Kulimbikitsidwa Kukula kwa Wobzala kubzala ku Peanut
I. Mitundu ikuluikulu ndi ntchito za zomera zomera za kubzala kwa peanut
Pa kumera kwa peanulu, owongolera obzala am'mimba amatha kuthyola mbewu zotsekemera ndikuthandizira kumera kwa radicle pokhazikitsa mahomoni amormone. Oyang'anira ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito:
1. Gibberellic acid (ga₃):
Imalimbikitsa mtunda wamaselo ndikusintha zotheka kumera. Cholinga chake cholimbikitsidwa ndi 50-100 mg / l, ndipo kumera kumatha kuwonjezeka ndi 15% -20% mutadzuka maola 6-8.
2. 1-Nafithyl acetic acid (Naa):
Amalimbikitsa mizu yosiyanitsa mizu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito 10-20 mg / l njira yolumikizira mbewu, ndipo kutalika kwa radicle kungawonjezeko ndi 30% -40%, koma ochulukirachulukira amaletsa kukula kwa mphukira ya Bud.
3. Sodium nitrofnolates (Atonik):
Wowongolera Wowongolera zomwe zili ndi kumera kumera komanso kupsinjika. Kugwedeza mbeu pa 0,3-0.5 mg / l kwa maola 12 amatha kukonza kufanana kwa kumera popitilira 25%.
Ii. MFUNDO YOTHANDIZA KWAULERE KWA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO KULAMBIRA
1. Kuwongolera kolondola: Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kungayambitse mbande. Mwachitsanzo, GiBberellic acid ndende yopitilira 200 mg / l atha kulowetsa kukula kwa embryo.
2. Njira yothandizira:
- kuphatikiza kwa acid acid + 6-ba (5 mg / l) kumatha kulimbikitsa kukula kwa masamba ndi mizu nthawi imodzi;
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera 0,1% calcium chloride mu malo otsika kutentha kuti muthe kuthana ndi kuwonongeka kozizira.
3. Kusintha kwa chilengedwe:
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito 25 ℃ kutentha kosalekeza kuti mubereke masika ofesedwa;
- Nthawi yotentha kwambiri yofesa imayenera kufupikitsa maola 4-6 kupewa kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chachikulu chomwe mbewu zimayambitsa zowola.
Iii. Kusamala ndi njira zina
1.
2. Pambuyo mankhwala, mbewuzo zimayenera kudutsidwa ndi madzi oyera katatu. Okonzanso otsalira amatha kuyika mmera kutuluka.
3. Kwa mbewu zakale, osmotic oyang'anira (monga Peg-6000) iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamba, ndipo ndende iyenera kulamulidwa pa 5% -10%.
Pa kumera kwa peanulu, owongolera obzala am'mimba amatha kuthyola mbewu zotsekemera ndikuthandizira kumera kwa radicle pokhazikitsa mahomoni amormone. Oyang'anira ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito:
1. Gibberellic acid (ga₃):
Imalimbikitsa mtunda wamaselo ndikusintha zotheka kumera. Cholinga chake cholimbikitsidwa ndi 50-100 mg / l, ndipo kumera kumatha kuwonjezeka ndi 15% -20% mutadzuka maola 6-8.
2. 1-Nafithyl acetic acid (Naa):
Amalimbikitsa mizu yosiyanitsa mizu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito 10-20 mg / l njira yolumikizira mbewu, ndipo kutalika kwa radicle kungawonjezeko ndi 30% -40%, koma ochulukirachulukira amaletsa kukula kwa mphukira ya Bud.
3. Sodium nitrofnolates (Atonik):
Wowongolera Wowongolera zomwe zili ndi kumera kumera komanso kupsinjika. Kugwedeza mbeu pa 0,3-0.5 mg / l kwa maola 12 amatha kukonza kufanana kwa kumera popitilira 25%.
Ii. MFUNDO YOTHANDIZA KWAULERE KWA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO KULAMBIRA
1. Kuwongolera kolondola: Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kungayambitse mbande. Mwachitsanzo, GiBberellic acid ndende yopitilira 200 mg / l atha kulowetsa kukula kwa embryo.
2. Njira yothandizira:
- kuphatikiza kwa acid acid + 6-ba (5 mg / l) kumatha kulimbikitsa kukula kwa masamba ndi mizu nthawi imodzi;
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera 0,1% calcium chloride mu malo otsika kutentha kuti muthe kuthana ndi kuwonongeka kozizira.
3. Kusintha kwa chilengedwe:
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito 25 ℃ kutentha kosalekeza kuti mubereke masika ofesedwa;
- Nthawi yotentha kwambiri yofesa imayenera kufupikitsa maola 4-6 kupewa kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chachikulu chomwe mbewu zimayambitsa zowola.
Iii. Kusamala ndi njira zina
1.
2. Pambuyo mankhwala, mbewuzo zimayenera kudutsidwa ndi madzi oyera katatu. Okonzanso otsalira amatha kuyika mmera kutuluka.
3. Kwa mbewu zakale, osmotic oyang'anira (monga Peg-6000) iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamba, ndipo ndende iyenera kulamulidwa pa 5% -10%.
Zolemba zaposachedwa
Nkhani Zowonetsedwa
