Ọrụ nke Brassinolide (BR)
Brassinolide (BR) bụ nnukwu ụdịdị dị iche iche ma na-achịkwa uto osisi nke ọma. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị Amerịka chọpụtara ya na 1970 ma kpọọ aha brassinolide, a na-akpọ brassinolide ụdị nke isii nke hormone osisi n'ihi obere usoro ya na mmetụta dị irè.
Kedu ihe Brassinolide (BR) na-eme?
Brassinolide (BR) dị iche na ndị na-ahụ maka uto osisi ndị ọzọ n'otu ụzọ ya na-ezubere iji kwalite mkpụrụ osisi na imeziwanye mma. Dị ka ihe atụ, ọ bụghị nanị na nwere physiological ọrụ nke auxin na cytokinin, ma nwere ike dịkwuo photosynthesis na mezie edozi nkesa, na-akwalite iga nke carbohydrates si ị ga na epupụta na ọka, melite akuku iguzogide mpụga oghom ihe, na kwalite uto nke na-adịghị ike akụkụ nke osisi. Ya mere, ọ nwere oke obosara usability na bara uru.
1. Ịtọ ụtọ na agba
Iji Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike mee ka okpete shuga dị ụtọ ma mụbaa oke nke akwụkwọ ụtaba na-ajụ ọkara na nke dị elu. Iji ya na citrus nwere ike imezi ntụpọ dị ka akpụkpọ ahụ siri ike, mkpụrụ osisi chara acha, mkpụrụ gbagọrọ agbagọ, na lignification nke ịgbasa gibberellins kpatara. Lychees, melons, wdg A na-eji agwa agwa mee ihe, ọ nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ osisi ahụ dị n'otu, meziwanye ọdịdị ahụ, dịkwuo ọnụ ahịa ire ere ma nwekwuo ego.
2. Igbu oge senescence akwukwo
Ọ na-edobe akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ruo ogologo oge, na-ewusi njikọ chlorophyll ike, na-eme ka photosynthesis dịkwuo mma, na-akwalite agba akwụkwọ iji mikwuo ma tụgharịa akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
3. Kwalite okooko osisi ma chekwaa mkpụrụ osisi
A na-eji ya n'oge okooko osisi na mkpụrụ osisi na-eto eto, ọ nwere ike ịkwalite okooko osisi na mkpụrụ osisi ma gbochie ọdịda mkpụrụ osisi.
4. Kwalite nkewa cell na mmụba mkpụrụ osisi
O doro anya na ọ nwere ike ịkwalite nkewa nke mkpụrụ ndụ ma kwalite uto nke akụkụ ahụ na kwụ ọtọ, si otú ahụ gbasaa mkpụrụ osisi.
5. Mmụba ngwaahịa
Na-agbaji n'elu uru na ịkwalite germination nke mpụta buds nwere ike banye na ọdịiche nke buds, na-akwalite guzobe nke mpụta alaka, na-amụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke alaka, na-amụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke okooko osisi, mma pollen Fertilization, si otú na-amụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpụrụ osisi na-amụba mmepụta. .
6. Melite azụmahịa nke ihe ọkụkụ
Na-ebute parthenocarpy, na-egbochi ifuru na mkpụrụ osisi, na-akwalite njikọ protein, na-abawanye ọdịnaya shuga, na-eme ka ihe ọkụkụ dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ahịa dịkwuo mma.
7. Mezie na itule nri
Brassinolide (BR) abụghị fatịlaịza foliar na enweghị mmetụta nri, yabụ ngwa agwakọta fatịlaịza foliar yana brassinolide na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Fatịlaịza foliar nwere ike ịgbakwunye ihe ọkụkụ na-edozi ahụ, mana ọ nweghị ikike ịhazi na ịhazi njem nri nri; Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike ibufe nri ndị na-edozi ahụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi, na-enye ohere iduzi ntụzi aka nri, ka ma mkpụrụ osisi na ịmụ nwa nke ihe ọkụkụ wee nweta nri ezi uche dị na ya.
8. Sterilize na ịbawanye arụmọrụ, weghachi ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa
Fungicides nwere ike igbochi ọrịa mana ọ naghị enwe mmetụta dị nta na iweghachi ihe ọkụkụ. Brassinolide nwere ike ịhazi njem nri nri, kwalite mmịpụta mgbọrọgwụ, ma kwalite photosynthesis. Ya mere, mgbe agwakọta fungicides na brassinoids, uru ha na-akwado. Brassinolide (BR) na-enyere aka na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa ma nwee mmetụta dị mma na mgbake na uto ihe ọkụkụ.
9. Nguzogide oyi, ntu oyi, mgbochi mmiri ozuzo na nguzogide ọrịa
Mgbe Brassinolide (BR) batara n'ime osisi ahụ, ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-eme ka photosynthesis dịkwuo elu ma na-akwalite uto na mmepe, kamakwa ọ na-enwe mmetụta nchebe pụrụ iche na usoro mkpụrụ ndụ ihe ọkụkụ iji guzogide mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ nwekwara ike kpalite ọrụ nke enzymes nchebe na osisi ahụ, na-ebelata ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ nke ukwuu. Mmebi ndị nkịtị uto nke osisi na comprehensively melite nchekasị iguzogide nke kụrụ.
Emeela nnwale na osikapa, kukumba, tomato, ụtaba, wdg, ihe si na ya pụta bụ:
1) Obere okpomọkụ:
Ịfesa Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụego nhazi mkpụrụ nke ụdị osikapa site na 40.1% n'okpuru obere okpomọkụ. Ya physiological ọrụ nke melite oyi ndidi osikapa bụ tumadi pụtara na melite physiological metabolism nke osikapa na-akwalite uto na mmepe nke osikapa akụkụ. Osisi a na-agwọ ya na Brassinolide (BR) emeela ka ihe nrịbama nguzogide oyi na-atụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ nnwale nke 1 ruo 5 Celsius.
2) Okpomọkụ dị elu:
Ngwa nke Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike ịbawanye chlorophyll akwukwo na ọdịnaya protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD) na peroxidase (POD) nke ụdị osikapa na-enwe mmetụta ọkụ.
3) Nnu-alkali:
Mkpụrụ a na-agwọ na Brassinolide (BR) ka nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe oke mkpụrụ osisi na gburugburu 150 mmol NaCl. Mgbe Brassinolide (BR) - nke a na-agwọ ọrịa na-agbanye na 500 mmol NaCl maka awa 24, nyocha nke ultramicroscopic gosiri na a na-echekwa nhazi nke akwụkwọ ọka bali.
4) Oke ọkọchị:
Ihe ọkụkụ dị ka beet shuga ejiri Brassinolide (BR) agwọ ya na-eto nke ọma karịa ndị otu na-achịkwa na gburugburu ụkọ mmiri ozuzo.
5) Nguzogide ọrịa:
Brassinolide (BR) nwekwara ike ibelata mmebi nke ọrịa ụfọdụ osisi na-akpata, dị ka osikapa n'ọbọ blight, kukumba isi awọ na tomato mbubreyo blight. N'ihe banyere ụtaba, ọ bụghị nanị na-akwalite uto ụtaba, kamakwa ọ na-enwe mmetụta nchịkwa nke 70% na ọrịa mosaic ụtaba. Ọ bụ ezigbo onye nnọchi anya maka igbochi na ịgwọ ọrịa mosaic ụtaba. Ọrịa na-eguzogide ọrịa nke osisi na-achịkwa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke osisi ahụ n'onwe ya. Agbanyeghị, Brassinolide (BR) ester nwere ike ịhazi usoro physiological na biochemical nke osisi ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu, si otú ahụ belata ọrịa ahụ. N'otu oge ahụ, dị ka hormone osisi, Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike ime ka ụfọdụ nguzogide. Okwu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ọrịa enhances ọrịa iguzogide osisi.
10. Na-akwalite uto seedling
Mgbe ejiri ya dị ka ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ ma ọ bụ fesa n'oge mkpụrụ osisi, Brassinolide (BR) na-ekere òkè n'ịkwalite nhazi mgbọrọgwụ.
11. Mmetụta na-abawanye ụba
Nnyocha nyocha sayensị na-egosi na mgbe ejiri brassinolides mee ihe, mmepụta osikapa nwere ike ịbawanye site na 5.3% ~ 12.6%, mmepụta ọka nwere ike ịbawanye site na 6.3% ~ 20.2%, egusi na mmepụta ihe oriri nwere ike ịbawanye site na 12.6% ~ 38.8%, mmepụta ahụekere nwere ike ịba ụba. ga-abawanye site na 10.4% ~ 32.6%, na mmepụta okpete nwere ike ịbawanye site na 9.5% ~ 18.9% (ọdịnaya shuga na-abawanye site na 0.5% ~ 1%).
12. Ibelata ọgwụ ọjọọ
Ọgwụ herbicides, iji ọgwụ nje fungicidal eme ihe na-ezighi ezi, ma ọ bụ oke ịta ahụhụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị nwere ike ibute phytotoxicity ngwa ngwa. Iji Brassinolide (BR) mee ihe n'oge yana fatịlaịza foliar dị elu nwere ike ịhazi njem nri na-edozi ahụ, gbakwunye nri na-edozi ahụ, ma belata mmebi nke ihe ọkụkụ na-emebi site na iji ọgwụ eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị, na-eme ka mgbake ihe ọkụkụ na-eto ngwa ngwa.
Kedu ihe Brassinolide (BR) na-eme?
Brassinolide (BR) dị iche na ndị na-ahụ maka uto osisi ndị ọzọ n'otu ụzọ ya na-ezubere iji kwalite mkpụrụ osisi na imeziwanye mma. Dị ka ihe atụ, ọ bụghị nanị na nwere physiological ọrụ nke auxin na cytokinin, ma nwere ike dịkwuo photosynthesis na mezie edozi nkesa, na-akwalite iga nke carbohydrates si ị ga na epupụta na ọka, melite akuku iguzogide mpụga oghom ihe, na kwalite uto nke na-adịghị ike akụkụ nke osisi. Ya mere, ọ nwere oke obosara usability na bara uru.
1. Ịtọ ụtọ na agba
Iji Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike mee ka okpete shuga dị ụtọ ma mụbaa oke nke akwụkwọ ụtaba na-ajụ ọkara na nke dị elu. Iji ya na citrus nwere ike imezi ntụpọ dị ka akpụkpọ ahụ siri ike, mkpụrụ osisi chara acha, mkpụrụ gbagọrọ agbagọ, na lignification nke ịgbasa gibberellins kpatara. Lychees, melons, wdg A na-eji agwa agwa mee ihe, ọ nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ osisi ahụ dị n'otu, meziwanye ọdịdị ahụ, dịkwuo ọnụ ahịa ire ere ma nwekwuo ego.
2. Igbu oge senescence akwukwo
Ọ na-edobe akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ruo ogologo oge, na-ewusi njikọ chlorophyll ike, na-eme ka photosynthesis dịkwuo mma, na-akwalite agba akwụkwọ iji mikwuo ma tụgharịa akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
3. Kwalite okooko osisi ma chekwaa mkpụrụ osisi
A na-eji ya n'oge okooko osisi na mkpụrụ osisi na-eto eto, ọ nwere ike ịkwalite okooko osisi na mkpụrụ osisi ma gbochie ọdịda mkpụrụ osisi.
4. Kwalite nkewa cell na mmụba mkpụrụ osisi
O doro anya na ọ nwere ike ịkwalite nkewa nke mkpụrụ ndụ ma kwalite uto nke akụkụ ahụ na kwụ ọtọ, si otú ahụ gbasaa mkpụrụ osisi.
5. Mmụba ngwaahịa
Na-agbaji n'elu uru na ịkwalite germination nke mpụta buds nwere ike banye na ọdịiche nke buds, na-akwalite guzobe nke mpụta alaka, na-amụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke alaka, na-amụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke okooko osisi, mma pollen Fertilization, si otú na-amụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpụrụ osisi na-amụba mmepụta. .
6. Melite azụmahịa nke ihe ọkụkụ
Na-ebute parthenocarpy, na-egbochi ifuru na mkpụrụ osisi, na-akwalite njikọ protein, na-abawanye ọdịnaya shuga, na-eme ka ihe ọkụkụ dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ahịa dịkwuo mma.
7. Mezie na itule nri
Brassinolide (BR) abụghị fatịlaịza foliar na enweghị mmetụta nri, yabụ ngwa agwakọta fatịlaịza foliar yana brassinolide na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Fatịlaịza foliar nwere ike ịgbakwunye ihe ọkụkụ na-edozi ahụ, mana ọ nweghị ikike ịhazi na ịhazi njem nri nri; Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike ibufe nri ndị na-edozi ahụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi, na-enye ohere iduzi ntụzi aka nri, ka ma mkpụrụ osisi na ịmụ nwa nke ihe ọkụkụ wee nweta nri ezi uche dị na ya.
8. Sterilize na ịbawanye arụmọrụ, weghachi ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa
Fungicides nwere ike igbochi ọrịa mana ọ naghị enwe mmetụta dị nta na iweghachi ihe ọkụkụ. Brassinolide nwere ike ịhazi njem nri nri, kwalite mmịpụta mgbọrọgwụ, ma kwalite photosynthesis. Ya mere, mgbe agwakọta fungicides na brassinoids, uru ha na-akwado. Brassinolide (BR) na-enyere aka na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa ma nwee mmetụta dị mma na mgbake na uto ihe ọkụkụ.
9. Nguzogide oyi, ntu oyi, mgbochi mmiri ozuzo na nguzogide ọrịa
Mgbe Brassinolide (BR) batara n'ime osisi ahụ, ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-eme ka photosynthesis dịkwuo elu ma na-akwalite uto na mmepe, kamakwa ọ na-enwe mmetụta nchebe pụrụ iche na usoro mkpụrụ ndụ ihe ọkụkụ iji guzogide mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ nwekwara ike kpalite ọrụ nke enzymes nchebe na osisi ahụ, na-ebelata ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ nke ukwuu. Mmebi ndị nkịtị uto nke osisi na comprehensively melite nchekasị iguzogide nke kụrụ.
Emeela nnwale na osikapa, kukumba, tomato, ụtaba, wdg, ihe si na ya pụta bụ:
1) Obere okpomọkụ:
Ịfesa Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụego nhazi mkpụrụ nke ụdị osikapa site na 40.1% n'okpuru obere okpomọkụ. Ya physiological ọrụ nke melite oyi ndidi osikapa bụ tumadi pụtara na melite physiological metabolism nke osikapa na-akwalite uto na mmepe nke osikapa akụkụ. Osisi a na-agwọ ya na Brassinolide (BR) emeela ka ihe nrịbama nguzogide oyi na-atụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ nnwale nke 1 ruo 5 Celsius.
2) Okpomọkụ dị elu:
Ngwa nke Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike ịbawanye chlorophyll akwukwo na ọdịnaya protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD) na peroxidase (POD) nke ụdị osikapa na-enwe mmetụta ọkụ.
3) Nnu-alkali:
Mkpụrụ a na-agwọ na Brassinolide (BR) ka nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe oke mkpụrụ osisi na gburugburu 150 mmol NaCl. Mgbe Brassinolide (BR) - nke a na-agwọ ọrịa na-agbanye na 500 mmol NaCl maka awa 24, nyocha nke ultramicroscopic gosiri na a na-echekwa nhazi nke akwụkwọ ọka bali.
4) Oke ọkọchị:
Ihe ọkụkụ dị ka beet shuga ejiri Brassinolide (BR) agwọ ya na-eto nke ọma karịa ndị otu na-achịkwa na gburugburu ụkọ mmiri ozuzo.
5) Nguzogide ọrịa:
Brassinolide (BR) nwekwara ike ibelata mmebi nke ọrịa ụfọdụ osisi na-akpata, dị ka osikapa n'ọbọ blight, kukumba isi awọ na tomato mbubreyo blight. N'ihe banyere ụtaba, ọ bụghị nanị na-akwalite uto ụtaba, kamakwa ọ na-enwe mmetụta nchịkwa nke 70% na ọrịa mosaic ụtaba. Ọ bụ ezigbo onye nnọchi anya maka igbochi na ịgwọ ọrịa mosaic ụtaba. Ọrịa na-eguzogide ọrịa nke osisi na-achịkwa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke osisi ahụ n'onwe ya. Agbanyeghị, Brassinolide (BR) ester nwere ike ịhazi usoro physiological na biochemical nke osisi ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu, si otú ahụ belata ọrịa ahụ. N'otu oge ahụ, dị ka hormone osisi, Brassinolide (BR) nwere ike ime ka ụfọdụ nguzogide. Okwu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ọrịa enhances ọrịa iguzogide osisi.
10. Na-akwalite uto seedling
Mgbe ejiri ya dị ka ọgwụgwọ mkpụrụ ma ọ bụ fesa n'oge mkpụrụ osisi, Brassinolide (BR) na-ekere òkè n'ịkwalite nhazi mgbọrọgwụ.
11. Mmetụta na-abawanye ụba
Nnyocha nyocha sayensị na-egosi na mgbe ejiri brassinolides mee ihe, mmepụta osikapa nwere ike ịbawanye site na 5.3% ~ 12.6%, mmepụta ọka nwere ike ịbawanye site na 6.3% ~ 20.2%, egusi na mmepụta ihe oriri nwere ike ịbawanye site na 12.6% ~ 38.8%, mmepụta ahụekere nwere ike ịba ụba. ga-abawanye site na 10.4% ~ 32.6%, na mmepụta okpete nwere ike ịbawanye site na 9.5% ~ 18.9% (ọdịnaya shuga na-abawanye site na 0.5% ~ 1%).
12. Ibelata ọgwụ ọjọọ
Ọgwụ herbicides, iji ọgwụ nje fungicidal eme ihe na-ezighi ezi, ma ọ bụ oke ịta ahụhụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị nwere ike ibute phytotoxicity ngwa ngwa. Iji Brassinolide (BR) mee ihe n'oge yana fatịlaịza foliar dị elu nwere ike ịhazi njem nri na-edozi ahụ, gbakwunye nri na-edozi ahụ, ma belata mmebi nke ihe ọkụkụ na-emebi site na iji ọgwụ eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị, na-eme ka mgbake ihe ọkụkụ na-eto ngwa ngwa.
