Ibanga ryabashinzwe gukura ibihingwa na porogaramu zabo
Mu buhinzi bugezweho, umusaruro wibihingwa wabaye ingingo ikomeye. Nkigikoresho cyingenzi, abashinzwe gukura kwibimera bikoreshwa cyane mugutezimbere imikurire yibihingwa, kuzamura indwara zo kurwanya indwara no kongera umusaruro.
Uruhare rwo Gukura Gukura Ibihingwa
1. Guteza imbere gukura kwa selire
Ibihingwa bikura birashobora guhindura ibiranga inkuta zugari, ubakure, kandi ukureho imbere ya selile mu gukora imvugo ya gene. Muri icyo gihe, abashinzwe kugenzura barashobora kandi gutera ubutumwa kuri enzyme, kuzamura cyangwa kubuza synthesis ya acide na poroteyine, kandi bagahindura inzira zimwe na zimwe za metabolic, zibangamira inzira imwe n'igihe. Icy'ingenzi, abagenzuzi barashobora gushishikariza kwerekana ingirabuzimafatizo zirwanya indwara zirwanya indwara kandi bazamure indwara yo kurwanya indwara.
2. Guteza imbere kumera no gukura
Ibihingwa bikura bishobora kongera igipimo cyo kumera cyane ku mbuto, bitera imiterere yindabyo no kwaguka imbuto. Kurugero, mu bihingwa byijwi ryimbuto, Gibberellins irashobora kumena uruta urusaku rwimbuto nka Citrus, mugihe Ethylene ibereye kuri strawberry na pome. Aba bagenzuzi barashobora kandi guteza imbere gukura kw'ibimera ku rwego rwa selire, bityo kwihuta gukura no gushinga umurimo upakira, kandi bakabuza imikurire ya rubanda.
3. Kubuza gukura kwa selile
Ariko, bamwe mubihingwa bashinzwe gukura barashobora kubangamira iterambere rya selire. Barashobora kongera ibikorwa byubusahuke hamwe nurukuta rw'akagari kabora imisemburo, kuzamura imbuto no kugwa kw'ibabi. Muri icyo gihe, abo bagenzuzi barashobora kubuza kumera, guteza imbere umusaruro wa Ethylene no gufunga Stotata. Ibiranga nkibi bikoreshwa cyane muri nyuma-kwera imbuto.
Gutegura no gusaba
Uburyo bwo Gutegura
Gutegura abashinzwe gukura kwimibanire bigomba kugenwa hakurikijwe imyaka yihariye. Benshi mu iterambere ryibihingwa bivuguruzanya mumazi, birakenewe rero guhitamo ibintu bibereye kwitegura. Mugihe cyo kwitegura, birakenewe guhitamo ibijyanye nuburyo bukwiye ukurikije uburyo bwa dosage yuburyo butandukanye bwibinyabuzima, kandi irashonga byuzuye kandi igatandukanya mbere. Byongeye kandi, amazi agomba gutegurwa nkuko bikenewe kugirango habeho imikorere no gutuza.
Gusaba mu bihingwa byimbuto
Ibihingwa bikura bigira porogaramu zitandukanye mubihingwa byimbuto. Kurugero, mugukoresha neza abashinzwe kugenzura nka Gibberellins na Ehheren, ntabwo ari umusaruro wibihingwa byimbuto byimbuto bishobora kwiyongera, ariko kandi ubwiza bwabo burashobora kunozwa. By'umwihariko, kuvura imigezi y'inzabibu hamwe na IBA irashobora guteza imbere imizi, mugihe utera Gibberellins mugihe cyindabyo cyibyabereye birashobora kongera igipimo cyerekana imbuto. Mubyongeyeho, gutera hamwe umubare ukwiye wa Ba mugihe cyo kwindabyo za pome zirashobora kongera uburemere bwimbuto. Abashinzwe gukura kwibasira nabo bagaragaza ingaruka zigaragara mu mikurire y'imbuto nka Citrus, amashaza, n'inzabibu, bitanga inkunga ya tekiniki ku musaruro w'imbogamizi ugezweho.
Binyuze mu guhuza Ubushakashatsi bwa siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga bugezweho bw'ubuhinzi, abantu barashobora kunoza umusaruro kandi rwose umusaruro n'ubwiza bwibimera. Ibihingwa bikura bigira uruhare runini muri ibi, bizana inyungu zubukungu mu buhinzi ku isi.
Uruhare rwo Gukura Gukura Ibihingwa
1. Guteza imbere gukura kwa selire
Ibihingwa bikura birashobora guhindura ibiranga inkuta zugari, ubakure, kandi ukureho imbere ya selile mu gukora imvugo ya gene. Muri icyo gihe, abashinzwe kugenzura barashobora kandi gutera ubutumwa kuri enzyme, kuzamura cyangwa kubuza synthesis ya acide na poroteyine, kandi bagahindura inzira zimwe na zimwe za metabolic, zibangamira inzira imwe n'igihe. Icy'ingenzi, abagenzuzi barashobora gushishikariza kwerekana ingirabuzimafatizo zirwanya indwara zirwanya indwara kandi bazamure indwara yo kurwanya indwara.
2. Guteza imbere kumera no gukura
Ibihingwa bikura bishobora kongera igipimo cyo kumera cyane ku mbuto, bitera imiterere yindabyo no kwaguka imbuto. Kurugero, mu bihingwa byijwi ryimbuto, Gibberellins irashobora kumena uruta urusaku rwimbuto nka Citrus, mugihe Ethylene ibereye kuri strawberry na pome. Aba bagenzuzi barashobora kandi guteza imbere gukura kw'ibimera ku rwego rwa selire, bityo kwihuta gukura no gushinga umurimo upakira, kandi bakabuza imikurire ya rubanda.
3. Kubuza gukura kwa selile
Ariko, bamwe mubihingwa bashinzwe gukura barashobora kubangamira iterambere rya selire. Barashobora kongera ibikorwa byubusahuke hamwe nurukuta rw'akagari kabora imisemburo, kuzamura imbuto no kugwa kw'ibabi. Muri icyo gihe, abo bagenzuzi barashobora kubuza kumera, guteza imbere umusaruro wa Ethylene no gufunga Stotata. Ibiranga nkibi bikoreshwa cyane muri nyuma-kwera imbuto.
Gutegura no gusaba
Uburyo bwo Gutegura
Gutegura abashinzwe gukura kwimibanire bigomba kugenwa hakurikijwe imyaka yihariye. Benshi mu iterambere ryibihingwa bivuguruzanya mumazi, birakenewe rero guhitamo ibintu bibereye kwitegura. Mugihe cyo kwitegura, birakenewe guhitamo ibijyanye nuburyo bukwiye ukurikije uburyo bwa dosage yuburyo butandukanye bwibinyabuzima, kandi irashonga byuzuye kandi igatandukanya mbere. Byongeye kandi, amazi agomba gutegurwa nkuko bikenewe kugirango habeho imikorere no gutuza.
Gusaba mu bihingwa byimbuto
Ibihingwa bikura bigira porogaramu zitandukanye mubihingwa byimbuto. Kurugero, mugukoresha neza abashinzwe kugenzura nka Gibberellins na Ehheren, ntabwo ari umusaruro wibihingwa byimbuto byimbuto bishobora kwiyongera, ariko kandi ubwiza bwabo burashobora kunozwa. By'umwihariko, kuvura imigezi y'inzabibu hamwe na IBA irashobora guteza imbere imizi, mugihe utera Gibberellins mugihe cyindabyo cyibyabereye birashobora kongera igipimo cyerekana imbuto. Mubyongeyeho, gutera hamwe umubare ukwiye wa Ba mugihe cyo kwindabyo za pome zirashobora kongera uburemere bwimbuto. Abashinzwe gukura kwibasira nabo bagaragaza ingaruka zigaragara mu mikurire y'imbuto nka Citrus, amashaza, n'inzabibu, bitanga inkunga ya tekiniki ku musaruro w'imbogamizi ugezweho.
Binyuze mu guhuza Ubushakashatsi bwa siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga bugezweho bw'ubuhinzi, abantu barashobora kunoza umusaruro kandi rwose umusaruro n'ubwiza bwibimera. Ibihingwa bikura bigira uruhare runini muri ibi, bizana inyungu zubukungu mu buhinzi ku isi.
