Hunhu hwekurima kwemupunga muIndonesia uye rakakurudzira mupunga chirimwa kukura vatauriri

Indonesia ndiyo yechitatu-yakakura-yakakura mupunga mugadziri wemupunga, uye kurima kwaro mupunga kune hunhu hunotevera:

Chiyero chekudyara uye goho
Indonesia ine angangoita mamirioni makumi masere emamiriyoni enzvimbo inokwanisika, ine rima rekurima accounting kweanenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chenzvimbo ino. Muna 2023, Indonesia yakazara yechigadzirwa chemupunga wemamirioni kusvika mamirioni mazana manomwe, neavhareji yezvibodzwa zve5,2 5.34 pahekita. Nekudaro, mahybrid yemhando yemapita yakaunzwa kubva kuChina vakawana goho rinosvika gumi nemaviri ematani paGectare mune yako chiratidzo chiratidzo.

Kudyara nzvimbo uye akasiyana
Indonesia yeMupunga Yemupunga inogoverwa pachitsuwa cheJava (accounting ye51.7% yeiyo nyika yakazara yehuwandu), ichiteverwa nezviwi zvakadai seSumatra, Sulawesi, naKalimantan. Rungai mupunga ndiyo yakanyanya kushamwaridzana yakakura munharaunda, ine yakakwirira-gobvu hybrid mupunga unogara chete 3% yenzvimbo yakazara. Nekudaro, Indonesia inokandirwa inenge mamirioni matatu ematani emupunga gore rimwe nerimwe kuti asangane nechikumbiro.

Zvirongwa nemisika
Hurumende yehurumende yeIndonesia inoronga kuchengetedza chikafu nekuvandudza mamirioni matatu emamiriyoni eminda yemupunga, uchisimudzira mhodzi dzakakwirira-dzemhando yepamusoro, uye dzakarongedzwa kugadzirwa. Parizvino, mutengo wekutenga wemupunga muIndonesia iri kuwedzera, ne2023 Mutengo wekutenga wekutenga mupunga unofungidzirwa na 2.76-2.95 Yuan pa kilogiram.

Zvinonetsa uye Mikana
Indonesia inotarisana nematambudziko, kusanganisira kuderera kwekurima ivhu uye kukura chikafu chinodiwa. Nekudaro, kugamuchirwa kwenzvimbo yeChinese hybrid mupunga tekinoroji (senge inpago uye inpari marudzi) kunogona kuwedzera goho ne20% -50%. Hurumende yeIndonesia inokurudzira kuti isumo yemhando yepamusoro uye inotsigira kukura kwekusimudzira kwakarimwa kwakakwana.

Anowanzoshandiswa kurima anodzora kurima mupunga kusanganisira kuridzwa kweGibberellic acid (GA3), paclobutrazol (paclobutrazol (PARS), uye prohexadione calcium. Runyorwa chaidzo ndezvekutevera:

Gibberellic Acid (GA3)
Inoshanda panguva yekudyara uye yekukwira stacky dormancy, inosimudzira hypocotyl elongation, kuwedzera mitengo yechibereko ne10% -20%, uye kupfupisa inomunyorera nguva nemazuva 2-3. Kukurudzirwa kwakakurudzirwa kwekukwegura kwembeu ndeye 20-30 mg "/ l (kusungira kwemaawa 48-72 maawa), uye 10-15 mg" / l (kushungurudzika kwemaawa 24-36) kune yakadzika-tembiricha mhodzi.

Paccolutrazol (Paclo)
Izvo zvinoshandiswa kudzora kukura kwakanyanyisa kurima, kuripfumisa kufumura kweiyo basal Iyo Yakakurudzirwa Dosage ndeye 40 G / Acre ye15% PaccloButrazol, Yakaraswa panguva yechizunguzi kana yekubika nhanho yemupunga.

Brassinlide (BS)
Iyo inosimudzira photosynthesis uye inosimudzira kushushikana kuramba. 24-Epibrassinosinlide inogona kuiswa seyekupararira kwefaira kuti azivise chirimwa kuramba; 28 -Hobrassinoslilide yakakodzera zvirimwa zvakadai sehomwe negorosi kusimudzira kukura.

Prohexadione Calcium
Izvo zvinoshandiswa kudzora kukura kwakanyanya uye kudzivirira pekugara mumupunga, inhibit cell Iyo Yakakurudzirwa Dosage ndeye 15% prohexadione calcium 40 g / mu, yakapfava pakupera kwemupunga kana musoro.