imikurire. Ugereranije na Paclobutrazol na Uniconazole, biroroshye, ntibitera kandi bifite umutekano mwinshi.
Mepiquat chloride irashobora gukoreshwa mubyiciro byose byibihingwa, ndetse no mugihe cyo gutera no kurabyo mugihe ibihingwa byumva ibiyobyabwenge cyane. Mepiquat chloride ntabwo ahanini ifite ingaruka mbi kandi ntabwo ikunda phytotoxicity. Birashobora kuvugwa ko bifite umutekano ku isoko.
Ibiranga:
Mepiquat chloride ifite ibintu byinshi byumutekano hamwe nubuzima bwagutse. Nubwo, nubwo ifite ingaruka zo kugenzura imikurire, imikorere yayo ni ngufi kandi idakomeye, kandi ingaruka zayo zo kugenzura ni mbi. Cyane cyane kuri ibyo bihingwa bikura cyane, birakenewe. Koresha inshuro nyinshi kugirango ugere kubisubizo wifuza.
Paclobutrazol ikoreshwa kenshi mugihe cyo gutera no kurasa, kandi ni byiza kubishyimbo, ariko bigira ingaruka ziciriritse kubihingwa byimpeshyi nimbeho; Chlormequat Chloride ikoreshwa cyane mugihe cyo kumera no kwera, kandi ikoreshwa kenshi mubihingwa bifite igihe gito cyo gukura, Mepiquat chloride iroroshye cyane, kandi nyuma yo kwangirika, Brassinolide irashobora gutera cyangwa kuvomera kugirango yongere uburumbuke kugirango ikibazo gikemuke.
Muri icyo gihe, kubera gukura gukomeye, ibihingwa birarikira kandi bitinze. Igikomeye cyane ni uko ibihingwa by ibihingwa bikomeye bifite interode ndende, ibiti bito, gukomera gukomeye hamwe na elastique.Bazagwa iyo bahuye n umuyaga ukaze, ibyo ntibigabanya umusaruro gusa, ahubwo binatuma gusarura bigorana kandi byongera amafaranga yumusaruro.
Inzego enye zigenga imikurire y’ibihingwa, Paclobutrazol, Uniconazole, Chlormequat Chloride, na Mepiquat chloride, byose bigenzura imikurire y’ibihingwa mu gihe gito mu kubuza guhuza aside ya Gibberellic mu bimera.Irabuza imikurire y’ibimera kugirango iteze imbere gukura kwimyororokere, ibuza ibimera gukura cyane kandi byera, ibihingwa byitwa dwarfs, bigabanya interode, kunoza imihangayiko, nibindi, bituma ibihingwa bigira indabyo nyinshi, guhinga, n'imbuto, byongera chlorophyll, kandi bikanoza kwihanganira guhangayika. Kunoza fotosintezeza, bityo ugenzure imikurire no kongera umusaruro.
Paclobutrazol irashobora gukoreshwa cyane mubihingwa byinshi byo murimurima nibihingwa byubucuruzi, nk'umuceri, ingano, ibigori, gufata ku ngufu, soya, ipamba, ibishyimbo, ibirayi, pome, citrusi, kireri, imyembe, lychee, pacha, amapera, itabi, n'ibindi. Muri byo, ibihingwa byo mu murima n'ibihingwa by'ubucuruzi bikoreshwa cyane mu gutera murwego rwo gutera no mbere & nyuma yindabyo. Ibiti byimbuto bikoreshwa cyane mugucunga imiterere yikamba no kubuza gukura gushya. Irashobora gutera, gusukwa cyangwa kuhira.
Ifite ingaruka zikomeye cyane ku ngemwe z'umuceri n'umuceri.
Ibiranga:
mugari mugukoresha, ibikorwa byiza byo gukura neza, gukora neza, nibikorwa byiza biologiya. Nyamara, biroroshye gutera ibisigazwa byubutaka, bizagira ingaruka kumikurire yibihingwa bitaha, kandi ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa igihe kirekire. Kubibanza bikoreshwa na Paclobutrazol, nibyiza guhinga ubutaka mbere yo gutera igihingwa gikurikira.
Uniconazole muri rusange ni kimwe na paclobutrazole mugukoresha no gukoresha.Ugereranije na Paclobutrazol, Uniconazole igira ingaruka zikomeye zo kugenzura no guhagarika umusaruro ku bihingwa kandi ni byiza gukoresha.
Ibiranga:
Gukora neza, ibisigara bike, nibintu byinshi byumutekano. Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko Uniconazole ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ntabwo ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu cyiciro cy’ingemwe z’imboga nyinshi (Mepiquat chloride irashobora gukoreshwa), kandi irashobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y’ingemwe.
Chlormequat Chloride ni igenzura rya kane rya amonium yumunyu.Bikunze gukoreshwa murwego rwo gutera nka Paclobutrazol. Itandukaniro nuko Chlormequat Chloride ikoreshwa cyane mugihe cyo kurabyo no kwera, kandi ikoreshwa kenshi mubihingwa hamwe nigihe gito cyo gukura.
Chlormequat Chloride nigenzura rito ryikura ryikimera rishobora kwinjira mubihingwa binyuze mumababi, amashami, imishitsi, imizi, nimbuto, bikabuza biosynthesis ya aside ya Gibberellic mubihingwa.
Igikorwa nyamukuru cyumubiri ni ukugenzura imikurire yikimera, guteza imbere imikurire yimyororokere, kugabanya interode yikimera, gutuma igihingwa kigufi, gikomeye, kibyimbye, gifite imizi yateye imbere neza, kurwanya icumbi, gifite amababi yicyatsi kibisi, kongera chlorophyll, kuzamura fotosintezeza, kongera igipimo cyo gushiraho imbuto, kandi gishobora kuzamura ubwiza n'umusaruro; icyarimwe, irashobora kandi kunoza ubukonje, kurwanya amapfa, kurwanya umunyu-alkali, kurwanya indwara n’udukoko hamwe n’ibindi bihangayikishwa n’ibihingwa bimwe na bimwe.
Ugereranije na Paclobutrazol na Uniconazole, chloride ya Mepiquat ifite imiti yoroheje,ikintu kinini cyumutekano, hamwe nurwego runini rwo gukoresha. Irashobora gukoreshwa mubyiciro byose byibihingwa kandi mubyukuri nta ngaruka mbi. Nyamara, imikorere yacyo ni ngufi kandi idakomeye, kandi ingaruka zayo mukugenzura imikurire ikabije ni mibi. Cyane cyane kuri ibyo bihingwa bikura cyane, bigomba gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi kugirango bigenzure imikurire.
Mepiquat chloride ni ubwoko bushya bwo kugenzura imikurire. Ugereranije na Paclobutrazol na Uniconazole, biroroshye, ntibitera kandi bifite umutekano mwinshi.
Mepiquat chloride irashobora gukoreshwa mubyiciro byose byibihingwa, ndetse no mugihe cyo gutera no kurabyo mugihe ibihingwa byumva ibiyobyabwenge cyane. Mepiquat chloride ntabwo ahanini ifite ingaruka mbi kandi ntabwo ikunda phytotoxicity. Birashobora kuvugwa ko bifite umutekano ku isoko.
Ibiranga:
Mepiquat chloride ifite ibintu byinshi byumutekano hamwe nubuzima bwagutse. Nubwo, nubwo ifite ingaruka zo kugenzura imikurire, imikorere yayo ni ngufi kandi idakomeye, kandi ingaruka zayo zo kugenzura ni mbi. Cyane cyane kuri ibyo bihingwa bikura cyane, birakenewe. Koresha inshuro nyinshi kugirango ugere kubisubizo wifuza.
Paclobutrazol ikoreshwa kenshi mugihe cyo gutera no kurasa, kandi ni byiza kubishyimbo, ariko bigira ingaruka ziciriritse kubihingwa byimpeshyi nimbeho; Chlormequat Chloride ikoreshwa cyane mugihe cyo kumera no kwera, kandi ikoreshwa kenshi mubihingwa bifite igihe gito cyo gukura, Mepiquat chloride iroroshye cyane, kandi nyuma yo kwangirika, Brassinolide irashobora gutera cyangwa kuvomera kugirango yongere uburumbuke kugirango ikibazo gikemuke.
