Iimbangela kunye neendlela zokuPhuculwa kweNdlela yeediliya zokuQhawuka

Ixesha lokuvuthwa kunye nokutshintsha umbala womdiliya okwintsimi evulekileyo lihambelana nexesha lokuna kwemvula eninzi, ehlala ikhokelela ekuqhekekeni komdiliya. Iimpawu ziquka: ulusu oluqhekekileyo, ukuvuza kwejusi, kunye namanxeba anokuchaphazeleka kwintsholongwane yomngundo kunye nokubola phantsi kokufuma okuphezulu. Oku kutsala izitshabalalisi ezifana nooqongqothwane, iinyosi, iimpukane, kunye nentwala, ezifunxa incindi yejusi, zichaphazele isivuno sediliya kunye nomgangatho, kwaye zithobe ngqo ixabiso lentengiso lomdiliya.

I. Iimbangela zokuqhekeka kweediliya

1. Emva kokuba umdiliya udumbile kwaye ungene kwinqanaba lokutshintsha umbala, ulusu luyayeka ukukhula, ngelixa iiseli ezingaphakathi kwesiqhamo zikhula ngokukhawuleza, zicinezela ulusu lwangaphandle kwaye lubangele ukuba lube lukhuni. Imvula eqhubekayo ngeli xesha ikhokelela ekufunxeni kwamanzi amaninzi ngamaseli, okukhokelela kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwe-turgor kunye nokuqhekeka.

Izihlunu zesikhumba somdiliya zibuthathaka, kwaye amandla aso ayehla njengoko isiqhamo sikhula.

2. Ukunqongophala kwecalcium kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni. I-calcium ithatha inxaxheba ekubunjweni kodonga lweseli ngendlela ye-calcium pectin. Ukunqongophala kweCalcium kuthintela ukubunjwa kodonga lweeseli, kuchaphazela ukwahlukana kweeseli kunye nokuthintela ukwakheka kweeseli ezintsha. Ikwabangela ukuba amagqabi omdiliya azigoqe kwelinye icala, inyuse izinga lokuqhekeka kweziqhamo, icuthe ukuqina kweziqhamo, kwaye yenze isiqhamo singakwazi ukumelana nokuthuthwa nokugcinwa.

3. Ukukhula okunamandla komdiliya kunye nokungena komoya okulambathayo kunye nokungena kancinci, kunye nokunqongophala kwesithungu kunye nokumiswa kweziqhamo, kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kweziqhamo emva kokufakwa kwezixhobo zokwandisa iziqhamo.

4. Ukuxinana okugqithisileyo kwezixhobo zokuvuthwa ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lokutshintsha umbala nako kunokubangela ukuqhekeka kweziqhamo.

II. Amanyathelo okuThintela ukuNcandeka komdiliya

1. Ukulungelelanisa ukufuma komhlaba. nkcenkceshela ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lembalela kwaye uthintele ukuphuphuma kwamanzi emva kwemvula.

2. Ngexesha lokuvuthwa kweziqhamo, landela umgaqo othi "amanani amancinci, ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo" ukuphepha ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nomswakama, okunciphisa izinga lokuphefumula kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo lweziqhamo ze-turgor, ezikhokelela ekuqhekekeni.

3. Emva kokusekwa kweziqhamo, nciphisa izithungu kwaye ulungelelanise umthwalo weziqhamo kwisityalo. Qinisekisa ukuba izithungu azipakishwanga kakhulu ukunciphisa ukuxinana kunye nokuqhekeka kweziqhamo.

4. Yongeza isichumiso se-calcium kulo lonke ixesha lokukhula.

Nika ingqalelo kwibhalansi yezondlo xa usebenzisa isichumisi. Sebenzisa isichumisi esilungeleleneyo kwizigaba zokuqala, kwaye ugxininise kwi-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium fertilizer ngexesha lokwandiswa kweziqhamo. Isichumiso se-chelated calcium singasetyenziswa phambi kokugxumeka isiqhamo kube kanye. Ukuxhaswa kwe-calcium ngexesha ngexesha lokwandiswa kweziqhamo kunokuphucula amandla omthi kunye nokuqina kwesikhumba seziqhamo, ukuthintela ukuqhekeka.

I-calcium izinza iimbumba zeeseli kwaye igcina isakhiwo sodonga lweseli kwizityalo. I-calcium supplementation yomeleza ulusu lweziqhamo, kodwa ayiqinisekisi uthintelo lokuqhekeka; kwandisa kuphela ukuqina kwesikhumba kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokuqhekeka.

5. Xa usebenzisa izinto zokuvuthwa, ziqabe xa i-5%–10% yediliya kwisixa esinye itshintshe umbala. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunconywa ukuba i-Ethephon kunye ne-abscisic acid ingasetyenziswanga yodwa, kodwa kunoko idityaniswe namanye ama-agent.

I-arhente ecetyiswayo: I-Pinsoa (5% yeProhexadione calcium) inganciphisa izinga lokuqhekeka kweziqhamo xa isetyenziswa ngexesha lokwandiswa komdiliya kunye nokutshintsha kombala.