S-Abscisic Acid (ABA) Mabasa uye maitiro ekushandisa
1.chii chinonzi S-Abscisic Acid(ABA)?
S-Abscisic Acid (ABA) ihomoni yechirimwa. S-Abscisic Acid ndeye yakasikwa chirimwa kukura regulator iyo inogona kukurudzira yakarongeka kukura kwechirimwa, kunatsiridza kukura kwechirimwa, uye kukurudzira kudonha kwemashizha. Mukugadzirwa kwezvekurima, Abscisic Acid inonyanya kushandiswa kumisa chirimwa chega chekuramba kana kuchinjika kunhamo, sekuvandudza chirimwa chekusanaya kwemvura, kutonhora kwechando, kuramba kwechirwere, uye munyu-alkali kuramba.
2.Mechanism yekuita kweS-Abscisic Acid
S-Abscisic Acid inowanikwa zvakanyanya muzvirimwa, uye pamwe chete negibberellins, auxins, cytokinins, uye ethylene, inoumba iwo mashanu makuru emiti endogenous mahomoni. Inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya muzvirimwa zvakaita semupunga, miriwo, maruva, lawn, donje, mishonga yemakwenzi yeChinese, uye miti yemichero kuvandudza kugona kwekukura uye chiyero chezvibereko uye mhando yezvirimwa munzvimbo dzakaipa dzekukura senge tembiricha yakaderera, kusanaya kwemvura, chitubu. kutonhora, salinization, tupukanana nezvirwere, wedzera goho pachikamu chimwe nechimwe cheminda yepakati uye yakaderera-goho, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari emishonga.
3. Maitiro ekushandisa kweS-Abscisic Acid mune zvekurima
(1) S-Abscisic Acid inowedzera kuramba kune abiotic kusagadzikana
Mukugadzirwa kwekurima, zvirimwa zvinowanzoiswa kune abiotic stress (sekusanaya kwemvura, kuderera kwekushisa, salinity, kukuvara kwepesticide, nezvimwewo).
Pasi pekusanaya kwekusanaya kwakangoerekana kwaitika, kushandiswa kweS-Abscisic Acid kunogona kumisa cell conduction paplasma membrane yemashizha emashizha, kukonzera kuvharwa kweshizha stomata, kuderedza kubuda uye kurasikirwa kwemvura mumuviri wechirimwa, uye kuvandudza simba rekuchengetedza mvura yechirimwa. kushivirira pakusanaya kwemvura.
Pasi pekunetseka kwekushisa kwakadzika, kushandiswa kweS-Abscisic Acid kunogona kumisa sero kutonhora kusagadzikana majini uye kuita kuti zvirimwa zvibudise mapuroteni anotonhora.
Pasi pevhu kudonha kwemunyu kushushikana, S-Abscisic Acid inogona kukonzera kuunganidzwa kukuru kweproline, osmotic inodzora chinhu muzvirimwa, kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwe cell membrane chimiro, uye kuwedzera basa rekudzivirira enzymes. Deredza iyo Na+ yemukati payuniti yakaoma uremu, wedzera chiitiko che carboxylase, uye wedzera kushivirira kwemunyu kwezvirimwa.
Pasi pekunetseka kwepesticide uye kukuvara kwefetereza, S-Abscisic Acid inogona kudzora kuenzana kwemahomoni endogenous muzvirimwa, kumisa kuwedzera kunyura, uye kubvisa zvinobudirira mhedzisiro yepesticide uye kukuvara kwefetereza. Inogona zvakare kuvandudza kushandira pamwe uye kuunganidzwa kweanthocyanins uye kusimudzira ruvara rwezvirimwa uye kutanga kukura.
2) S-Abscisic Acid inowedzera kupikisa kwezvirimwa kune zvirwere
Kuitika kwezvipembenene nezvirwere hazvidzivisiki panguva yekukura kwezvirimwa. Pasi pekunetseka kwezvirwere, S-Abscisic Acid inokonzera kushandiswa kwePIN majini mumashizha emashizha emiti kuti ibudise mapuroteni enzyme inhibitors (flavonoids, quinones, nezvimwewo), izvo zvinodzivisa kuwedzera kwehutachiona hwehutachiona, kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kana kuderedza chiyero chekukuvadza. kumiti.
(3) S-Abscisic Acid inokurudzira kuchinja kwemavara uye kutapira kwemichero
S-Abscisic Acid ine mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemavara ekutanga uye kutapira kwemichero yakaita semazambiringa, citrus, uye maapuro.
(4) S-Abscisic Acid inogona kuwedzera nhamba ye lateral midzi uye adventitious midzi yezvirimwa.
Kumbesa dzakaita sedonje, S-Abscisic Acid nefetereza sehumic acid zvinodonhedzwa mumvura, mbesa dzobuda nemvura inodonha. Inogona kuwedzera nhamba ye lateral midzi uye adventitious midzi yekotoni mbeu kusvika pamwero wakati, asi hazvisi pachena muminda yekotoni ine yakakwirira alkalinity.
(5) S-Abscisic Acid inosanganiswa nefetereza kuti ienzanise kudya kunovaka muviri uye kuita chimwe chikamu mukuderedza uremu.
4.Kushandisa mabasa eS-Abscisic Acid
Kudyara "growth balance factor"
Kurudzira kukura kwemidzi uye kusimbisa midzi, kukurudzira kukura kwe capillary midzi; kukurudzira kukura kwembesa yakasimba uye kuwedzera goho; kukurudzira kumera uye kuchengetedza maruva, kuwedzera chiyero chekuisa michero; kukurudzira ruvara rwemichero, kukohwa kwekutanga, uye kunatsiridza kunaka; kuwedzera kunwa kwezvikafu uye kunatsiridza mwero wekushandiswa kwefetereza; kusanganisa uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuderedza zvakajairika zvinodhaka zvisina kunaka zvakaita sekuremara kwemichero, maburi, uye michero yakatsemuka.
Kudyara "resistance induction factor"
Kukurudzira kurwisa zvirwere zvezvirimwa uye kunatsiridza kurwisa zvirwere; kunatsiridza kurwisa kwezvirimwa kumatambudziko (kutonhora kutonhora, kusanaya kwemvura, kusanaya kwemvura, munyu uye alkali resistance, etc.); kuderedza uye kuderedza kukuvara kwemishonga yezvirimwa.
Zvigadzirwa zvegirini uye zvakatipoteredza
S-Abscisic Acid chinhu chakachena chakasikwa chiri mumiti yose yakasvibira, inonyanya kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuvirisa kwe microbial, isina chepfu uye isingagumbure vanhu nemhuka. Irwo rudzi rutsva rwezvinoita, zvechisikigo chirimwa chegirinhi chinokura chinoshanda chine tarisiro yekushandiswa kwakafara.
5. Chiyero chekushandisa cheS-Abscisic Acid
Inonyanya kushandiswa mupunga, gorosi, zvimwe zvirimwa zvikuru zvekudya, mazambiringa, matomatisi, citrus, fodya, nzungu, donje nemimwe miriwo, miti yemichero uye zvirimwa zvemafuta. Inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa kukura, kukurudzira kudzika midzi uye kukurudzira kupenya.
S-Abscisic Acid (ABA) ihomoni yechirimwa. S-Abscisic Acid ndeye yakasikwa chirimwa kukura regulator iyo inogona kukurudzira yakarongeka kukura kwechirimwa, kunatsiridza kukura kwechirimwa, uye kukurudzira kudonha kwemashizha. Mukugadzirwa kwezvekurima, Abscisic Acid inonyanya kushandiswa kumisa chirimwa chega chekuramba kana kuchinjika kunhamo, sekuvandudza chirimwa chekusanaya kwemvura, kutonhora kwechando, kuramba kwechirwere, uye munyu-alkali kuramba.
2.Mechanism yekuita kweS-Abscisic Acid
S-Abscisic Acid inowanikwa zvakanyanya muzvirimwa, uye pamwe chete negibberellins, auxins, cytokinins, uye ethylene, inoumba iwo mashanu makuru emiti endogenous mahomoni. Inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya muzvirimwa zvakaita semupunga, miriwo, maruva, lawn, donje, mishonga yemakwenzi yeChinese, uye miti yemichero kuvandudza kugona kwekukura uye chiyero chezvibereko uye mhando yezvirimwa munzvimbo dzakaipa dzekukura senge tembiricha yakaderera, kusanaya kwemvura, chitubu. kutonhora, salinization, tupukanana nezvirwere, wedzera goho pachikamu chimwe nechimwe cheminda yepakati uye yakaderera-goho, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari emishonga.
3. Maitiro ekushandisa kweS-Abscisic Acid mune zvekurima
(1) S-Abscisic Acid inowedzera kuramba kune abiotic kusagadzikana
Mukugadzirwa kwekurima, zvirimwa zvinowanzoiswa kune abiotic stress (sekusanaya kwemvura, kuderera kwekushisa, salinity, kukuvara kwepesticide, nezvimwewo).
Pasi pekusanaya kwekusanaya kwakangoerekana kwaitika, kushandiswa kweS-Abscisic Acid kunogona kumisa cell conduction paplasma membrane yemashizha emashizha, kukonzera kuvharwa kweshizha stomata, kuderedza kubuda uye kurasikirwa kwemvura mumuviri wechirimwa, uye kuvandudza simba rekuchengetedza mvura yechirimwa. kushivirira pakusanaya kwemvura.
Pasi pekunetseka kwekushisa kwakadzika, kushandiswa kweS-Abscisic Acid kunogona kumisa sero kutonhora kusagadzikana majini uye kuita kuti zvirimwa zvibudise mapuroteni anotonhora.
Pasi pevhu kudonha kwemunyu kushushikana, S-Abscisic Acid inogona kukonzera kuunganidzwa kukuru kweproline, osmotic inodzora chinhu muzvirimwa, kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwe cell membrane chimiro, uye kuwedzera basa rekudzivirira enzymes. Deredza iyo Na+ yemukati payuniti yakaoma uremu, wedzera chiitiko che carboxylase, uye wedzera kushivirira kwemunyu kwezvirimwa.
Pasi pekunetseka kwepesticide uye kukuvara kwefetereza, S-Abscisic Acid inogona kudzora kuenzana kwemahomoni endogenous muzvirimwa, kumisa kuwedzera kunyura, uye kubvisa zvinobudirira mhedzisiro yepesticide uye kukuvara kwefetereza. Inogona zvakare kuvandudza kushandira pamwe uye kuunganidzwa kweanthocyanins uye kusimudzira ruvara rwezvirimwa uye kutanga kukura.
2) S-Abscisic Acid inowedzera kupikisa kwezvirimwa kune zvirwere
Kuitika kwezvipembenene nezvirwere hazvidzivisiki panguva yekukura kwezvirimwa. Pasi pekunetseka kwezvirwere, S-Abscisic Acid inokonzera kushandiswa kwePIN majini mumashizha emashizha emiti kuti ibudise mapuroteni enzyme inhibitors (flavonoids, quinones, nezvimwewo), izvo zvinodzivisa kuwedzera kwehutachiona hwehutachiona, kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kana kuderedza chiyero chekukuvadza. kumiti.
(3) S-Abscisic Acid inokurudzira kuchinja kwemavara uye kutapira kwemichero
S-Abscisic Acid ine mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemavara ekutanga uye kutapira kwemichero yakaita semazambiringa, citrus, uye maapuro.
(4) S-Abscisic Acid inogona kuwedzera nhamba ye lateral midzi uye adventitious midzi yezvirimwa.
Kumbesa dzakaita sedonje, S-Abscisic Acid nefetereza sehumic acid zvinodonhedzwa mumvura, mbesa dzobuda nemvura inodonha. Inogona kuwedzera nhamba ye lateral midzi uye adventitious midzi yekotoni mbeu kusvika pamwero wakati, asi hazvisi pachena muminda yekotoni ine yakakwirira alkalinity.
(5) S-Abscisic Acid inosanganiswa nefetereza kuti ienzanise kudya kunovaka muviri uye kuita chimwe chikamu mukuderedza uremu.
4.Kushandisa mabasa eS-Abscisic Acid
Kudyara "growth balance factor"
Kurudzira kukura kwemidzi uye kusimbisa midzi, kukurudzira kukura kwe capillary midzi; kukurudzira kukura kwembesa yakasimba uye kuwedzera goho; kukurudzira kumera uye kuchengetedza maruva, kuwedzera chiyero chekuisa michero; kukurudzira ruvara rwemichero, kukohwa kwekutanga, uye kunatsiridza kunaka; kuwedzera kunwa kwezvikafu uye kunatsiridza mwero wekushandiswa kwefetereza; kusanganisa uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuderedza zvakajairika zvinodhaka zvisina kunaka zvakaita sekuremara kwemichero, maburi, uye michero yakatsemuka.
Kudyara "resistance induction factor"
Kukurudzira kurwisa zvirwere zvezvirimwa uye kunatsiridza kurwisa zvirwere; kunatsiridza kurwisa kwezvirimwa kumatambudziko (kutonhora kutonhora, kusanaya kwemvura, kusanaya kwemvura, munyu uye alkali resistance, etc.); kuderedza uye kuderedza kukuvara kwemishonga yezvirimwa.
Zvigadzirwa zvegirini uye zvakatipoteredza
S-Abscisic Acid chinhu chakachena chakasikwa chiri mumiti yose yakasvibira, inonyanya kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuvirisa kwe microbial, isina chepfu uye isingagumbure vanhu nemhuka. Irwo rudzi rutsva rwezvinoita, zvechisikigo chirimwa chegirinhi chinokura chinoshanda chine tarisiro yekushandiswa kwakafara.
5. Chiyero chekushandisa cheS-Abscisic Acid
Inonyanya kushandiswa mupunga, gorosi, zvimwe zvirimwa zvikuru zvekudya, mazambiringa, matomatisi, citrus, fodya, nzungu, donje nemimwe miriwo, miti yemichero uye zvirimwa zvemafuta. Inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa kukura, kukurudzira kudzika midzi uye kukurudzira kupenya.
