E khothalelitsoe batsamaisi ba tikoloho ea semela se nang le tikoloho ea limela e thusa ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea temo ebe u fihlela tlhahiso e tala
Ka kakaretso batsamaisi ba ho qetela ba li-arter ea setsi hangata ba arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e 'meli:
1. Li-hormone tsa tlhaho tsa limela tsa tlhaho kapa li-analogs tsa tsona;
2. Libaka tse ntšitsoeng linthong tsa tlhaho kapa tse fumanoeng ka ho belisoa ke microbial. Tsena ka kakaretso li fokola habonolo tikolohong 'me li na le chefo e tlase ho likotoana tse se nang litsong (joalo ka linotši le linonyana).
Tse latelang ke li-atsamaisi tsa kholo ea limela tse amoheloang ka kakaretso e le tšilafalo e nyane ebile e le haufi le tikoloho.
I. Mefuta e meholo ea batsamaisi ba kholo ea tikoloho
1. Gibberellin, GA
Mohloli: Qalong e ile ea fumanoa ho tsoa ho li-gibberellin tsa fungus, tse bakang kholo e feteletseng ea raese, hona joale ba hlahisoa ke belisoa ha likokoana-hloko.
Features: They are natural plant hormones that promote cell elongation, break seed dormancy, and promote fruit enlargement (such as seedless grapes) and bolting and flowering.
Melemo ea Tikoloho: Ke lihlahisoa tse belisoa ka mokhoa o nyonyehang hantle tikolohong, li na le masala a tlase, 'me li tlase haholo ho phoofolo.
2. Brassinolide (BR)
Mohloli: Qalong e ntšitsoeng ke peo ea masene, BR e nkiloe ka likerenase tse bolokiloeng (joalo ka li-analogs tse halikiloeng (joalo ka 60-zashesnide).
Litlatsetso: Tse tsejoang e le Hormone ea lijalo tsa botšelela, e ntlafatsa haholo khanyetso ea limela (ho bata, ho khothaletsa kholo, ho khothaletsa kholo le boleng.
Botsoalle ba tikoloho: BR e sebelisoa haholo ka meaho e tlase haholo (0.01-0.1 PPM). Ke ntho e sebetsang e sebetsang haholo, e nang le chefo e nang le habonolo e bakang hang ka tlhaho.
3. S-vistcisic acid (s-aba)
Mohloli: Ho hlaha li-hormone tsa semela tse etsahalang ka tlhaho tse ka hlahisoang ka tekanyo e kholo ka lebaka la ho beoa ha likokoana-hloko.
Likarolo: Ts'ebetso ea eona ea mantlha ke ho susumetsa ho mamella ha khatello ea maikutlo ho limela, ho ba thusa ho mamella likhatello tse kang komello, e batang le letsoai. E boetse e khothalletsa Dormancy le 'mala oa litholoana.
Botsoalle ba tikoloho: Ke ntho e teng ka tlhaho ho limela, e na le puisano e ntle ea tikoloho le lisosa tsa tikoloho kapele.
4. Jasmonic acid methyl jasmonate (ja meja)
Mohloli: Semela sa semela sa tlhaho se ka hlahisoang le sona.
Likarolo: E laola lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa limela, li laola ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ea semela ho loantša likoko le maloetse. E boetse e nka karolo ho kholo ea metso le ho butsoa litholoana.
Botsoalle ba tikoloho: E le molek'hule e sentsoeng, e hloka tšebeliso e fokolang ebile e senyehile habonolo.
5. Diethyl aminothl hexanota (da-6)
Mohloli: Kotsi ea maiketsetso e nang le chefo e tlase haholo.
Litlatsetso: E na le mosebetsi o phahameng oa taolo le botsitso, a ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea limela peroxidase, khothalletsa linepe le boleng. Tšireletso ea tikoloho: Ke motsamaisi oa tikoloho o nang le chefo, 'me o sireletsehile tikolohong ha ho laetsoe ka litekanyetso tse khothalelitsoeng.
6. Likarolo tsa leoatleng
Mohloli: E ntšitsoe ke leoatle la tlhaho (joalo ka tšepe e kholo).
Likarolo: Ha ho li-hormone e le 'ngoe, empa motsoako o rarahaneng o nang le li-axkin tse futhumatsang, cytoninains, likarolo tsa tšoantšetso le lintho tsa tlhaho. E batla e khothalelitseng kholo ea semela mme e ntlafatsa khatello ea maikutlo.
Melemo ea Tikoloho: E hlophisoa mehloling ea tlhaho, e sireletsehile hantle ebile e le haufi ebile e sebelisoa ka bongata temong e fapaneng.
7. Amino acid le li-acic tsa humic acid
Mohloli: E hlahisitsoe ka belisoa kapa ho nyenyefatsa ha limela le masala a liphoofolo.
Likarolo: Lintho tsena ha li na phepo e ntle ebile li ka tsosa maemo a semela, li ka tsosa maemo a mobu, le ho eketsa ts'ebeliso ea setsi.
Melemo ea Tikoloho: Joaloka lintho tsa tlhaho tsa tlhaho, ha ba na tšusumetso e mpe tikolohong mme ba ka ntlafatsa tikoloho ea mobu.
II. Ts'ebeliso ea Liteko
Ts'ebeliso e lebisitsoeng: Khetha sehlahisoa se nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa se thehiloeng ho lijalo le sepheo se reriloeng, ho boloka khatello ea litholoana, ho boloka khatello ea maikutlo, jj.), 'Me u qobelle ho iphetetsa.
Ho Sireletsa Lintho Tseo E seng Sebakeng se Seng Liaparo: Qoba ho kenya diketso tse bolaeang nakong ea thun ho sireletsa batho ba sililoeng ba tsamaisang pejana joalo ka linotši joalo ka linotši joalo ka lino. Rera karolo e loketseng pakeng tsa lits'ebetso le kotulo.
Tsamaiso e kopaneng ea ho hola: Batsamaisi ba kholo ea limela ha se panacea. Li lokela ho kopanngoa le taolo ea mobu e phetseng hantle, manyolo a leka-lekaneng, nosetso e loketseng, le taolo e kopaneng ea likokonyana (IPM) ho fihlela liphetho tse ngata.
Gibberellin, Brassinoelides, S-De-De-Asiti, le lintlha tse sehiloeng le leoatleng le fetintšetseho hajoale li na le li-batsamaisi ba kholo ba setsi.
Boholo ba tsona lia nkiloe ebile li nyenyefatsa ka potlako tikolohong, li li etsa likhetho tse ntle tsa ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea temo le ho khothaletsa tlhahiso e tala.
1. Li-hormone tsa tlhaho tsa limela tsa tlhaho kapa li-analogs tsa tsona;
2. Libaka tse ntšitsoeng linthong tsa tlhaho kapa tse fumanoeng ka ho belisoa ke microbial. Tsena ka kakaretso li fokola habonolo tikolohong 'me li na le chefo e tlase ho likotoana tse se nang litsong (joalo ka linotši le linonyana).
Tse latelang ke li-atsamaisi tsa kholo ea limela tse amoheloang ka kakaretso e le tšilafalo e nyane ebile e le haufi le tikoloho.
I. Mefuta e meholo ea batsamaisi ba kholo ea tikoloho
1. Gibberellin, GA
Mohloli: Qalong e ile ea fumanoa ho tsoa ho li-gibberellin tsa fungus, tse bakang kholo e feteletseng ea raese, hona joale ba hlahisoa ke belisoa ha likokoana-hloko.
Features: They are natural plant hormones that promote cell elongation, break seed dormancy, and promote fruit enlargement (such as seedless grapes) and bolting and flowering.
Melemo ea Tikoloho: Ke lihlahisoa tse belisoa ka mokhoa o nyonyehang hantle tikolohong, li na le masala a tlase, 'me li tlase haholo ho phoofolo.
2. Brassinolide (BR)
Mohloli: Qalong e ntšitsoeng ke peo ea masene, BR e nkiloe ka likerenase tse bolokiloeng (joalo ka li-analogs tse halikiloeng (joalo ka 60-zashesnide).
Litlatsetso: Tse tsejoang e le Hormone ea lijalo tsa botšelela, e ntlafatsa haholo khanyetso ea limela (ho bata, ho khothaletsa kholo, ho khothaletsa kholo le boleng.
Botsoalle ba tikoloho: BR e sebelisoa haholo ka meaho e tlase haholo (0.01-0.1 PPM). Ke ntho e sebetsang e sebetsang haholo, e nang le chefo e nang le habonolo e bakang hang ka tlhaho.
3. S-vistcisic acid (s-aba)
Mohloli: Ho hlaha li-hormone tsa semela tse etsahalang ka tlhaho tse ka hlahisoang ka tekanyo e kholo ka lebaka la ho beoa ha likokoana-hloko.
Likarolo: Ts'ebetso ea eona ea mantlha ke ho susumetsa ho mamella ha khatello ea maikutlo ho limela, ho ba thusa ho mamella likhatello tse kang komello, e batang le letsoai. E boetse e khothalletsa Dormancy le 'mala oa litholoana.
Botsoalle ba tikoloho: Ke ntho e teng ka tlhaho ho limela, e na le puisano e ntle ea tikoloho le lisosa tsa tikoloho kapele.
4. Jasmonic acid methyl jasmonate (ja meja)
Mohloli: Semela sa semela sa tlhaho se ka hlahisoang le sona.
Likarolo: E laola lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa limela, li laola ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ea semela ho loantša likoko le maloetse. E boetse e nka karolo ho kholo ea metso le ho butsoa litholoana.
Botsoalle ba tikoloho: E le molek'hule e sentsoeng, e hloka tšebeliso e fokolang ebile e senyehile habonolo.
5. Diethyl aminothl hexanota (da-6)
Mohloli: Kotsi ea maiketsetso e nang le chefo e tlase haholo.
Litlatsetso: E na le mosebetsi o phahameng oa taolo le botsitso, a ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea limela peroxidase, khothalletsa linepe le boleng. Tšireletso ea tikoloho: Ke motsamaisi oa tikoloho o nang le chefo, 'me o sireletsehile tikolohong ha ho laetsoe ka litekanyetso tse khothalelitsoeng.
6. Likarolo tsa leoatleng
Mohloli: E ntšitsoe ke leoatle la tlhaho (joalo ka tšepe e kholo).
Likarolo: Ha ho li-hormone e le 'ngoe, empa motsoako o rarahaneng o nang le li-axkin tse futhumatsang, cytoninains, likarolo tsa tšoantšetso le lintho tsa tlhaho. E batla e khothalelitseng kholo ea semela mme e ntlafatsa khatello ea maikutlo.
Melemo ea Tikoloho: E hlophisoa mehloling ea tlhaho, e sireletsehile hantle ebile e le haufi ebile e sebelisoa ka bongata temong e fapaneng.
7. Amino acid le li-acic tsa humic acid
Mohloli: E hlahisitsoe ka belisoa kapa ho nyenyefatsa ha limela le masala a liphoofolo.
Likarolo: Lintho tsena ha li na phepo e ntle ebile li ka tsosa maemo a semela, li ka tsosa maemo a mobu, le ho eketsa ts'ebeliso ea setsi.
Melemo ea Tikoloho: Joaloka lintho tsa tlhaho tsa tlhaho, ha ba na tšusumetso e mpe tikolohong mme ba ka ntlafatsa tikoloho ea mobu.
II. Ts'ebeliso ea Liteko
Ts'ebeliso e lebisitsoeng: Khetha sehlahisoa se nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa se thehiloeng ho lijalo le sepheo se reriloeng, ho boloka khatello ea litholoana, ho boloka khatello ea maikutlo, jj.), 'Me u qobelle ho iphetetsa.
Ho Sireletsa Lintho Tseo E seng Sebakeng se Seng Liaparo: Qoba ho kenya diketso tse bolaeang nakong ea thun ho sireletsa batho ba sililoeng ba tsamaisang pejana joalo ka linotši joalo ka linotši joalo ka lino. Rera karolo e loketseng pakeng tsa lits'ebetso le kotulo.
Tsamaiso e kopaneng ea ho hola: Batsamaisi ba kholo ea limela ha se panacea. Li lokela ho kopanngoa le taolo ea mobu e phetseng hantle, manyolo a leka-lekaneng, nosetso e loketseng, le taolo e kopaneng ea likokonyana (IPM) ho fihlela liphetho tse ngata.
Gibberellin, Brassinoelides, S-De-De-Asiti, le lintlha tse sehiloeng le leoatleng le fetintšetseho hajoale li na le li-batsamaisi ba kholo ba setsi.
Boholo ba tsona lia nkiloe ebile li nyenyefatsa ka potlako tikolohong, li li etsa likhetho tse ntle tsa ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea temo le ho khothaletsa tlhahiso e tala.
