Yawancin tsire-tsire da ake amfani da su da tasirinsu a matakai daban-daban lokacin dasa fata
A lokacin alkama dasa, da dace amfani da masu tsara girma (PGRS) na iya inganta ci gaba, inganta juriya da damuwa da karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ana amfani da masu gudanar da ayyukan da ke gaba da ayyukan da suke yi a matakai daban-daban:
I. Shuka zuwa seedling mataki
1. Gibberellic acid (Ga₃)
- Aiki: Yanke iri dormancy da inganta kayan aiki germination.
- Amfani da: jiƙa tsaba tare da karancin taro (10-20 ppm) kafin shuka.
2. 1-Naphthyl acetic acid (NA) ko Tushen Foda (ABT)
- Aiki: Inganta ci gaban tushen da enhance seedling damuwa juriya.
- Usage: Mix tsaba ko fesa a kan barin lokacin seedling mataki.
II. Tillering zuwa matakin hadin gwiwa
1. Packobutrazol (pp₃₃) ko uniconizole
- Aiki: hana kara elongation da hana masauki a mataki na gaba; inganta har zuwa kunnuwa.
- Amfani da: fesa kafin hadin gwiwa (maida hankali ne game da 100-150 ppm).
2. Chloremat chloride (CCC)
- Tasiri: Gajeren tsoratarwa da kuma inganta juriya.
- Usage: fesa a farkon matakin haɗin gwiwa (0.2% -0 -0.3% bayani).
III. Booting zuwa mataki na fure
1. Brassinolide (Brasinolide (Br)
- Tasiri: Inganta ingancin hoto, inganta bambance bambancen kunne, kuma rage bambancin abin da aka haifar da babban zafin jiki ko fari.
- Amfani: fesa a matakin booting (0.01-0.05 ppm).
2. Sodium nitropenal
- Tasiri: rage phytotoxicicicity ko mummunan damuwa da haɓaka ƙwayar ƙwayar fure.
- Amfani da: fesa kafin furen (1.8% mafi kyau mafi kyau diluted 2000-3000 sau).
IV. Hatsi cike zuwa matakin balaga
1. Ethelphon
- Tasirin: Inganta busar hatsi da hanzarta balaga (yi amfani da taka tsantsan don kauce wa tsufa mai tsufa).
- Amfani da: fesa a karancin taro a ƙarshen hatsi cike mataki.
2. Potassium dihyydragen phosphate + urea
- Aiki: Karin abinci mai kyau ga ganye, haɓaka lokacin aiki na ganye, da kuma ƙara nauyin hatsi.
- Amfani da: fesa yayin cika (0.3% potassium dhyydrate phosphate + 1% urea).
V. Gudanar da Damuwa
1
- Aiki: Cutar da cuta cuta (kamar mildew powdery, tsatsa), rage fari da fari / gishiri.
2. Acic acid (aba)
- Aiki: Haɓaka juriya na fari da rage ruwan sha.
Vi. Madadin dasa shuki
- Fitarwar ruwan teku: ya ƙunshi na halitta Axin da Cytokinin don haɓaka juriya da wahala.
- Acid Humic acid: Inganta yanayin ƙasa da inganta ci gaban tushen ci gaban.
Matakan kariya
1. Tsaruwa mai tsayayye: kashi mai yawa na iya haifar da hanzari ko phytotoxcicicity.
2. Lokaci yana da mahimmanci: Idan ana amfani da chlormequat a farkon matakin haɗin gwiwa, sakamakon zai zama matalauta idan ana amfani da shi latti.
3. Amfani da Halicci: Yi amfani da masu tsara bayanai (kamar Pacloobutrazol) tare da taka tsantsan yayin fari don gujewa m damuwa.
4. Haɗin Karara: Guji haɗawa da magungunan alkaline kuma yana gudanar da gwajin rabin sikelin da farko.
Taƙaitawa
Shuka girma masu rikitarwa suna buƙatar amfani dashi sassauya tare da nau'ikan alkama, yanayin ƙasa da yanayi. Babban burin shine don daidaitawa da ciyayi da kuma girma na haihuwa. A cikin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace, ana bada shawara don amfani da matakan agronomic (m dening dasa, ruwa da kuma gudanar da takin na a matsayin ƙari, kuma yana nufin jagorancin haɓakar haɓakar aikin gona na gida.
I. Shuka zuwa seedling mataki
1. Gibberellic acid (Ga₃)
- Aiki: Yanke iri dormancy da inganta kayan aiki germination.
- Amfani da: jiƙa tsaba tare da karancin taro (10-20 ppm) kafin shuka.
2. 1-Naphthyl acetic acid (NA) ko Tushen Foda (ABT)
- Aiki: Inganta ci gaban tushen da enhance seedling damuwa juriya.
- Usage: Mix tsaba ko fesa a kan barin lokacin seedling mataki.
II. Tillering zuwa matakin hadin gwiwa
1. Packobutrazol (pp₃₃) ko uniconizole
- Aiki: hana kara elongation da hana masauki a mataki na gaba; inganta har zuwa kunnuwa.
- Amfani da: fesa kafin hadin gwiwa (maida hankali ne game da 100-150 ppm).
2. Chloremat chloride (CCC)
- Tasiri: Gajeren tsoratarwa da kuma inganta juriya.
- Usage: fesa a farkon matakin haɗin gwiwa (0.2% -0 -0.3% bayani).
III. Booting zuwa mataki na fure
1. Brassinolide (Brasinolide (Br)
- Tasiri: Inganta ingancin hoto, inganta bambance bambancen kunne, kuma rage bambancin abin da aka haifar da babban zafin jiki ko fari.
- Amfani: fesa a matakin booting (0.01-0.05 ppm).
2. Sodium nitropenal
- Tasiri: rage phytotoxicicicity ko mummunan damuwa da haɓaka ƙwayar ƙwayar fure.
- Amfani da: fesa kafin furen (1.8% mafi kyau mafi kyau diluted 2000-3000 sau).
IV. Hatsi cike zuwa matakin balaga
1. Ethelphon
- Tasirin: Inganta busar hatsi da hanzarta balaga (yi amfani da taka tsantsan don kauce wa tsufa mai tsufa).
- Amfani da: fesa a karancin taro a ƙarshen hatsi cike mataki.
2. Potassium dihyydragen phosphate + urea
- Aiki: Karin abinci mai kyau ga ganye, haɓaka lokacin aiki na ganye, da kuma ƙara nauyin hatsi.
- Amfani da: fesa yayin cika (0.3% potassium dhyydrate phosphate + 1% urea).
V. Gudanar da Damuwa
1
- Aiki: Cutar da cuta cuta (kamar mildew powdery, tsatsa), rage fari da fari / gishiri.
2. Acic acid (aba)
- Aiki: Haɓaka juriya na fari da rage ruwan sha.
Vi. Madadin dasa shuki
- Fitarwar ruwan teku: ya ƙunshi na halitta Axin da Cytokinin don haɓaka juriya da wahala.
- Acid Humic acid: Inganta yanayin ƙasa da inganta ci gaban tushen ci gaban.
Matakan kariya
1. Tsaruwa mai tsayayye: kashi mai yawa na iya haifar da hanzari ko phytotoxcicicity.
2. Lokaci yana da mahimmanci: Idan ana amfani da chlormequat a farkon matakin haɗin gwiwa, sakamakon zai zama matalauta idan ana amfani da shi latti.
3. Amfani da Halicci: Yi amfani da masu tsara bayanai (kamar Pacloobutrazol) tare da taka tsantsan yayin fari don gujewa m damuwa.
4. Haɗin Karara: Guji haɗawa da magungunan alkaline kuma yana gudanar da gwajin rabin sikelin da farko.
Taƙaitawa
Shuka girma masu rikitarwa suna buƙatar amfani dashi sassauya tare da nau'ikan alkama, yanayin ƙasa da yanayi. Babban burin shine don daidaitawa da ciyayi da kuma girma na haihuwa. A cikin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace, ana bada shawara don amfani da matakan agronomic (m dening dasa, ruwa da kuma gudanar da takin na a matsayin ƙari, kuma yana nufin jagorancin haɓakar haɓakar aikin gona na gida.
