Kufambira Mhiri KweHormone Panic: Kugonesa Kukura Kwezvirimwa Regulators Kuti Chokwadi Kuwedzere Kubudirira Kwekurima
Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) ikirasi yemakomponi - angave akagadzirwa nemakemikari kana kutorwa kubva kuzvinyorwa zvipenyu - ayo akafanana uye anoshanda anotevedzera echisikigo mahomoni ezvirimwa. Zvakadaro, vane kugona kwakasiyana-siyana kwekunyatso gadzirisa maitiro akakosha echirimwa-sekudzika midzi, kumera, kutumbuka, uye kubereka michero - munzvimbo yakakura. Kare, nekuda kwekushandisa zvisina kunaka kana ruzivo rwunotsausa, izwi rekuti "hormone" raiwanzozivikanwa zvisina kunaka serinofanana ne "chepfu." Nhasi, zvakadaro-kana ikashandiswa panguva yakafanira, panguva yakakodzera, uye nekushandisa nzira yakakodzera-aya maregulator anoshanda seane simba "yegoho amplifiers" mumaoko evarimi.
1. Plant Hormones vs. Plant Growth Regulators: A One-Izwi Musiyano, Musiyano Wakakosha
1.1 ◇ Mahomoni ekudyara: "Nhume" dzemukati
Izvi zvinotsvaga zvinhu zvinongogadzirwa mukati memuviri wechirimwa-senge auxins, gibberellins, uye abscisic acid. Yakasanganiswa munzvimbo dzakanangana, inotakurwa kuburikidza nephloem kana rwizi rwekufambisa kuenda kunonangwa matishu, kwavanoisa maitiro avo ekutonga.
1.2 ◇ Mitemo Yekukura Kwemiti: Ekunze "Mavharuvhu Ekudzora"
Aya ndiwo ekugadzira kana kubviswa makomisheni anotevedzera mahomoni ezvirimwa. Vanokwanisa kushandisa yakafara-spectrum, high-concentration, uye kukurumidza-kutanga migumisiro, ivo vanobudirira kukunda zvisingakwanisi endogenous hormones-kureva, kukanganisa kwavo kuparara uye kutakura kwavo zvishoma nezvishoma. Ivo vanoshanda zvakanyanya se "central air conditioning system": yakagadzirira kubatidzwa uye kugadziridzwa kune yaunoda kuseta chero nguva.
2. "Chishamiso Chekushandisa" Kana Chikashandiswa Zvakanaka; "Chepfu" Kana Ikashandiswa Zvisizvo-Nhau Yeyevero yeDzimwe Migumisiro
2.1 ◇ Kudzika kwakaderera: Kuwedzera Goho uye Hunhu
Kukurudzira Kugadzika Michero: Kana Forchlorfenuron ikapfapfaidzwa pamaruva ematomatisi panguva yekutumbuka kwemaruva, mwero wekudonha kwemaruva unoderera nepamusoro pe40%, uye huremu hwemichero yega yega hunowedzera ne10% -15%.
Kuwedzera Dormancy: Musanganiswa weDA-6 uye Maleic Hydrazide unobvumira mbatatisi machubhu kuti achengetwe pakamuri tembiricha kweimwe mwedzi uchichengetedza kumera kwe85%.
Kuwedzera Stress Resistance uye Goho: Paclobutrazol (Paclo) inoderedza kureba kwechirimwa uye inosimudzira midzi yekunyura, zvichiita kuti goho remupunga riwedzere 60 katsi pa0.067 hectares).
2.2 ◇ Mamiriro Akanyanya: Kukanganisa uye Kukura Kwakaoma
A Typical Case ne 2,4-D: Pazvinyoro pasi pe 30 mg / kg, inoshanda kudzivirira kudonha kwemichero; zvisinei, pahuwandu hunodarika 500 mg/kg, inobva yashanduka kuita mushonga wesora-zvichikonzera kuti mashizha ematomatisi aite "fern-leaf" chimiro chakafanana nehutachiona hwehutachiona, zvichikonzera kuderera kukuru kwegoho.
Yakawandisa Ethephon Kushandiswa: Kana yakashandiswa kuibva mabhanana, kuwanda kunodarika 2,000 mg/kg kunoita kuti muchero usvibe mukati, zvichiita kuti usatengeseke zvachose.
Sezviri pachena, dosi inoraira mhedzisiro, uye hwindo rekuchengetedza rakatetepa zvakanyanya.
3. Makiyi Matatu Ekuita Magadzirirwo Ekukura Kwemiti Ashande *Kwauri*
3.1 ◇ Bvunza iyo Label, asi Nyatsoteerera kune Chirimwa "Hasha"
Zvirimwa zvakasiyana zvinoratidzira zvakasiyana zvakanyanya sensitivity kune imwechete inoshanda chinhu. Madomasi, semuenzaniso, anoita seano "kugamuchira" gibberellins pasina nyaya, nepo magaka anobatwa nechinhu chimwe anowanzo gadzira "matipi akajeka." Uyezve, kunyange chirimwa chimwe chete chinogona “kushanduka-shanduka”-chichipindura zvakasiyana zvichienderana nedanho racho rekukura. Nokudaro, unofanira kutanga wanzwisisa hukasha hwechirimwa usati wafunga kuti wofirita here kana kunyudza, kana kuti woisa regulator wega kana musanganiswa.
3.2 ◇ Tarisa Mamiriro ekunze, asi tarisa zvakanyanya pa "Efficacy Window"
Kupisa kwepamusoro uye chiedza chezuva chakanyanya kukurumidza kuparara kwezvigadziridzo zvekukura, nepo tembiricha yakaderera yakasanganiswa nehunyoro hwepamusoro inogona kutungamira kune phytotoxicity (kukuvara kwemakemikari). Kunyura kunonyanya kukurumidza kana stomata yemashizha yakazaruka; kana uchiisa mvura isati yanaya, iva nechokwadi chekuwedzera mushonga wekuparadzira. Rangarira iyi nhetembo iri nyore: "Kana dova remangwanani raoma, zuva risati ravira masikati" -iyi inoumba hwindo rekushandisa rakakwana kune akawanda ekukura anodzora.
3.3 ◇ Inyanzvi Tekinoroji, uye Rongedza "Secondary Dilution"
Yakanyanya kuomeswa stock mhinduro *inofanirwa* kupinda yechipiri dilution. Kutanga, funganisa iyo yakanyanyisa nehuwandu hwemvura kuti uite paste yakatsetseka; wobva wawedzera mvura yasara kusvika pavhoriyamu yekupedzisira uye simbisa musanganiswa wekupfapfaidza yunifomu. Paunenge uchigadzira mhinduro, pfeka magirovhosi erabha uye magirazi ekuchengetedza kudzivirira kubata kweganda uye inhalation. Kungokanganisa kwe1% muyero ye dilution kunogona kukonzera kudzikiswa kwegumi muzana mukubudirira kwechigadzirwa.
4. Future Outlook: Kurega Data "Kutaura" yeKukura Regulators
Nekukura kweiyo biosensor tekinoroji uye kuchinjika-mwero kupfapfaidza kuburikidza nemadrones, kurongeka chaiko-kudzika kusvika padanho rezvirimwa zvega kana kunyange mashizha chaiwo-zvave kuitika. Varimi vanongoda kuisa hunhu hwavo hwechirimwa muapp mobile; iyo sisitimu inozoereketa otomatiki iyo yakakwana yekuisa uye yekupfapfaidza trajectory, ichigonesa "yakanangwa kuzadza" nzira - kushandisa chaizvo izvo zvinodiwa, chaizvo pazvinenge zvichidikanwa. Izvi hazvingodzikisi njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwemakemikari zvakanyanya asi zvakare inova nechokwadi chekuti dhora rega rega rakaiswa mari rinoshandura zvakananga mugoho rinobatika.
5. Mhedziso: Gamuchira Kukura Regulators Rationally Kutyaira Zvekurima Nekukurumidza, Steadier, uye Kuwedzera.
Zvinotungamirira kukura kwezvirimwa hazvisi zvikara zvinotyisa kana kuti kurapa kunoshamisa. Kugona kwavo kwechokwadi kwekuwedzera goho kunogona chete kuvhurwa kana vaongororwa mukati memamiriro ekunze ekukura kwechirimwa kutenderera uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Rega data ritaure, tekinoroji ngaipe gwara, uye kuti varimi vakohwe mabhenefiti - iyi ndiyo nzira yechokwadi inoenda kune remangwana rakanaka uye rakasimba rekurima.
1. Plant Hormones vs. Plant Growth Regulators: A One-Izwi Musiyano, Musiyano Wakakosha
1.1 ◇ Mahomoni ekudyara: "Nhume" dzemukati
Izvi zvinotsvaga zvinhu zvinongogadzirwa mukati memuviri wechirimwa-senge auxins, gibberellins, uye abscisic acid. Yakasanganiswa munzvimbo dzakanangana, inotakurwa kuburikidza nephloem kana rwizi rwekufambisa kuenda kunonangwa matishu, kwavanoisa maitiro avo ekutonga.
1.2 ◇ Mitemo Yekukura Kwemiti: Ekunze "Mavharuvhu Ekudzora"
Aya ndiwo ekugadzira kana kubviswa makomisheni anotevedzera mahomoni ezvirimwa. Vanokwanisa kushandisa yakafara-spectrum, high-concentration, uye kukurumidza-kutanga migumisiro, ivo vanobudirira kukunda zvisingakwanisi endogenous hormones-kureva, kukanganisa kwavo kuparara uye kutakura kwavo zvishoma nezvishoma. Ivo vanoshanda zvakanyanya se "central air conditioning system": yakagadzirira kubatidzwa uye kugadziridzwa kune yaunoda kuseta chero nguva.
2. "Chishamiso Chekushandisa" Kana Chikashandiswa Zvakanaka; "Chepfu" Kana Ikashandiswa Zvisizvo-Nhau Yeyevero yeDzimwe Migumisiro
2.1 ◇ Kudzika kwakaderera: Kuwedzera Goho uye Hunhu
Kukurudzira Kugadzika Michero: Kana Forchlorfenuron ikapfapfaidzwa pamaruva ematomatisi panguva yekutumbuka kwemaruva, mwero wekudonha kwemaruva unoderera nepamusoro pe40%, uye huremu hwemichero yega yega hunowedzera ne10% -15%.
Kuwedzera Dormancy: Musanganiswa weDA-6 uye Maleic Hydrazide unobvumira mbatatisi machubhu kuti achengetwe pakamuri tembiricha kweimwe mwedzi uchichengetedza kumera kwe85%.
Kuwedzera Stress Resistance uye Goho: Paclobutrazol (Paclo) inoderedza kureba kwechirimwa uye inosimudzira midzi yekunyura, zvichiita kuti goho remupunga riwedzere 60 katsi pa0.067 hectares).
2.2 ◇ Mamiriro Akanyanya: Kukanganisa uye Kukura Kwakaoma
A Typical Case ne 2,4-D: Pazvinyoro pasi pe 30 mg / kg, inoshanda kudzivirira kudonha kwemichero; zvisinei, pahuwandu hunodarika 500 mg/kg, inobva yashanduka kuita mushonga wesora-zvichikonzera kuti mashizha ematomatisi aite "fern-leaf" chimiro chakafanana nehutachiona hwehutachiona, zvichikonzera kuderera kukuru kwegoho.
Yakawandisa Ethephon Kushandiswa: Kana yakashandiswa kuibva mabhanana, kuwanda kunodarika 2,000 mg/kg kunoita kuti muchero usvibe mukati, zvichiita kuti usatengeseke zvachose.
Sezviri pachena, dosi inoraira mhedzisiro, uye hwindo rekuchengetedza rakatetepa zvakanyanya.
3. Makiyi Matatu Ekuita Magadzirirwo Ekukura Kwemiti Ashande *Kwauri*
3.1 ◇ Bvunza iyo Label, asi Nyatsoteerera kune Chirimwa "Hasha"
Zvirimwa zvakasiyana zvinoratidzira zvakasiyana zvakanyanya sensitivity kune imwechete inoshanda chinhu. Madomasi, semuenzaniso, anoita seano "kugamuchira" gibberellins pasina nyaya, nepo magaka anobatwa nechinhu chimwe anowanzo gadzira "matipi akajeka." Uyezve, kunyange chirimwa chimwe chete chinogona “kushanduka-shanduka”-chichipindura zvakasiyana zvichienderana nedanho racho rekukura. Nokudaro, unofanira kutanga wanzwisisa hukasha hwechirimwa usati wafunga kuti wofirita here kana kunyudza, kana kuti woisa regulator wega kana musanganiswa.
3.2 ◇ Tarisa Mamiriro ekunze, asi tarisa zvakanyanya pa "Efficacy Window"
Kupisa kwepamusoro uye chiedza chezuva chakanyanya kukurumidza kuparara kwezvigadziridzo zvekukura, nepo tembiricha yakaderera yakasanganiswa nehunyoro hwepamusoro inogona kutungamira kune phytotoxicity (kukuvara kwemakemikari). Kunyura kunonyanya kukurumidza kana stomata yemashizha yakazaruka; kana uchiisa mvura isati yanaya, iva nechokwadi chekuwedzera mushonga wekuparadzira. Rangarira iyi nhetembo iri nyore: "Kana dova remangwanani raoma, zuva risati ravira masikati" -iyi inoumba hwindo rekushandisa rakakwana kune akawanda ekukura anodzora.
3.3 ◇ Inyanzvi Tekinoroji, uye Rongedza "Secondary Dilution"
Yakanyanya kuomeswa stock mhinduro *inofanirwa* kupinda yechipiri dilution. Kutanga, funganisa iyo yakanyanyisa nehuwandu hwemvura kuti uite paste yakatsetseka; wobva wawedzera mvura yasara kusvika pavhoriyamu yekupedzisira uye simbisa musanganiswa wekupfapfaidza yunifomu. Paunenge uchigadzira mhinduro, pfeka magirovhosi erabha uye magirazi ekuchengetedza kudzivirira kubata kweganda uye inhalation. Kungokanganisa kwe1% muyero ye dilution kunogona kukonzera kudzikiswa kwegumi muzana mukubudirira kwechigadzirwa.
4. Future Outlook: Kurega Data "Kutaura" yeKukura Regulators
Nekukura kweiyo biosensor tekinoroji uye kuchinjika-mwero kupfapfaidza kuburikidza nemadrones, kurongeka chaiko-kudzika kusvika padanho rezvirimwa zvega kana kunyange mashizha chaiwo-zvave kuitika. Varimi vanongoda kuisa hunhu hwavo hwechirimwa muapp mobile; iyo sisitimu inozoereketa otomatiki iyo yakakwana yekuisa uye yekupfapfaidza trajectory, ichigonesa "yakanangwa kuzadza" nzira - kushandisa chaizvo izvo zvinodiwa, chaizvo pazvinenge zvichidikanwa. Izvi hazvingodzikisi njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwemakemikari zvakanyanya asi zvakare inova nechokwadi chekuti dhora rega rega rakaiswa mari rinoshandura zvakananga mugoho rinobatika.
5. Mhedziso: Gamuchira Kukura Regulators Rationally Kutyaira Zvekurima Nekukurumidza, Steadier, uye Kuwedzera.
Zvinotungamirira kukura kwezvirimwa hazvisi zvikara zvinotyisa kana kuti kurapa kunoshamisa. Kugona kwavo kwechokwadi kwekuwedzera goho kunogona chete kuvhurwa kana vaongororwa mukati memamiriro ekunze ekukura kwechirimwa kutenderera uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Rega data ritaure, tekinoroji ngaipe gwara, uye kuti varimi vakohwe mabhenefiti - iyi ndiyo nzira yechokwadi inoenda kune remangwana rakanaka uye rakasimba rekurima.
