Kukula kwa mbewu 10 Kukula Kumathandizira Kukula kwa mpunga

1. Gibberellic acid (GA3)

Gibberellic acid (GA3) ndi othandizira obzala mbewu omwe angalimbikitse mbewu ndi chitukuko, kukulitsa zokolola mopitirira, zimawonjezera zipatso, ndikulimbikitsa kukula ndi kuwonjezeretsa zipatso za kusalala. Gibberellic acid imatha kuthyola msanga mbewu ndikulimbikitsa kumera. Mu gawo la mpunga, woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi pomwe kholo la Mpunga ndi 20-3% mutuwo ndi masiku 1-6%, omwe amatha kuwonjezera mpunga ndikuwonjezera zipatso.

Kuchepetsa kwa mpunga kwa maola 24 ndi 10-15 mg / l Gibberellic acid amatha kuwonjezera yunifolomu ya kumera. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kumera kwa mpunga wobwezeretsanso mpunga. Patsiku lokolola nyengo yoyambirira mpunga, utsi 20 mg / l ndi madzi 50 l. Nthawi yachiwiri, kupopera 20 mg / l ndi madzi 50 a machesi pamutu pomwe mutuwo umakhala 20%.

2. Brassinolide

Brassinolide imakhala ndi ntchito yayikulu kwambiri komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Sizingalimbikitse kukula ndi zipatso za mpunga, komanso kukonza zokolola, kuwonjezera zokolola, kulimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi feteleza. Ntchito yake yopanga mpunga imaphatikizapo izi:

(1) Kukwezedwa ndi muzu mu mmera. Brassinolide amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala othandizira kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pogona pabedi kuti mulimbikitse kukula kwa mizu ya Mphete za mpunga.

(2) Kukwezedwa kwa kukula kwa masamba. Brassinolide imatha kupititsa patsogolo magawo a maselo ndi maselo owonjezera a chlorophyll omwe ali ndi masamba, amawonjezera photosynthesis, ndipo amathanso kukula mbewuzo za mpunga ndikuwonjezera zokolola.

(3) Zipatso zokwezeka mu gawo la kubereka. Brassinolide imatha kuwonjezera kumera mungu, kumalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa machubu a mungu, ndikuwongolera udothi, potero kuwonjezeretsa zipatsozi.

(4) Kuyambitsa kupsinjika kukana. Pambuyo polowa m'thupi la mbewu, Brassinolide imatha kuteteza kachitidwe ka nembanemba pa maselo omera, kumapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa michere yazomera, ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta, komanso kupewa matenda.

3. S -BSCISIC acid (S-AB)

S -bscisic acid (s-aba) ndi chomera chomera chomwe chimakhala ndi nkhawa komanso kupsinjika. Ili ndi kuthekera kulimbikitsa kuyamwa koyenera kwa madzi ndi feteleza ndi mbewu ndikuwongolera kagayidwe ka mthupi, kumathandizira kukana kwa mpunga, ndi zilala.

Pakadali pano, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kwa mankhwala ampunga, omwe ali ndi ntchito zomwe zimapangitsa kumera kumera, kukonza mizere ya kumera, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu, kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa madzi, kumalimbikitsa kukula ndi kuthana ndi vuto la mbewu. Kugwiritsa ntchito 0,3-0.4 mg / l ndikudzutsa nthangala kwa maola 24-48 kumalimbikitsa kumera.

4. Sodium nitrofnolates (Atonik)

Sodium Nitronolates (Atonik) imatha kulowa mu thupi la mbewu mutalumikizana ndi mbewu, kulimbikitsa kutuluka kwa cell protoplasm, ndikusintha nyonga ya cell. Kuphukira kumalimbikitsa kumera ndi kuzika mizu, kuthyola matalala, ndipo kumatha kukulitsa mbande zolimba ndikuwongolera mbande pambuyo pa mbande zosemedwa. Imatha kulimbikitsa kagayidwe kakasulidwe atathiridwa masamba. Kupopera mu nthawi ya maluwa kumatha kulepheretsa dontho lamaluwa, kuwonjezera zipatso, kukonza zabwino ndi zokolola.

5. 1-Nafithyl acetic acid (Naa)

1-Nafithyl acetic acid (Naa) ndi othandizira ogulitsa omwe amalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu. Ili ndi ntchito zopititsa patsogolo magawano a maselo ndi kukulitsa, kuyika zipatso zamizu, kuwononga zipatso, kupewetsa kuchuluka kwa maluwa, ndikusintha maluwa a akazi ndi amphongo. Naphthaleneecacert acid akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito zaulimi komanso zamiphika, ndikukula kwa zipatso, ndikuletsa zipatso musanakolole.



6. Choline chloride

Choline chloride ndi chomera chomera chomera chomwe chimatha kuwonjezera kumera kwa mbewu, kupanga mbande zolimba, ndikuwonjezera zipatso.

7. Uniconazole

Uniconazole ndiokhathamiritsa, wowonjezera wokwera kwambiri wokhala ndi bactericidal komanso herbicidal zotsatira. Ndi kaphatikizidwe ka Gibberellin koletsa. Uniconazoleazole ali ndi zotsatira za kukula kwa masamba, ndikuletsa ma cell, kufupikitsa ma cell, kufupikitsa ma cell, kufupikitsa nthonga, kumalimbikitsa kukula kwamera ndi kukula kwa maluwa, komanso kulimbikitsa kupsinjika kwa maluwa. Ndioyenera mpunga, kuchuluka kowonjezereka, kuwongolera kutalika kwa mbewu, ndikuwongolera kukana. Gwiritsani ntchito 50 ~ 200mg / kg nyemba za mpunga. Gwiritsani ntchito 50mg / kg kwa mpunga woyamba, ndi 50 ~ 200mg / makilogalamu a mpunga wosakwatiwa kapena nthawi yopitilira nyengo. Chiwerengero cha voliyumu yambewu kuti madzi amadzimadzi ndi 1: 1.2: 1.5. Zilowererere mbewu za 36 (24-28), ndikusakaniza mbewuyo kamodzi maola 12 kuti muthandizire kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu yunifolomu. Kenako gwiritsani ntchito zochepa kusamba ndi kumera ndikubzala. Itha kukhala ndi mbande zazifupi komanso zamphamvu ndi ma silles angapo.

8. Triacontanol

Triacontanol ndi wowongolera wobzala ndi ntchito zingapo. Zimatengedwa ku Beewwax, wa sera yanthera ndi nzimbe. Triacontanol plaru yopukusira imathandizira kwambiri kukwezedwa kwa chlorophyll. Pambuyo mphindi 4 zamankhwala, kuchuluka kwa ma amino amino acid kumatha kuwonedwa mbande za mpunga. Ili ndi zokolola zabwino zowonjezera pa mpunga, ndikuwonjezeka kwa 10%.

9. Ethephoni

Ethephoni amachita gawo lofunikira pakukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu ndipo amatenga nawo mbali pokonzanso mikono yambiri yazomera, monga kuswa maluwa, ndikulimbikitsa mphesa. Kuthira mbewu za mpunga ndi Ethephoni kungakulitse kutulutsidwa kwa ethylene mu mbande mpunga, kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa mizu, ndikupangitsa kuti mbande, ndikulitsa zokolola, ndi kulimbikitsa mtundu wa mpunga. Nthawi yomweyo, mbiya zokweza ndi ethephoni zimatha kuthetsa mavuto a kuwonongeka kwa oxile ndi kupsinjika kwa osmotic kuwonongeka kwa mpunga, kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ndi chitukuko, ndikusintha mchere wamtundu wa mpunga.

10. Paclobutrazol (paclo)

Paclobutrazol (paclo) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mpunga. Zitha kulepheretsa kaphatikizidwe wa Endotogenous Giberellins mu zomera, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mbande zambiri, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mbande, ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa mbande kupsinjika. Paclobutrazol amatha kulowetsedwa ndi nthangala za mpunga, masamba, ndi mizu, kotero itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuvala mpunga kuti muchepetse kumera; Kupopera pamtundu wam'mera mpunga ndikofunikira kukulitsa mbande zazifupi ndi zolimba; Kupopera pampunga pampunga pansansi yosiyanitsa nthawi kumalimbikitsa kuwonongeka ndi kukana mbewu; Zimalepheretsanso kukula kwa namsongole m'munda wa mmera ndikuchulukitsa mpunga.