Ukusetyenziswa kwezilawuli zokukhula kwezityalo kwiplanti yeziqhamo-Iidiliya
Ukusetyenziswa kwezilawuli zokukhula kwezityalo kwiplanti yeziqhamo-Iidiliya
1)Ingcambu ikhule
SebenzisaIngcambu yokumkani
--Xa uhlwayela izithole, i-8-10g inyibilikiswe ku-3-6L yamanzi, cwina izithole imizuzu emi-5 okanye ngokulinganayo ukutshiza iingcambu de zivuze, kwaye emva koko utshintshe;
--emva kokutshintshwa, i-8-10g inyibilika kwi-10-15L yamanzi ukutshiza;
--yemithi yabantu abadala, le mveliso ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye ixutywe nezinye izichumisi, 500g/667㎡ xa. ukunkcenkceshela igadi yeziqhamo, amaxesha 1-2 ngexesha lonyaka.
2)Nqanda ukukhula kwamahlumela
Ekuqaleni kokukhula okuphumelelayo kwamahlumela amatsha, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kweentyantyambo, ukutshiza i-100 ~ 500mg/L yeyeza elimanzi kwakunempembelelo enkulu yokuthintela ekukhuleni kwamahlumelo amatsha eediliya, kwaye inani lokukhula ngokubanzi lancitshiswa nge-1/ /3 ~ 2/3 xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umphumo wokutshiza kwihlumela lomdiliya wenyuka ngokunyuka koxinzelelo, kodwa xa ugxininiso luphezulu kune-1000mg/L, umda wamagqabi uya kuba luhlaza kwaye aphuzi;
Xa ugxininiso ludlula i-3000mg/L, umonakalo wexesha elide akulula ukuwubuyisela. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ukuxinwa kwezitshizi zediliya. Impembelelo yokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwe-brassin ayihambelani phakathi kweentlobo zeediliya, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukulawula ukuxinwa okufanelekileyo kokulawulwa kwe-brassin shoot ngokweentlobo zendawo kunye neemeko zendalo.
Ukusetyenziswa komhlaba weDotrazole:
Phambi kokuntshula, i-6 ~ 10g ye-15% ye-dotrazole yayigalelwa kumdiliya ngamnye (imveliso esulungekileyo yayiyi-0.9 ~ 1.5g). Emva kwesicelo, rhuqa umhlaba ukuze iyeza lisasazwe ngokulinganayo kumaleko omhlaba obunzulu obungama-375px. Ubude be-internode abuzange buthintelwe ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kumacandelo e-4 emva kokusetyenziswa, kwaye ubude be-internode baba mfutshane kakhulu emva kwamacandelo e-4. Xa kuthelekiswa neqela elilawulayo, ubude bokudubula bonyaka be-6g buyi-67%, i-8g yayingu-60%, kwaye i-10g yayingu-52%.
Ukutshiza nge-Foliar: Isetyenziswe kanye ngeveki emva kokutyatyamba, kunye nedosi esebenzayo ye-1000-2000mg /L. Ukukhula kwehlumela lonyaka kwakumalunga ne-60-2000px kuphela, eyayimalunga ne-60% yolawulo, kwaye ukubunjwa kwe-flower spike kunyaka wesibini kwakuyi-1.6-1.78 amaxesha olawulo. Isitshizi samagqabi kufuneka sigalelwe kwisigaba sokuqala sokukhula kwamahlumelo amatsha (kaninzi ekupheleni kweentyatyambo), kwaye emva kwexesha kakhulu ukuthintela ukukhula kwamahlumelo amatsha akucacanga.
3) ukuphucula izinga lokumisa iziqhamo
Umlinganiselo wokumiselwa kweziqhamo unokunyuswa ngokutshiza ulwelo ngo-10 ~ 15mg/L ulwelo 1 ~ 2 amaxesha ekuqaleni kwenqanaba lokuntshula kweentyatyambo.Ngosuku lwe-6 emva kokutyatyamba, iidiliya zinokugalelwa nge-0.01mg/L ye-brassinolide ~ 481 isisombululo ukuphucula izinga lokumisela iziqhamo.
Ugxininiso lweicytokininkwi-greenhouse kulinywa yi-5mg/L ~ 10mg/L, kwaye ugxininiso lokulinywa kwintsimi evulekileyo yi-2mg/L ~ 5mg/L unyango lwe-spike oluntywilisiweyo, olunokuthintela ukuwa kweentyatyambo, kunyegibberellinunyango kwinkqubo yokuvelisa lwenziwa njengesiqhelo.
Xa amahlumela ayeyi-15 ~ 1000px ubude, ukutshiza i-500mg/L ye-Meizhoun kunokukhuthaza ukwahlulwa kwamahlumelo asebusika kumdiliya omkhulu.Ukutshiza i-300mg//L kwiiveki ezi-2 zokuqala zokudumba okanye i-1000 ~ 2000mg//L ixesha lokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwamahlumela esibini linokukhuthaza ukuhlukana kweentyatyambo kwiintyatyambo.
Nangona kunjalo, emva kokusetyenziswa komdiliya, i-axis ye-inflorescence isoloko ifinyeziwe, iziqhamo zeziqhamo ziyaxina, zichaphazela umoya kunye nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya, kwaye kulula ukugula. Ukuba idibaniswe ne-concentration ephantsi ye-gibberellin, i-axis ye-inflorescence inokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo.
4) ukuphucula ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo, ukwandisa ukukhula kwezityalo
fafaza iSodium nitrophenolate 5000 ~ 6000 amaxesha emva kokuvela kwamathupha amatsha, kwaye utshize 2 ~ 3 amaxesha ukusuka 20d phambi kokuba ukudubula kweentyatyambo ukuya nje phambi kokudubula, kwaye utshize 1 ~ 2 amaxesha emva kwesiphumo.
Inokukhuthaza iziqhamo kunye ne-hypertrophy yeziqhamo, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo kwaye kubuyisele amandla omthi, kuthintele ukudodobala koqoqosho, kwaye kube nefuthe elihle lokukhuthaza umgangatho wemveliso kunye nencasa.
fafaza i-10 ~ 15mg/L ulwelo 1 ~ 2 amaxesha ngexesha lesigaba sokwandisa isiqhamo, esinokwenza ukuba isiqhamo sikhule ngokukhawuleza, ubukhulu bufanayo, umxholo weswekile uyanda, kwaye ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo kuphuculwe.
5) ukwandisa isiqhamo, ukuphucula umgangatho, ukwandisa imveliso
Gibberellinisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-hormone yokukhula kwi-granulocytes emva kweentyantyambo, ekhuthaza ukunyuswa kunye nokwandiswa kweeseli, ngelixa uququzelela ukuthuthwa kunye nokuqokelela kwezinto eziphilayo kwizityalo zeziqhamo, ukwandisa imixholo yeeseli zenyama ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa iinkozo zeziqhamo. ngo-1 ukuya ku-2 amaxesha, ngaloo ndlela iphucula kakhulu ixabiso lempahla.
Nangona i-gibberellin inesiphumo sokwandisa iinkozo zeziqhamo, ikwanefuthe elibi lokwenza isiqu sesiqhamo sibe brittle kwaye kube lula ukuwa iinkozo.
BA(6-carymethine)kunye ne-streptomycin inokongezwa ekusebenziseni ukuyithintela.Indlela yokudibanisa ethile ixhomekeke kwiindidi kunye nendlela yokusetyenziswa kwaye kufuneka igqitywe ngovavanyo.
Xa usebenzisagibberellin ukwandisa iinkozo zeziqhamo, kufuneka zidityaniswe nobuchwephesha bezolimo obulungileyo ukufumana isiphumo esifanelekileyo.
Cytokinin + gibberellinemva kokudubula kweentyatyambo, ngo-10d kunye ne-20d, ukutshiza nge-cytokinin edibeneyo kunye ne-gibberellin edibeneyo, enokwenza ukuba isiqhamo esingenasiphelo sikhule silingane nesiqhamo esingenasiphelo, kwaye isiqhamo sinokunyuka nge-50%.
6. Ukhule kwangoko
I-Ethethyleneyi-arhente yokuvuthwa kweziqhamo, lichiza eliqhelekileyo lokufaka imibala ekuqaleni, ukusetyenziswa koxinaniso kunye nexesha liyahluka kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuvuthwa kwamaqunube 100 ukuya ku-500mg/L, iintlobo ezinemibala kwi-5% ukuya kwi-15. Ipesenti yaqala ukufaka imibala, ingasetyenziswa kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-12 phambi kokuvuthwa.
Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba xa isiqhamo saqala ukuvuthwa, sinokuvuthwa kwiintsuku ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 ngaphambili kunye ne-250-300 mg/Lethephon.
Ngoxinzelelo oluphantsi lwesisombululo se-gibberellin, inqanaba lokuvuthwa lamaqunube omdiliya linokuqhubela phambili kakhulu, kwaye isiqhamo siphathwagibberellininokufakwa kwimarike phantse inyanga ye-1 ngaphambili, kwaye inzuzo yayo yezoqoqosho iya kuphucula kakhulu.
7. Iziqhamo denuclearization
Gibberellinikholisa ukufakwa iikomityi ezinkulu zeplastiki nganye nganye.
Umyinge werosedew enyangwa ngendlela yokumiliselwa phambi kokuba idubule yi-100mg/L, kwaye ubungakanani bechiza elisetyenziswa kwiqhekeza ngalinye limalunga ne-0.5mL.
Emva konyango lwe-anthesis, ukukhula kokwanda kwakumalunga ne-1.5 mL ngeqhekeza ngalinye.
Indlela yokumiliselwa kwe-spike eyenziweyo yayisetyenziselwa unyango lwangaphambi kweentyatyambo, kwaye isitshizi sesandla sasisetyenziselwa ukutshiza ngeshawa emva konyango lweentyatyambo.
Ziphephe iintsuku apho amaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-30 degrees celcius ukusuka kwi-12 a.m. ngemini enelanga okanye ukususela ngeyesi-3 p.m. ukutshona kwelanga.
Ukufuma okuhambelanayo malunga ne-80%, kwaye inokugcina i-2d.
Imozulu yomile, kulula ukwenza umonakalo weziyobisi, kwaye umphumo wonyango awulungile ngeentsuku zemvula.
Kufuneka uluphephe olu hlobo lwemozulu xa usebenza entsimini.
Ukuba imvula elula iwa emva kwe-8h yonyango, ayinakunyangwa kwakhona, kwaye ukuba imvula inamandla, kufuneka iqhutywe kwakhona.
1)Ingcambu ikhule
SebenzisaIngcambu yokumkani
| Umsebenzi | Umthamo | Ukusetyenziswa | |
| Umthi womntwana | Thatha iingcambu, uphucule izinga lokusinda | 500-700 Amaxesha | Zicwilise izithole |
| Umsebenzi | Umthamo | Ukusetyenziswa | |
| Imithi yabantu abadala | Iingcambu ezomeleleyo, zomeleza amandla omthi | 500g/667㎡ | Ukunkcenkceshela ngeengcambu |
--Xa uhlwayela izithole, i-8-10g inyibilikiswe ku-3-6L yamanzi, cwina izithole imizuzu emi-5 okanye ngokulinganayo ukutshiza iingcambu de zivuze, kwaye emva koko utshintshe;
--emva kokutshintshwa, i-8-10g inyibilika kwi-10-15L yamanzi ukutshiza;
--yemithi yabantu abadala, le mveliso ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye ixutywe nezinye izichumisi, 500g/667㎡ xa. ukunkcenkceshela igadi yeziqhamo, amaxesha 1-2 ngexesha lonyaka.
2)Nqanda ukukhula kwamahlumela
Ekuqaleni kokukhula okuphumelelayo kwamahlumela amatsha, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kweentyantyambo, ukutshiza i-100 ~ 500mg/L yeyeza elimanzi kwakunempembelelo enkulu yokuthintela ekukhuleni kwamahlumelo amatsha eediliya, kwaye inani lokukhula ngokubanzi lancitshiswa nge-1/ /3 ~ 2/3 xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umphumo wokutshiza kwihlumela lomdiliya wenyuka ngokunyuka koxinzelelo, kodwa xa ugxininiso luphezulu kune-1000mg/L, umda wamagqabi uya kuba luhlaza kwaye aphuzi;
Xa ugxininiso ludlula i-3000mg/L, umonakalo wexesha elide akulula ukuwubuyisela. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ukuxinwa kwezitshizi zediliya. Impembelelo yokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwe-brassin ayihambelani phakathi kweentlobo zeediliya, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukulawula ukuxinwa okufanelekileyo kokulawulwa kwe-brassin shoot ngokweentlobo zendawo kunye neemeko zendalo.
Ukusetyenziswa komhlaba weDotrazole:
Phambi kokuntshula, i-6 ~ 10g ye-15% ye-dotrazole yayigalelwa kumdiliya ngamnye (imveliso esulungekileyo yayiyi-0.9 ~ 1.5g). Emva kwesicelo, rhuqa umhlaba ukuze iyeza lisasazwe ngokulinganayo kumaleko omhlaba obunzulu obungama-375px. Ubude be-internode abuzange buthintelwe ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kumacandelo e-4 emva kokusetyenziswa, kwaye ubude be-internode baba mfutshane kakhulu emva kwamacandelo e-4. Xa kuthelekiswa neqela elilawulayo, ubude bokudubula bonyaka be-6g buyi-67%, i-8g yayingu-60%, kwaye i-10g yayingu-52%.
Ukutshiza nge-Foliar: Isetyenziswe kanye ngeveki emva kokutyatyamba, kunye nedosi esebenzayo ye-1000-2000mg /L. Ukukhula kwehlumela lonyaka kwakumalunga ne-60-2000px kuphela, eyayimalunga ne-60% yolawulo, kwaye ukubunjwa kwe-flower spike kunyaka wesibini kwakuyi-1.6-1.78 amaxesha olawulo. Isitshizi samagqabi kufuneka sigalelwe kwisigaba sokuqala sokukhula kwamahlumelo amatsha (kaninzi ekupheleni kweentyatyambo), kwaye emva kwexesha kakhulu ukuthintela ukukhula kwamahlumelo amatsha akucacanga.
3) ukuphucula izinga lokumisa iziqhamo
Umlinganiselo wokumiselwa kweziqhamo unokunyuswa ngokutshiza ulwelo ngo-10 ~ 15mg/L ulwelo 1 ~ 2 amaxesha ekuqaleni kwenqanaba lokuntshula kweentyatyambo.Ngosuku lwe-6 emva kokutyatyamba, iidiliya zinokugalelwa nge-0.01mg/L ye-brassinolide ~ 481 isisombululo ukuphucula izinga lokumisela iziqhamo.
Ugxininiso lweicytokininkwi-greenhouse kulinywa yi-5mg/L ~ 10mg/L, kwaye ugxininiso lokulinywa kwintsimi evulekileyo yi-2mg/L ~ 5mg/L unyango lwe-spike oluntywilisiweyo, olunokuthintela ukuwa kweentyatyambo, kunyegibberellinunyango kwinkqubo yokuvelisa lwenziwa njengesiqhelo.
Xa amahlumela ayeyi-15 ~ 1000px ubude, ukutshiza i-500mg/L ye-Meizhoun kunokukhuthaza ukwahlulwa kwamahlumelo asebusika kumdiliya omkhulu.Ukutshiza i-300mg//L kwiiveki ezi-2 zokuqala zokudumba okanye i-1000 ~ 2000mg//L ixesha lokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwamahlumela esibini linokukhuthaza ukuhlukana kweentyatyambo kwiintyatyambo.
Nangona kunjalo, emva kokusetyenziswa komdiliya, i-axis ye-inflorescence isoloko ifinyeziwe, iziqhamo zeziqhamo ziyaxina, zichaphazela umoya kunye nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya, kwaye kulula ukugula. Ukuba idibaniswe ne-concentration ephantsi ye-gibberellin, i-axis ye-inflorescence inokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo.
4) ukuphucula ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo, ukwandisa ukukhula kwezityalo
fafaza iSodium nitrophenolate 5000 ~ 6000 amaxesha emva kokuvela kwamathupha amatsha, kwaye utshize 2 ~ 3 amaxesha ukusuka 20d phambi kokuba ukudubula kweentyatyambo ukuya nje phambi kokudubula, kwaye utshize 1 ~ 2 amaxesha emva kwesiphumo.
Inokukhuthaza iziqhamo kunye ne-hypertrophy yeziqhamo, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo kwaye kubuyisele amandla omthi, kuthintele ukudodobala koqoqosho, kwaye kube nefuthe elihle lokukhuthaza umgangatho wemveliso kunye nencasa.
fafaza i-10 ~ 15mg/L ulwelo 1 ~ 2 amaxesha ngexesha lesigaba sokwandisa isiqhamo, esinokwenza ukuba isiqhamo sikhule ngokukhawuleza, ubukhulu bufanayo, umxholo weswekile uyanda, kwaye ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo kuphuculwe.
5) ukwandisa isiqhamo, ukuphucula umgangatho, ukwandisa imveliso
Gibberellinisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-hormone yokukhula kwi-granulocytes emva kweentyantyambo, ekhuthaza ukunyuswa kunye nokwandiswa kweeseli, ngelixa uququzelela ukuthuthwa kunye nokuqokelela kwezinto eziphilayo kwizityalo zeziqhamo, ukwandisa imixholo yeeseli zenyama ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa iinkozo zeziqhamo. ngo-1 ukuya ku-2 amaxesha, ngaloo ndlela iphucula kakhulu ixabiso lempahla.
Nangona i-gibberellin inesiphumo sokwandisa iinkozo zeziqhamo, ikwanefuthe elibi lokwenza isiqu sesiqhamo sibe brittle kwaye kube lula ukuwa iinkozo.
BA(6-carymethine)kunye ne-streptomycin inokongezwa ekusebenziseni ukuyithintela.Indlela yokudibanisa ethile ixhomekeke kwiindidi kunye nendlela yokusetyenziswa kwaye kufuneka igqitywe ngovavanyo.
Xa usebenzisagibberellin ukwandisa iinkozo zeziqhamo, kufuneka zidityaniswe nobuchwephesha bezolimo obulungileyo ukufumana isiphumo esifanelekileyo.
Cytokinin + gibberellinemva kokudubula kweentyatyambo, ngo-10d kunye ne-20d, ukutshiza nge-cytokinin edibeneyo kunye ne-gibberellin edibeneyo, enokwenza ukuba isiqhamo esingenasiphelo sikhule silingane nesiqhamo esingenasiphelo, kwaye isiqhamo sinokunyuka nge-50%.
6. Ukhule kwangoko
I-Ethethyleneyi-arhente yokuvuthwa kweziqhamo, lichiza eliqhelekileyo lokufaka imibala ekuqaleni, ukusetyenziswa koxinaniso kunye nexesha liyahluka kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuvuthwa kwamaqunube 100 ukuya ku-500mg/L, iintlobo ezinemibala kwi-5% ukuya kwi-15. Ipesenti yaqala ukufaka imibala, ingasetyenziswa kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-12 phambi kokuvuthwa.
Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba xa isiqhamo saqala ukuvuthwa, sinokuvuthwa kwiintsuku ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 ngaphambili kunye ne-250-300 mg/Lethephon.
Ngoxinzelelo oluphantsi lwesisombululo se-gibberellin, inqanaba lokuvuthwa lamaqunube omdiliya linokuqhubela phambili kakhulu, kwaye isiqhamo siphathwagibberellininokufakwa kwimarike phantse inyanga ye-1 ngaphambili, kwaye inzuzo yayo yezoqoqosho iya kuphucula kakhulu.
7. Iziqhamo denuclearization
Gibberellinikholisa ukufakwa iikomityi ezinkulu zeplastiki nganye nganye.
Umyinge werosedew enyangwa ngendlela yokumiliselwa phambi kokuba idubule yi-100mg/L, kwaye ubungakanani bechiza elisetyenziswa kwiqhekeza ngalinye limalunga ne-0.5mL.
Emva konyango lwe-anthesis, ukukhula kokwanda kwakumalunga ne-1.5 mL ngeqhekeza ngalinye.
Indlela yokumiliselwa kwe-spike eyenziweyo yayisetyenziselwa unyango lwangaphambi kweentyatyambo, kwaye isitshizi sesandla sasisetyenziselwa ukutshiza ngeshawa emva konyango lweentyatyambo.
Ziphephe iintsuku apho amaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-30 degrees celcius ukusuka kwi-12 a.m. ngemini enelanga okanye ukususela ngeyesi-3 p.m. ukutshona kwelanga.
Ukufuma okuhambelanayo malunga ne-80%, kwaye inokugcina i-2d.
Imozulu yomile, kulula ukwenza umonakalo weziyobisi, kwaye umphumo wonyango awulungile ngeentsuku zemvula.
Kufuneka uluphephe olu hlobo lwemozulu xa usebenza entsimini.
Ukuba imvula elula iwa emva kwe-8h yonyango, ayinakunyangwa kwakhona, kwaye ukuba imvula inamandla, kufuneka iqhutywe kwakhona.
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