Mesebetsi ea Brassinolide (BR)
Brassinolide (BR) ke taolo e pharalletseng le e sebetsang hantle ea kholo ea semela. E ile ea sibolloa ke bo-rasaense ba temo ea Amerika ka 1970 'me ba bitsoa brassinolide, brassinolide e bitsoa mofuta oa botšelela oa hormone ea limela ka lebaka la tekanyo ea eona e nyenyane le liphello tse sebetsang.
Brassinolide (BR) e etsa eng?
Brassinolide (BR) e fapane le balaoli ba bang ba kholo ea limela ka tsela e le 'ngoe e shebaneng le ho phahamisa chai le ho ntlafatsa boleng. Ka mohlala, ha e na feela mesebetsi ea 'mele ea auxin le cytokinin, empa hape e na le bokhoni ba ho eketsa photosynthesis le ho laola phepelo ea limatlafatsi, ho khothalletsa ho tsamaisoa ha lik'habohaedreite ho tloha ho stems le makhasi ho ea ho lijo-thollo, ho ntlafatsa khanyetso ea lijalo ho lintho tse mpe tse ka ntle, le khothalletsa kholo ea likarolo tse fokolang tsa semela. Ka hona, e na le ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng haholo le e sebetsang.
1. Monate le mebala
Ho sebelisa Brassinolide (BR) ho ka natefisa 'moba le ho eketsa karolo ea makhasi a koae a mahareng le a boemo bo holimo. Ho e sebelisa ho lamunu ho ka ntlafatsa bofokoli bo kang letlalo le teteaneng, litholoana tse hlabang, litholoana tse khopameng, le lignification tse bakoang ke ho fafatsa gibberellins. Li-lychees, mahapu, joalo-joalo E sebelisoa ka linaoa, e ka etsa junifomo ea litholoana, ea ntlafatsa ponahalo, ea eketsa theko ea thekiso le ho eketsa chelete.
2. Ho lieha ho hlaha ha makhasi
E boloka botala nako e telele, e matlafatsa chlorophyll synthesis, e ntlafatsa photosynthesis, 'me e khothalletsa 'mala oa makhasi hore o tebe le ho fetoha o motala.
3. Khothalletsa lipalesa le ho boloka litholoana
E sebelisoa nakong ea lipalesa le litholoana tse nyenyane, e ka khothalletsa lipalesa le litholoana le ho thibela ho theoha ha litholoana.
4. Khothaletsa karohano ea lisele le katoloso ea litholoana
Ho hlakile hore e ka khothaletsa karohano ea lisele le ho khothaletsa kholo e otlolohileng le e otlolohileng ea litho, ka hona e holisa litholoana.
5. Eketsa tlhahiso
Ho senya molemo o ka holimo le ho khothalletsa ho mela ha li-lateral buds ho ka phunyeletsa karohano ea li-buds, ho khothalletsa ho thehoa ha makala a lateral, ho eketsa palo ea makala, ho eketsa palo ea lipalesa, ho ntlafatsa manyolo a peo e phofo, kahoo ho eketsa palo ea litholoana le ho eketsa tlhahiso. .
6. Ntlafatsa khoebo ea lijalo
E susumetsa parthenocarpy, e thibela ho theoha ha lipalesa le litholoana, e khothalletsa protheine synthesis, e eketsa tsoekere, e ntlafatsa boleng ba lijalo, 'me e ntlafatsa thekiso.
7. Laola le ho leka-lekanya phepo e nepahetseng
Brassinolide (BR) ha se manyolo a makhasi ebile ha e na phello ea phepo e nepahetseng, kahoo tšebeliso e tsoakiloeng ea manyolo a foliar hammoho le brassinolide e sebetsa haholo. Manyolo a foliar a ka tlatsetsa matsoai a limela, empa ha a na bokhoni ba ho leka-lekanya le ho laola lipalangoang tsa limatlafatsi; Brassinolide (BR) e ka tsamaisa limatlafatsi ka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng, e lumellang tsamaiso ea phepo e nepahetseng, e le hore kholo ea limela le ea ho ikatisa ea lijalo e ka fumana limatlafatsi tse utloahalang.
8. Sterilize le ho eketsa katleho, ka potlako tsosolosa khōlo
Li-fungicides li ka thibela maloetse feela empa li na le phello e fokolang ho tsosolosa khōlo ea lijalo. Brassinolide e ka leka-lekanya lipalangoang tsa limatlafatsi, ea khothalletsa ho monya metso, le ho khothalletsa photosynthesis. Ka hona, ha li-fungicides li kopantsoe le brassinoids, melemo ea tsona ea tlatselletsana. Brassinolide (BR) e thusa kalafong ya malwetse mme e na le phello e ntle ho hlaphoheloeng le kgolong ya dijalo.
9. Ho hanyetsa serame, ho hanyetsa serame, ho hanyetsa komello le ho hanyetsa mafu
Ka mor'a hore Brassinolide (BR) e kene semeleng, ha e ntlafatse photosynthesis feela le ho khothalletsa kholo le nts'etsopele, empa hape e na le phello e khethehileng ea tšireletso tsamaisong ea lisele tsa semela ho hanela tšenyo e ka morao ea tikoloho. E ka boela ea susumetsa mosebetsi oa li-enzyme tse sireletsang semela, ho fokotsa haholo lintho tse kotsi. Tšenyo ea kholo e tloaelehileng ea limela le ho ntlafatsa ka botlalo khatello ea maikutlo ho hanyetsa lijalo.
Liteko li entsoe ka raese, likomkomere, tamati, koae, joalo-joalo, 'me litholoana ke:
1) Mocheso o tlase:
Ho fafatsa Brassinolide (BR) ho ka eketsa sekhahla sa ho beha peo ea mefuta ea raese ka 40.1% tlas'a mocheso o tlase. Ts'ebetso ea eona ea 'mele ea ho ntlafatsa mamello e batang ea raese e bonahala haholo ka ho ntlafatsa metabolism ea raese le ho khothaletsa kholo le nts'etsopele ea litho tsa raese. Limela tse phekoloang ka Brassinolide (BR) li ntlafalitse haholo matšoao a 'mele a ho hanyetsa serame tlas'a maemo a teko a 1 ho isa ho 5°C.
2) Mocheso o phahameng:
Tšebeliso ea Brassinolide (BR) e ka eketsa haholo chlorophyll ea lekhasi le protheine, superoxide dismutase (SOD) le peroxidase (POD) mesebetsi ea mefuta ea raese e sa utloeng mocheso.
3) Letsoai-alkali:
Peo e phekoloang ka Brassinolide (BR) e ntse e ka boloka sekhahla se phahameng sa ho mela sebakeng sa 150 mmol NaCl. Ka mor'a hore limela tsa harese tse phekotsoeng Brassinolide (BR) li kolobisoe ka 500 mmol NaCl ka lihora tse 24, tlhahlobo ea ultramicroscopic e bontšitse hore sebopeho sa makhasi a harese se ne se sirelelitsoe.
4) Komello:
Lijalo tse kang tsoekere ea beet e phekoloang ka Brassinolide (BR) e hola hantle ho feta sehlopha sa taolo sebakeng sa komello.
5) Ho hanyetsa mafu:
Brassinolide (BR) e ka boela ea fokotsa tšenyo e bakoang ke mafu a itseng a limela, a kang rice sheath blight, cucumber grey hlobo le tamati late blight. Mabapi le koae, ha e khothalletse kholo ea koae feela, empa hape e na le phello ea taolo ea 70% ho lefu la mosaic la koae. Ke sesebelisoa se loketseng ho thibela le ho alafa lefu la motso oa koae. Ho hanyetsa maloetse ha limela ho laoloa ke liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa semela ka boeona. Leha ho le joalo, Brassinolide (BR) ester e ka laola ka botlalo tšebetso ea 'mele le ea biochemical ea semela, ka hona ea fokotsa lefu lena. Ka nako e ts'oanang, joalo ka homone ea semela, Brassinolide (BR) e ka baka khanyetso e itseng. Polelo ea lefu la liphatsa tsa lefutso e ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa maloetse a limela.
10. Khothalletsa kholo ea lipeo
Ha e sebelisoa joalo ka kalafo ea peo kapa e fafatsoa sethaleng sa lipeo, Brassinolide (BR) e bapala karolo ho khothaletseng ho thehoa ha metso.
11. Phello e ntseng e eketseha ea lihlahisoa
Lintlha tsa liteko tsa saense li bontša hore ka mor'a ho sebelisa brassinolides, tlhahiso ea raese e ka eketseha ka 5.3% ~ 12.6%, tlhahiso ea poone e ka eketseha ka 6.3% ~ 20.2%, melon le tlhahiso ea meroho e ka eketseha ka 12.6% ~ 38.8%, tlhahiso ea peanut e ka eketseha e ka eketseha ka 10.4% ~ 32.6%, mme tlhahiso ea 'moba e ka eketseha ka 9.5% ~ 18.9% (tekanyo ea tsoekere e eketseha ka 0.5%~1%).
12. Fokotsa kotsi ea lithethefatsi
Likokoana-hloko, tšebeliso e fosahetseng ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, kapa tekanyo e sa lokelang ea mahloriso e ka baka phytotoxicity habonolo. Tšebeliso e nakong ea Brassinolide (BR) hammoho le manyolo a foliar a boleng bo holimo a ka laola lipalangoang tsa limatlafatsi, ho tlatselletsa phepo, le ho fokotsa tšenyo ea lijalo e bakoang ke ts'ebeliso e fosahetseng ea meriana, ho potlakisa ho fola le ho hola.
Brassinolide (BR) e etsa eng?
Brassinolide (BR) e fapane le balaoli ba bang ba kholo ea limela ka tsela e le 'ngoe e shebaneng le ho phahamisa chai le ho ntlafatsa boleng. Ka mohlala, ha e na feela mesebetsi ea 'mele ea auxin le cytokinin, empa hape e na le bokhoni ba ho eketsa photosynthesis le ho laola phepelo ea limatlafatsi, ho khothalletsa ho tsamaisoa ha lik'habohaedreite ho tloha ho stems le makhasi ho ea ho lijo-thollo, ho ntlafatsa khanyetso ea lijalo ho lintho tse mpe tse ka ntle, le khothalletsa kholo ea likarolo tse fokolang tsa semela. Ka hona, e na le ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng haholo le e sebetsang.
1. Monate le mebala
Ho sebelisa Brassinolide (BR) ho ka natefisa 'moba le ho eketsa karolo ea makhasi a koae a mahareng le a boemo bo holimo. Ho e sebelisa ho lamunu ho ka ntlafatsa bofokoli bo kang letlalo le teteaneng, litholoana tse hlabang, litholoana tse khopameng, le lignification tse bakoang ke ho fafatsa gibberellins. Li-lychees, mahapu, joalo-joalo E sebelisoa ka linaoa, e ka etsa junifomo ea litholoana, ea ntlafatsa ponahalo, ea eketsa theko ea thekiso le ho eketsa chelete.
2. Ho lieha ho hlaha ha makhasi
E boloka botala nako e telele, e matlafatsa chlorophyll synthesis, e ntlafatsa photosynthesis, 'me e khothalletsa 'mala oa makhasi hore o tebe le ho fetoha o motala.
3. Khothalletsa lipalesa le ho boloka litholoana
E sebelisoa nakong ea lipalesa le litholoana tse nyenyane, e ka khothalletsa lipalesa le litholoana le ho thibela ho theoha ha litholoana.
4. Khothaletsa karohano ea lisele le katoloso ea litholoana
Ho hlakile hore e ka khothaletsa karohano ea lisele le ho khothaletsa kholo e otlolohileng le e otlolohileng ea litho, ka hona e holisa litholoana.
5. Eketsa tlhahiso
Ho senya molemo o ka holimo le ho khothalletsa ho mela ha li-lateral buds ho ka phunyeletsa karohano ea li-buds, ho khothalletsa ho thehoa ha makala a lateral, ho eketsa palo ea makala, ho eketsa palo ea lipalesa, ho ntlafatsa manyolo a peo e phofo, kahoo ho eketsa palo ea litholoana le ho eketsa tlhahiso. .
6. Ntlafatsa khoebo ea lijalo
E susumetsa parthenocarpy, e thibela ho theoha ha lipalesa le litholoana, e khothalletsa protheine synthesis, e eketsa tsoekere, e ntlafatsa boleng ba lijalo, 'me e ntlafatsa thekiso.
7. Laola le ho leka-lekanya phepo e nepahetseng
Brassinolide (BR) ha se manyolo a makhasi ebile ha e na phello ea phepo e nepahetseng, kahoo tšebeliso e tsoakiloeng ea manyolo a foliar hammoho le brassinolide e sebetsa haholo. Manyolo a foliar a ka tlatsetsa matsoai a limela, empa ha a na bokhoni ba ho leka-lekanya le ho laola lipalangoang tsa limatlafatsi; Brassinolide (BR) e ka tsamaisa limatlafatsi ka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng, e lumellang tsamaiso ea phepo e nepahetseng, e le hore kholo ea limela le ea ho ikatisa ea lijalo e ka fumana limatlafatsi tse utloahalang.
8. Sterilize le ho eketsa katleho, ka potlako tsosolosa khōlo
Li-fungicides li ka thibela maloetse feela empa li na le phello e fokolang ho tsosolosa khōlo ea lijalo. Brassinolide e ka leka-lekanya lipalangoang tsa limatlafatsi, ea khothalletsa ho monya metso, le ho khothalletsa photosynthesis. Ka hona, ha li-fungicides li kopantsoe le brassinoids, melemo ea tsona ea tlatselletsana. Brassinolide (BR) e thusa kalafong ya malwetse mme e na le phello e ntle ho hlaphoheloeng le kgolong ya dijalo.
9. Ho hanyetsa serame, ho hanyetsa serame, ho hanyetsa komello le ho hanyetsa mafu
Ka mor'a hore Brassinolide (BR) e kene semeleng, ha e ntlafatse photosynthesis feela le ho khothalletsa kholo le nts'etsopele, empa hape e na le phello e khethehileng ea tšireletso tsamaisong ea lisele tsa semela ho hanela tšenyo e ka morao ea tikoloho. E ka boela ea susumetsa mosebetsi oa li-enzyme tse sireletsang semela, ho fokotsa haholo lintho tse kotsi. Tšenyo ea kholo e tloaelehileng ea limela le ho ntlafatsa ka botlalo khatello ea maikutlo ho hanyetsa lijalo.
Liteko li entsoe ka raese, likomkomere, tamati, koae, joalo-joalo, 'me litholoana ke:
1) Mocheso o tlase:
Ho fafatsa Brassinolide (BR) ho ka eketsa sekhahla sa ho beha peo ea mefuta ea raese ka 40.1% tlas'a mocheso o tlase. Ts'ebetso ea eona ea 'mele ea ho ntlafatsa mamello e batang ea raese e bonahala haholo ka ho ntlafatsa metabolism ea raese le ho khothaletsa kholo le nts'etsopele ea litho tsa raese. Limela tse phekoloang ka Brassinolide (BR) li ntlafalitse haholo matšoao a 'mele a ho hanyetsa serame tlas'a maemo a teko a 1 ho isa ho 5°C.
2) Mocheso o phahameng:
Tšebeliso ea Brassinolide (BR) e ka eketsa haholo chlorophyll ea lekhasi le protheine, superoxide dismutase (SOD) le peroxidase (POD) mesebetsi ea mefuta ea raese e sa utloeng mocheso.
3) Letsoai-alkali:
Peo e phekoloang ka Brassinolide (BR) e ntse e ka boloka sekhahla se phahameng sa ho mela sebakeng sa 150 mmol NaCl. Ka mor'a hore limela tsa harese tse phekotsoeng Brassinolide (BR) li kolobisoe ka 500 mmol NaCl ka lihora tse 24, tlhahlobo ea ultramicroscopic e bontšitse hore sebopeho sa makhasi a harese se ne se sirelelitsoe.
4) Komello:
Lijalo tse kang tsoekere ea beet e phekoloang ka Brassinolide (BR) e hola hantle ho feta sehlopha sa taolo sebakeng sa komello.
5) Ho hanyetsa mafu:
Brassinolide (BR) e ka boela ea fokotsa tšenyo e bakoang ke mafu a itseng a limela, a kang rice sheath blight, cucumber grey hlobo le tamati late blight. Mabapi le koae, ha e khothalletse kholo ea koae feela, empa hape e na le phello ea taolo ea 70% ho lefu la mosaic la koae. Ke sesebelisoa se loketseng ho thibela le ho alafa lefu la motso oa koae. Ho hanyetsa maloetse ha limela ho laoloa ke liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa semela ka boeona. Leha ho le joalo, Brassinolide (BR) ester e ka laola ka botlalo tšebetso ea 'mele le ea biochemical ea semela, ka hona ea fokotsa lefu lena. Ka nako e ts'oanang, joalo ka homone ea semela, Brassinolide (BR) e ka baka khanyetso e itseng. Polelo ea lefu la liphatsa tsa lefutso e ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa maloetse a limela.
10. Khothalletsa kholo ea lipeo
Ha e sebelisoa joalo ka kalafo ea peo kapa e fafatsoa sethaleng sa lipeo, Brassinolide (BR) e bapala karolo ho khothaletseng ho thehoa ha metso.
11. Phello e ntseng e eketseha ea lihlahisoa
Lintlha tsa liteko tsa saense li bontša hore ka mor'a ho sebelisa brassinolides, tlhahiso ea raese e ka eketseha ka 5.3% ~ 12.6%, tlhahiso ea poone e ka eketseha ka 6.3% ~ 20.2%, melon le tlhahiso ea meroho e ka eketseha ka 12.6% ~ 38.8%, tlhahiso ea peanut e ka eketseha e ka eketseha ka 10.4% ~ 32.6%, mme tlhahiso ea 'moba e ka eketseha ka 9.5% ~ 18.9% (tekanyo ea tsoekere e eketseha ka 0.5%~1%).
12. Fokotsa kotsi ea lithethefatsi
Likokoana-hloko, tšebeliso e fosahetseng ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, kapa tekanyo e sa lokelang ea mahloriso e ka baka phytotoxicity habonolo. Tšebeliso e nakong ea Brassinolide (BR) hammoho le manyolo a foliar a boleng bo holimo a ka laola lipalangoang tsa limatlafatsi, ho tlatselletsa phepo, le ho fokotsa tšenyo ea lijalo e bakoang ke ts'ebeliso e fosahetseng ea meriana, ho potlakisa ho fola le ho hola.
