Nau'o'i da Hanyoyi na Ayyukan Ma'aikata na gama gari don Kiyaye Fure da 'ya'yan itace a cikin Kayan lambu

(I) Masu Gudanar da Ci gaban Shuka

1. Auxsin

(2,4-D), 4-CPA. Wadannan jami'ai suna aiki ta hanyar kwaikwayon auxins na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ta haka suna inganta haɓakar cell da rarrabuwa, haɓaka ayyukan rayuwa a cikin ovary, da haifar da parthenocarpy (samuwar 'ya'yan itace marasa iri). 2,4-D yana nuna babban aikin nazarin halittu kuma ana amfani dashi akai-akai don kayan lambu masu solanaceous kamar tumatir da eggplants; duk da haka, dole ne a sarrafa ma'auni na aikace-aikacensa sosai (yawanci 10-20 MG / L don tumatir), saboda yawan yawan adadin zai iya haifar da rashin lafiyar 'ya'yan itace. 4-CPA yana ba da bayanin martaba mafi girma kuma ya dace don amfani akan kayan lambu iri-iri, gami da tumatir, cucumbers, da barkono, yawanci a yawan adadin daga 25 zuwa 50 mg / L.

2. Gibberellins

Gibberellic acid (GA3) yana haɓaka haɓakar tantanin halitta kuma yana karya kwanciyar hankali, ta haka yana haɓaka ƙimar saitin 'ya'yan itace. A cikin noman innabi, yin amfani da GA3 (50 MG / L) a lokacin lokacin furanni na iya inganta haɓakar Berry da rage haɓakar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta (hardening na 'ya'yan itace). Don strawberries, fesa GA3 (5-10 mg / L) yayin lokacin fure yana haɓaka haɓakar peduncle kuma yana haɓaka haɓakar pollination.

3. Cytokinin

Misalai sun haɗa da 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) da Forchlorfenuron (KT-30). Wadannan jami'ai suna inganta rarraba tantanin halitta, jinkirta jinkiri, kuma suna ƙara yawan adadin sel a cikin 'ya'yan itace. Ana amfani da Forchlorfenuron sosai ga kankana da kankana, inda yake inganta haɓakar 'ya'yan itace sosai; duk da haka, aikace-aikacen da ba daidai ba zai iya haifar da sauƙi a cikin wuraren da ba su da kyau ko rashin daidaituwa a cikin 'ya'yan itace.


(II) Abubuwan Gina Jiki

1. Takin Boron

Boron yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin haɗin abubuwan pectin a cikin ganuwar tantanin halitta kuma yana haɓaka haɓakar pollen da haɓakar bututun pollen. Karancin Boron yana haifar da rashin haɓakar gabobin fure da rage ƙarfin pollen a cikin kayan lambu, wanda ke haifar da faɗuwar fure da 'ya'yan itace. Fesa maganin 0.1%-0.2% na borax ko boric acid a lokacin lokacin furanni na iya haɓaka ƙimar saitin kayan marmari kamar tumatir, cucumbers, da legumes.

2. Calcium Taki

Calcium yana daidaita tsarin membrane na tantanin halitta kuma yana haɓaka ƙarfin 'ya'yan itace da juriyar damuwa. Rashin lafiyar jiki-kamar fure-fure-ƙarshen rot a cikin tumatir da barkono-suna da alaƙa da ƙarancin calcium. Aikace-aikacen foliar na 0.3%-0.5% calcium chloride ko maganin barasa na calcium sugar yayin lokacin 'ya'yan itace zai iya hana irin waɗannan cututtuka yadda ya kamata kuma ya tsawaita rayuwar 'ya'yan itacen.

3. Phosphorus da Potassium Taki

Phosphorus yana shiga cikin metabolism na makamashin shuka kuma yana haɓaka bambancin furen fure; potassium yana haɓaka juriya na damuwa na shuka kuma yana haɓaka haɓakar jigilar samfuran photosynthesis zuwa 'ya'yan itace. Aikace-aikacen foliar na 0.2%-0.3% monopotassium phosphate bayani na iya haɓaka ƙarfin fure-fure da damar kayan lambu.


(III) Biostimulants

1. Cire ciyawa

Mai wadata a cikin abubuwa masu aiki kamar polysaccharides, mahadi phenolic, da masu kula da ci gaban shuka, waɗannan tsantsa suna haɓaka juriya na tsirrai da haɓaka bambance-bambancen furen fure da haɓakar 'ya'yan itace. Nazarin ya nuna cewa yin amfani da takin foliar mai ɗauke da alginic acid a lokacin furen kokwamba zai iya ƙara yawan saitin 'ya'yan itace da kashi 15-20%.

2. Humic Acids

Wadannan mahadi suna inganta tsarin ƙasa, suna haɓaka haɓakar tushen, kuma suna haɓaka ƙarfin shuka don cin abinci mai gina jiki. Bugu da ƙari, humic acid yana daidaita ma'auni na hormones na tsire-tsire masu rai, ta haka yana inganta riƙe furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin kayan lambu.