Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokutshala uphayinaphu zihlanganisa ukukhetha umhlabathi, ukuhlwanyela, ukuphatha kanye nokulawula izinambuzane

Ukukhetha umhlabathi
Uphayinaphu uthanda inhlabathi ene-asidi enenani le-pH eliphakathi kuka-5.5-6.5. Inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe kahle futhi icebile ngezinto eziphilayo futhi ilandele izakhi ezifana ne-phosphorus ne-potassium. Umhlabathi kufanele ulinywe ukujula okungaba ngu-30 cm ukuze imbewu ikhule kangcono.

Ukuhlwanyela
Amaphayinaphu ngokuvamile ahlwanyelwa entwasahlobo, kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-April. Ukwelashwa kwembewu kuhlanganisa ukucwiliswa emanzini afudumele nokwelapha ngekhambi le-carbendazim ukuvimbela nokulawula izinambuzane nezifo. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi idinga ukugcinwa imanzi ukuze kube lula ukuhluma kwembewu.

Abaphathi
Uphayinaphu udinga imisoco eyanele kanye namanzi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwawo. Ukukhipha ukhula njalo, ukuvundisa kanye nokulawula izinambuzane kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zokuphatha. Ukuvundisa kusekelwe ikakhulukazi kumanyolo we-nitrogen, phosphorus kanye ne-potassium, osetshenziswa kanye ngenyanga. Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-fungicides nama-insecticides.

Ukulawula izinambuzane
Izifo ezivamile zihlanganisa i-anthracnose kanye namachashazi amaqabunga, futhi izinambuzane ezinambuzane zihlanganisa ama-aphid kanye nezibungu zesicabucabu. Izindlela zokuvimbela nokulawula zihlanganisa ukufafaza ama-fungicides kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane, nokuqinisa ukuphathwa kwezitshalo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana.

Umjikelezo wokukhula kanye nesivuno sikaphayinaphu
Izihlahla zikaphayinaphu ngokuvamile zithatha iminyaka emi-3-4 ukuthela izithelo, futhi zingavunwa unyaka wonke. Uphayinaphu unenani eliphezulu lokutshala, izinga eliphezulu lokusinda kanye nezinga lokuthela, futhi ungakhiqiza amakati angama-20,000 mumu ngayinye. Uphayinaphu unezindleko eziphansi zokutshala kanye nesivuno esikhulu, okwenza intengo yawo yemakethe ingabizi kakhulu.

Ngokukhetha umhlabathi okufanele, izinyathelo zesayensi zokuhlwanyela kanye nokuphatha, isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yamaphayinaphu kungathuthukiswa ngempumelelo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo semakethe.

Ukusetshenziswa kokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo kuphayinaphu
3-CPA(fruitone CPA) noma i-Pinsoa Phayinaphu inkosi, ingakhuphula isisindo sezithelo, yenze uphayinaphu unambitheke kangcono futhi andise ukukhiqizwa.