Nhanganyaya uye mabasa eChirimwa auxin
Auxin is indole-3-acetic acid, ine molecular formula C10H9NO2. Ndiyo hormone yekutanga kuwanikwa yekusimudzira kukura kwechirimwa. Shoko reChirungu rinobva paizwi rechiGiriki rokuti auxein (to grow).
Iyo yakachena chigadzirwa che indole-3-acetic acid ichena kristaro uye isinganyungudika mumvura. Kunyungudika zviri nyore muorganic solvents senge ethanol uye ether. Iyo inogadziriswa nyore nyore uye inoshanduka kuita tsvuku tsvuku pasi pechiedza, uye kuita kwayo kwemuviri kunoderedzwa zvakare. Indole-3-acetic acid mumiti inogona kunge iri munzvimbo yakasununguka kana yakasungwa (yakasungwa) mamiriro. Iwo ekupedzisira anonyanya ester kana peptide complexes.
Izvo zvirimo zvemahara indole-3-acetic acid mumiti yakaderera kwazvo, inenge 1-100 micrograms pa kilogram yehuremu hutsva. Inosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye rudzi rwetishu. Zviri mumatishu kana nhengo dzinokura zvine simba senge mapoinzi ekukura uye mukume zvakaderera.
Mazhinji Ekudyara auxin anoitawo basa mukukamura maseru uye kusiyanisa, kukura kwemichero, kuumbwa kwemidzi kana uchitora kuchekwa uye defoliation. Iyo inonyanya kukosha inongoitika auxin ndeye β-indole-3-acetic acid. Artificially synthesized plant growth regulators ane maitiro akafanana anosanganisira brassinolide, cytokinin, gibberellin, Naphthalene acetic acid(NAA), DA-6, nezvimwewo.
Basa reAuxin rine mbiri: rinogona kukurudzira kukura uye kudzivisa kukura;
inogona kukurumidza uye inodzivisa kumera; inogona kudzivirira kudonha kwemaruva nemichero uye maruva matete uye michero. Izvi zvine chekuita nekunzwa kweAuxin concentration kune dzakasiyana siyana dzechirimwa. Kazhinji kutaura, midzi yechirimwa inonyanya kuoma kupfuura buds kupfuura madzinde. Dicotyledons anonzwisisa kupfuura monocots. Naizvozvo, auxin analogis akadai 2-4D anogona kushandiswa semishonga yesora. Iyo inoratidzirwa nehuviri-mativi maitiro, ayo anogona kukurudzira kukura, kudzivirira kukura, uye kunyange kuuraya zvinomera.
Iyo inosimudzira mhedzisiro yeAuxin inonyatso kuratidzwa mune maviri maficha: kukwidziridza uye inhibition:
Auxin ine kusimudzira mhedzisiro:
1. Kuumbwa kwemaruva echikadzi
2. Parthenocarpy, kukura kweovary wall
3. Kusiyanisa kwevascular bundles
4. Kuwedzera kwemashizha, kuumbwa kwemashure emidzi
5. Kukura kwembeu nemichero, kuporesa maronda
6. Apical dominance, nezvimwewo.
Auxin ine inhibitory mhedzisiro:
1. Ruva abscission,
2. Kurasika kwemichero, mashizha madiki abscission, kukura kwebazi redivi,
3. Kuumbwa kwemidzi, nezvimwewo.
Mhedzisiro yeauxin pakukura kwechirimwa zvinoenderana nekusangana kweauxin, rudzi rwechirimwa, uye chirimwa. zvinoenderana nenhengo (midzi, madzinde, buds, nezvimwewo). Kazhinji kutaura, kudzika kwakadzika kunogona kukurudzira kukura, nepo kuwanda kwakanyanya kunogona kutadzisa kukura kana kutokonzera kufa kwechirimwa. Dicotyledonous zvinomera zvinonyanya kunzwisiswa neAuxin pane monocotyledonous zvinomera; nhengo dzezvinomera dzinonzwa zvakanyanya kudarika nhengo dzekubereka; midzi inobata zvakanyanya kupfuura buds, uye buds inonyanya kuoma kupfuura madzinde, nezvimwe.
Iyo yakachena chigadzirwa che indole-3-acetic acid ichena kristaro uye isinganyungudika mumvura. Kunyungudika zviri nyore muorganic solvents senge ethanol uye ether. Iyo inogadziriswa nyore nyore uye inoshanduka kuita tsvuku tsvuku pasi pechiedza, uye kuita kwayo kwemuviri kunoderedzwa zvakare. Indole-3-acetic acid mumiti inogona kunge iri munzvimbo yakasununguka kana yakasungwa (yakasungwa) mamiriro. Iwo ekupedzisira anonyanya ester kana peptide complexes.
Izvo zvirimo zvemahara indole-3-acetic acid mumiti yakaderera kwazvo, inenge 1-100 micrograms pa kilogram yehuremu hutsva. Inosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye rudzi rwetishu. Zviri mumatishu kana nhengo dzinokura zvine simba senge mapoinzi ekukura uye mukume zvakaderera.
Mazhinji Ekudyara auxin anoitawo basa mukukamura maseru uye kusiyanisa, kukura kwemichero, kuumbwa kwemidzi kana uchitora kuchekwa uye defoliation. Iyo inonyanya kukosha inongoitika auxin ndeye β-indole-3-acetic acid. Artificially synthesized plant growth regulators ane maitiro akafanana anosanganisira brassinolide, cytokinin, gibberellin, Naphthalene acetic acid(NAA), DA-6, nezvimwewo.
Basa reAuxin rine mbiri: rinogona kukurudzira kukura uye kudzivisa kukura;
inogona kukurumidza uye inodzivisa kumera; inogona kudzivirira kudonha kwemaruva nemichero uye maruva matete uye michero. Izvi zvine chekuita nekunzwa kweAuxin concentration kune dzakasiyana siyana dzechirimwa. Kazhinji kutaura, midzi yechirimwa inonyanya kuoma kupfuura buds kupfuura madzinde. Dicotyledons anonzwisisa kupfuura monocots. Naizvozvo, auxin analogis akadai 2-4D anogona kushandiswa semishonga yesora. Iyo inoratidzirwa nehuviri-mativi maitiro, ayo anogona kukurudzira kukura, kudzivirira kukura, uye kunyange kuuraya zvinomera.
Iyo inosimudzira mhedzisiro yeAuxin inonyatso kuratidzwa mune maviri maficha: kukwidziridza uye inhibition:
Auxin ine kusimudzira mhedzisiro:
1. Kuumbwa kwemaruva echikadzi
2. Parthenocarpy, kukura kweovary wall
3. Kusiyanisa kwevascular bundles
4. Kuwedzera kwemashizha, kuumbwa kwemashure emidzi
5. Kukura kwembeu nemichero, kuporesa maronda
6. Apical dominance, nezvimwewo.
Auxin ine inhibitory mhedzisiro:
1. Ruva abscission,
2. Kurasika kwemichero, mashizha madiki abscission, kukura kwebazi redivi,
3. Kuumbwa kwemidzi, nezvimwewo.
Mhedzisiro yeauxin pakukura kwechirimwa zvinoenderana nekusangana kweauxin, rudzi rwechirimwa, uye chirimwa. zvinoenderana nenhengo (midzi, madzinde, buds, nezvimwewo). Kazhinji kutaura, kudzika kwakadzika kunogona kukurudzira kukura, nepo kuwanda kwakanyanya kunogona kutadzisa kukura kana kutokonzera kufa kwechirimwa. Dicotyledonous zvinomera zvinonyanya kunzwisiswa neAuxin pane monocotyledonous zvinomera; nhengo dzezvinomera dzinonzwa zvakanyanya kudarika nhengo dzekubereka; midzi inobata zvakanyanya kupfuura buds, uye buds inonyanya kuoma kupfuura madzinde, nezvimwe.
