Mabasa eBrassinolide (BR)
Brassinolide (BR) inzvimbo yakakura uye inoshanda yekukura kwechirimwa. Yakawanikwa nemasayendisiti ezvekurima ekuAmerica muna 1970 uye yakanzi brassinolide, brassinolide inodaidzwa kuti rudzi rwechitanhatu rwehomoni yechirimwa nekuda kwediki dosi uye mhedzisiro inoshanda.
Chii chinoita Brassinolide (BR)?
Brassinolide (BR) yakasiyana nedzimwe mirairi yekukura kwezvirimwa munzira yayo imwe yakananga mukusimudzira goho nekuvandudza mhando. Semuyenzaniso, haina kungoita zvefiziological mabasa eauxin uye cytokinin, asi zvakare inokwanisa kuwedzera photosynthesis uye kudzora kugoverwa kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri, inosimudzira kutakurwa kwemacarbohydrates kubva padzinde nemashizha kusvika kuzviyo, kunatsiridza kuramba kwechirimwa kune kunze kwakashata zvinhu, uye kukurudzira kukura kwezvikamu zvisina simba zvechirimwa. Naizvozvo, ine yakanyanya kupararira usability uye inoshanda.
1. Kutapira uye kuisa mavara
Kushandisa Brassinolide (BR) kunogona kutapira nzimbe uye kuwedzera chikamu chemashizha efodya yepakati nepamusoro. Kuishandisa pa citrus kunogona kuvandudza hurema hwakaita seganda gobvu, muchero une mavanga, muchero wakakombama, uye lignification inokonzerwa nekufirita gibberellins. Lychees, mavise, etc. Inoshandiswa pabhinzi, inogona kuita yunifomu yemichero, kuvandudza chitarisiko, kuwedzera mutengo wekutengesa uye kuwedzera mari.
2. Kunonoka kuchena kwemashizha
Inochengetedza girinhi kwenguva yakareba, inosimbisa chlorophyll synthesis, inovandudza photosynthesis, uye inosimudzira ruvara rweshizha kudzika uye kuita girinhi.
3. Kurudzira maruva uye chengetedza michero
Inoshandiswa panguva yekutumbuka uye mudiki danho remichero, inogona kukurudzira maruva nemichero uye kudzivirira kudonha kwemichero.
4. Kurudzira kupatsanurwa kwesero uye kuwedzera michero
Zvinogona kusimudzira kupatsanurwa kwemasero uye kukurudzira kukura kwakatwasuka uye kwakatwasuka kwenhengo, nekudaro ichiwedzera chibereko.
5. Wedzera chigadzirwa
Kupwanya mukana wepamusoro uye nekusimudzira kumera kwe lateral buds kunogona kupinda mukusiyanisa kwebuds, kukurudzira kuumbwa kwematavi e lateral, kuwedzera huwandu hwematavi, kuwedzera huwandu hwemaruva, kunatsiridza mukume, nekudaro kuwedzera huwandu hwemichero uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa. .
6. Kuvandudza kutengeserana kwezvirimwa
Inokurudzira parthenocarpy, inodzivirira kudonha kwemaruva uye michero, inosimudzira mapuroteni synthesis, inowedzera shuga yemukati, inovandudza mhando yezvirimwa, uye inovandudza musika.
7. Rongedza uye kuenzanisa kudya
Brassinolide (BR) haisi foliar fertilizer uye haina kudya kunovaka muviri, saka kushandiswa kwakasanganiswa kwefoliar fertilizer plus brassinolide kunonyanya kushanda. Foliar fertilizer inogona kuwedzera kudya kwezvirimwa, asi haina kukwanisa kuenzana nekugadzirisa kutakura kwekudya; Brassinolide (BR) inogona kutakura chikafu nenzira yakadzikama, ichibvumira kutungamira kwekudyara, kuitira kuti zvese zvinomera uye kukura kwembeu kugamuchire kudya kunonzwisisika.
8. Sterilize uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, nokukurumidza kudzorera kukura
Mishonga yefungidziri inogona chete kudzvanyirira zvirwere asi ine simba shoma pakudzoreredza kukura kwembesa. Brassinolide inogona kuenzanisa kutakura kwekudya, kukurudzira kunyura kwemidzi, uye kukurudzira photosynthesis. Naizvozvo, kana fungicides yakasanganiswa nebrassinoids, zvakanakira zvavo zvinopindirana. Brassinolide (BR) inobatsira mukurapa kwechirwere uye ine mhedzisiro yakanaka pakupora nekukura kwembesa.
9. Cold resistance, frost resistance, kusanaya kwemvura uye kudzivirira zvirwere
Mushure mekunge Brassinolide (BR) yapinda muchirimwa, haingowedzere photosynthesis uye inosimudzira kukura nekusimudzira, asi inewo yakasarudzika inodzivirira pane chirimwa cell membrane system kuti irambe kudzoreredza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Inogonawo kukurudzira kushanda kwema enzymes ekudzivirira muchirimwa, ichideredza zvakanyanya zvinhu zvinokuvadza. Kukuvadzwa kukukura kwezvirimwa uye nekunatsiridza kusimba kwezvirimwa.
Ongororo dzakaitwa pamupunga, magaka, matomatisi, fodya, nezvimwewo, uye zvakabuda ndezvi:
1) Low tembiricha:
Kupfapfaidza Brassinolide (BR) kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwembeu dzemhando dzemupunga ne40.1% pasi petembiricha yakaderera. Basa rayo rehupenyu hwekuvandudza kutonhora kushivirira kwemupunga rinonyanya kuratidzwa mukuvandudza muviri wemetabolism yemupunga uye nekusimudzira kukura nekuvandudzwa kwenhengo dzemupunga. Zvirimwa zvakarapwa neBrassinolide (BR) zvakavandudza zvakanyanya kutonhora kuramba zviratidzo zvemuviri pasi peyedzo mamiriro e1 kusvika 5 ° C.
2) Kupisa kwepamusoro:
Kushandiswa kweBrassinolide (BR) kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya shizha chlorophyll uye mapuroteni emukati, superoxide dismutase (SOD) uye peroxidase (POD) zviitiko zvemhando dzemupunga unonzwa kupisa.
3) Munyu-alkali:
Mbeu inorapwa neBrassinolide (BR) inogona kuramba iine mwero wepamusoro wekumera munzvimbo ye150 mmol NaCl. Mushure mekunge Brassinolide (BR)-yakagadziriswa bhari zvirimwa zvakanyoroveswa mu500 mmol NaCl kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana, kuongorora kwe ultramicroscopic kwakaratidza kuti chimiro chemashizha ebhari chakadzivirirwa.
4) Kusanaya kwemvura:
Zvirimwa zvakadai seshuga beet inobatwa neBrassinolide (BR) inokura zviri nani kudarika boka rekutonga munzvimbo yekusanaya kwemvura.
5) Kuramba kwechirwere:
Brassinolide (BR) inogona zvakare kuderedza kukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nezvimwe zvirwere zvezvirimwa, senge rice sheath blight, cucumber grey mold uye tomato late blight. Panyaya yefodya, haisi kungokurudzira kukura kwefodya, asiwo ine simba rekutonga re70% pafodya mosaic chirwere. Mumiririri akakodzera kudzivirira nekurapa fodya mosaic chirwere. Kupokana kwechirwere chezvirimwa kunodzorwa nemajini echirimwa pachacho. Nekudaro, Brassinolide (BR) ester inogona kunyatso kudzora maitiro emuviri uye biochemical yechirimwa, nekudaro ichideredza chirwere. Panguva imwecheteyo, sehomoni yechirimwa, Brassinolide (BR) inogona kukonzera kumwe kuramba. Kutaura kwemajini echirwere kunowedzera kurwisa kwechirwere chezvirimwa.
10. Kurudzira kukura kwembesa
Kana ichishandiswa semushonga wembeu kana kupfapfaidzwa padanho rekudyara, Brassinolide (BR) inoita basa mukusimudzira kuumbwa kwemidzi.
11. Goho-kuwedzera mhedzisiro
Scientific experimental data inoratidza kuti mushure mekushandisa brassinolides, kugadzirwa kwemupunga kunogona kuwedzera ne5.3% ~ 12.6%, kugadzirwa kwechibage kunogona kuwedzera ne6.3% ~ 20.2%, melon uye kugadzirwa kwemiriwo kunogona kuwedzera ne12.6% ~ 38.8%, kugadzirwa kwenzungu kunogona kuwedzera. kuwedzera ne10.4% ~ 32.6%, uye kugadzirwa kwenzimbe kunogona kuwedzera ne9.5% ~ 18.9% (shuga inowedzera ne0.5%~1%).
12. Deredza kukuvadzwa kwezvinodhaka
Mishonga yesora, kushandiswa kusiri iko kwefungicidal mishonga yezvipembenene, kana kusakodzera kuenzanisa reshiyo kunogona kukonzera phytotoxicity zviri nyore. Kushandiswa nenguva kweBrassinolide (BR) pamwe nefoliar yemhando yepamusoro fetiraiza inogona kudzora kutakurwa kwezvinovaka muviri, kuwedzera zvinovaka muviri, uye kuderedza kukuvadzwa kwezvirimwa kunokonzerwa nekushandisa zvisina kunaka kukuvara kwemishonga, kukurumidza kupora uye kukura.
Chii chinoita Brassinolide (BR)?
Brassinolide (BR) yakasiyana nedzimwe mirairi yekukura kwezvirimwa munzira yayo imwe yakananga mukusimudzira goho nekuvandudza mhando. Semuyenzaniso, haina kungoita zvefiziological mabasa eauxin uye cytokinin, asi zvakare inokwanisa kuwedzera photosynthesis uye kudzora kugoverwa kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri, inosimudzira kutakurwa kwemacarbohydrates kubva padzinde nemashizha kusvika kuzviyo, kunatsiridza kuramba kwechirimwa kune kunze kwakashata zvinhu, uye kukurudzira kukura kwezvikamu zvisina simba zvechirimwa. Naizvozvo, ine yakanyanya kupararira usability uye inoshanda.
1. Kutapira uye kuisa mavara
Kushandisa Brassinolide (BR) kunogona kutapira nzimbe uye kuwedzera chikamu chemashizha efodya yepakati nepamusoro. Kuishandisa pa citrus kunogona kuvandudza hurema hwakaita seganda gobvu, muchero une mavanga, muchero wakakombama, uye lignification inokonzerwa nekufirita gibberellins. Lychees, mavise, etc. Inoshandiswa pabhinzi, inogona kuita yunifomu yemichero, kuvandudza chitarisiko, kuwedzera mutengo wekutengesa uye kuwedzera mari.
2. Kunonoka kuchena kwemashizha
Inochengetedza girinhi kwenguva yakareba, inosimbisa chlorophyll synthesis, inovandudza photosynthesis, uye inosimudzira ruvara rweshizha kudzika uye kuita girinhi.
3. Kurudzira maruva uye chengetedza michero
Inoshandiswa panguva yekutumbuka uye mudiki danho remichero, inogona kukurudzira maruva nemichero uye kudzivirira kudonha kwemichero.
4. Kurudzira kupatsanurwa kwesero uye kuwedzera michero
Zvinogona kusimudzira kupatsanurwa kwemasero uye kukurudzira kukura kwakatwasuka uye kwakatwasuka kwenhengo, nekudaro ichiwedzera chibereko.
5. Wedzera chigadzirwa
Kupwanya mukana wepamusoro uye nekusimudzira kumera kwe lateral buds kunogona kupinda mukusiyanisa kwebuds, kukurudzira kuumbwa kwematavi e lateral, kuwedzera huwandu hwematavi, kuwedzera huwandu hwemaruva, kunatsiridza mukume, nekudaro kuwedzera huwandu hwemichero uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa. .
6. Kuvandudza kutengeserana kwezvirimwa
Inokurudzira parthenocarpy, inodzivirira kudonha kwemaruva uye michero, inosimudzira mapuroteni synthesis, inowedzera shuga yemukati, inovandudza mhando yezvirimwa, uye inovandudza musika.
7. Rongedza uye kuenzanisa kudya
Brassinolide (BR) haisi foliar fertilizer uye haina kudya kunovaka muviri, saka kushandiswa kwakasanganiswa kwefoliar fertilizer plus brassinolide kunonyanya kushanda. Foliar fertilizer inogona kuwedzera kudya kwezvirimwa, asi haina kukwanisa kuenzana nekugadzirisa kutakura kwekudya; Brassinolide (BR) inogona kutakura chikafu nenzira yakadzikama, ichibvumira kutungamira kwekudyara, kuitira kuti zvese zvinomera uye kukura kwembeu kugamuchire kudya kunonzwisisika.
8. Sterilize uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, nokukurumidza kudzorera kukura
Mishonga yefungidziri inogona chete kudzvanyirira zvirwere asi ine simba shoma pakudzoreredza kukura kwembesa. Brassinolide inogona kuenzanisa kutakura kwekudya, kukurudzira kunyura kwemidzi, uye kukurudzira photosynthesis. Naizvozvo, kana fungicides yakasanganiswa nebrassinoids, zvakanakira zvavo zvinopindirana. Brassinolide (BR) inobatsira mukurapa kwechirwere uye ine mhedzisiro yakanaka pakupora nekukura kwembesa.
9. Cold resistance, frost resistance, kusanaya kwemvura uye kudzivirira zvirwere
Mushure mekunge Brassinolide (BR) yapinda muchirimwa, haingowedzere photosynthesis uye inosimudzira kukura nekusimudzira, asi inewo yakasarudzika inodzivirira pane chirimwa cell membrane system kuti irambe kudzoreredza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Inogonawo kukurudzira kushanda kwema enzymes ekudzivirira muchirimwa, ichideredza zvakanyanya zvinhu zvinokuvadza. Kukuvadzwa kukukura kwezvirimwa uye nekunatsiridza kusimba kwezvirimwa.
Ongororo dzakaitwa pamupunga, magaka, matomatisi, fodya, nezvimwewo, uye zvakabuda ndezvi:
1) Low tembiricha:
Kupfapfaidza Brassinolide (BR) kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwembeu dzemhando dzemupunga ne40.1% pasi petembiricha yakaderera. Basa rayo rehupenyu hwekuvandudza kutonhora kushivirira kwemupunga rinonyanya kuratidzwa mukuvandudza muviri wemetabolism yemupunga uye nekusimudzira kukura nekuvandudzwa kwenhengo dzemupunga. Zvirimwa zvakarapwa neBrassinolide (BR) zvakavandudza zvakanyanya kutonhora kuramba zviratidzo zvemuviri pasi peyedzo mamiriro e1 kusvika 5 ° C.
2) Kupisa kwepamusoro:
Kushandiswa kweBrassinolide (BR) kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya shizha chlorophyll uye mapuroteni emukati, superoxide dismutase (SOD) uye peroxidase (POD) zviitiko zvemhando dzemupunga unonzwa kupisa.
3) Munyu-alkali:
Mbeu inorapwa neBrassinolide (BR) inogona kuramba iine mwero wepamusoro wekumera munzvimbo ye150 mmol NaCl. Mushure mekunge Brassinolide (BR)-yakagadziriswa bhari zvirimwa zvakanyoroveswa mu500 mmol NaCl kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana, kuongorora kwe ultramicroscopic kwakaratidza kuti chimiro chemashizha ebhari chakadzivirirwa.
4) Kusanaya kwemvura:
Zvirimwa zvakadai seshuga beet inobatwa neBrassinolide (BR) inokura zviri nani kudarika boka rekutonga munzvimbo yekusanaya kwemvura.
5) Kuramba kwechirwere:
Brassinolide (BR) inogona zvakare kuderedza kukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nezvimwe zvirwere zvezvirimwa, senge rice sheath blight, cucumber grey mold uye tomato late blight. Panyaya yefodya, haisi kungokurudzira kukura kwefodya, asiwo ine simba rekutonga re70% pafodya mosaic chirwere. Mumiririri akakodzera kudzivirira nekurapa fodya mosaic chirwere. Kupokana kwechirwere chezvirimwa kunodzorwa nemajini echirimwa pachacho. Nekudaro, Brassinolide (BR) ester inogona kunyatso kudzora maitiro emuviri uye biochemical yechirimwa, nekudaro ichideredza chirwere. Panguva imwecheteyo, sehomoni yechirimwa, Brassinolide (BR) inogona kukonzera kumwe kuramba. Kutaura kwemajini echirwere kunowedzera kurwisa kwechirwere chezvirimwa.
10. Kurudzira kukura kwembesa
Kana ichishandiswa semushonga wembeu kana kupfapfaidzwa padanho rekudyara, Brassinolide (BR) inoita basa mukusimudzira kuumbwa kwemidzi.
11. Goho-kuwedzera mhedzisiro
Scientific experimental data inoratidza kuti mushure mekushandisa brassinolides, kugadzirwa kwemupunga kunogona kuwedzera ne5.3% ~ 12.6%, kugadzirwa kwechibage kunogona kuwedzera ne6.3% ~ 20.2%, melon uye kugadzirwa kwemiriwo kunogona kuwedzera ne12.6% ~ 38.8%, kugadzirwa kwenzungu kunogona kuwedzera. kuwedzera ne10.4% ~ 32.6%, uye kugadzirwa kwenzimbe kunogona kuwedzera ne9.5% ~ 18.9% (shuga inowedzera ne0.5%~1%).
12. Deredza kukuvadzwa kwezvinodhaka
Mishonga yesora, kushandiswa kusiri iko kwefungicidal mishonga yezvipembenene, kana kusakodzera kuenzanisa reshiyo kunogona kukonzera phytotoxicity zviri nyore. Kushandiswa nenguva kweBrassinolide (BR) pamwe nefoliar yemhando yepamusoro fetiraiza inogona kudzora kutakurwa kwezvinovaka muviri, kuwedzera zvinovaka muviri, uye kuderedza kukuvadzwa kwezvirimwa kunokonzerwa nekushandisa zvisina kunaka kukuvara kwemishonga, kukurumidza kupora uye kukura.
