IziCwangciso-qhinga zoLawulo kunye neZindululo zoLawulo lokuKhula kweZityalo kwiNqanaba lokuZilwa kweTapile

Eyona njongo yolawulo ngexesha lokugalelwa kweetapile "kukukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu nokomeleza izithole, ukulawula ukukhula okugqithisileyo kwezityalo ngelixa kuthintelwa izifo, kunye nolungelelwaniso lwenzululwazi ngaphezulu komhlaba naphantsi komhlaba." Ulawulo ngeli nqanaba limisela ngokuthe ngqo inani elilandelayo lee-tubers kunye namandla abo okwandisa. Ngokuhambelana neenzame zakho eziqhubekayo zokwandisa iindlela zokulima, oku kulandelayo kujoliswe, isicwangciso solawulo esisulungekileyo.

I. Amanyathelo oLawulo aPhambili kwiNqanaba leZithombo (Ukususela kwiNqanaba lokuPhuma ukuya kwiNqanaba leRosette; malunga neentsuku ezili-15-20)
Ukophula ifilimu yeMulch ukukhulula izithole + Earthing Up ukugcina ubushushu
Ukulima iplastiki-i-mulched, ifilimu kufuneka iphulwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukukhulula izithombo ezikhulayo, ngaloo ndlela uthintele ukutshisa ukushisa okubangelwa ukushisa okuphezulu phantsi kwefilimu. Emva koko, umhlaba ocolekileyo kufuneka usetyenziswe ukutywina ngokuqinileyo imingxuma kwifilimu ukuphakamisa ubushushu bomhlaba, ukonga ukufuma, kunye nokucinezela ukhula.

I-Inter-tillage kunye nokuThuthukiswa koMhlaba + ukuHlaba ukukhuthaza ukuKhula kweengcambu

Ukusukela ngexesha lokuntshula de izithole ziphuhlise amagqabi okwenene angama-7-8, phinda uhlakulele umhlaba ukuze ukhulule umhlaba, unyuse ubushushu bomhlaba, kwaye ukhuthaze ukukhula kwenkqubo yeengcambu.
Ngokudibana nokudityaniswa kwe-inter-tillage, yenza umjikelo wokuqala womhlaba phezulu (ukukhwela). Yakha ukuphakama kweengqungquthela ukuququzelela ukukhula kwecala le-stolons kunye nokukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwe-tuber.
Ulawulo lwaManzi: Yigcine Kancinane Yomile Kunokuba Imanzi; Thintela ukugcwala kwamanzi
Izithole zifuna amanzi amancinane ngeli xesha; ukugcina ukufuma komhlaba kuma-60% ukuya kuma-70% omthamo wentsimi kwanele. Kwimimandla ethandwa ziimvula ezinkulu zasentlakohlaza, sebenzisa amathuba anelanga ukuze ucoce imisele yamanzi kwaye uthintele ukonakaliswa kwamanzi kwizithole zetapile.

Ukutyalwa okuphezulu ukunyusa ukukhula kwezithole: Chuba ngokusekwe kukuqina kwezithole; Hlanganisa iNitrogen kunye nePotassium

Emva kokuba izithole zihluma ngokufanayo, sebenzisa i-5-6 kg ye-urea kunye ne-5-8 kg ye-potassium sulfate ngehektare nganye ukukhulisa ukukhula kwezithole.
Ukuba ukufakwa kwesichumiso se-basal bekwanele kwaye izithole zibonakala zinamandla, ukugquma okuphezulu kunokungahoywa. Kwizithole ezibuthathaka, sebenzisa i-foliar spray ye-monopotassium phosphate (200 g nge *mu* nganye exutywe nge-60 kg yamanzi) amaxesha angama-1-2.
Uthintelo kwangethuba kunye noLawulo lweZitshabalalisi kunye neZifo

Ukubhubha Kade: Ukuba amaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwe-18°C kwaye ahamba nesibekele okanye yimozulu yemvula, fafaza iMancozeb njengomlinganiselo wothintelo. Ukuba izityalo zesifo esigxininisekile zifunyenwe, zincothule ngoko nangoko kwaye usebenzise isithintelo kunye nonyango. II. IziLawuli zokuKhula kweZityalo ezicetyiswayo kunye neziKhokelo zokuSebenza
UMlawuli wokuKhula kweZityalo: iMonopotassium Phosphate (uMlawuli oSebenzayo)
Imisebenzi ephambili: Izalisa i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium izondlo, iphucula i-photosynthesis, ikhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yeengcambu, kunye nokuphucula ukunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo.

Elona xesha licetyiswayo lokufaka isicelo: Ngexesha lokutyala izithole, ingakumbi kwizithole ezibuthathaka okanye xa iingcambu zikhula kakubi.
Indlela yokufaka isicelo kunye noLumkelo: Fakela ngesitshizi se-foliar usebenzisa isisombululo se-0.3% (xuba ama-200 eegram ngehektare nganye kunye neelitha ezingama-60 zamanzi). Faka isicelo kanye ngeentsuku ezi-7-10, kwi-1-2 yezicelo ezilandelelanayo zizonke.
Sebenzisa ngononophelo kwizithole ezomeleleyo ukuthintela ukukhula okugqithisileyo kwezityalo (i-etiolation).

UMlawuli wokuKhula kweZityalo: Paclobutrazol (Paclo)
Imisebenzi ePhambili:I-Paclobutrazol inqanda ukukhula okugqithisileyo kwezityalo (isiqu kunye nobude beqabunga), ikhuthaza ukuhanjiswa kwezondlo kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba, kwaye ikhonza ukulawula ukukhula okunamandla ngelixa ivuselela ukubunjwa kwe-tuber.
Ixesha eliCetywayo eliCetywayo:Ukususela kwibakala lokuqala lokuntshula ukuya kutsho kwinqanaba lokuqala lokudubula kweentyatyambo (kuthathelwa ingqalelo "ixesha legolide" lokulawula ukukhula ngamandla).

Indlela yokuSebenza kunye nokuQapha: Xuba i-40-60 grams ye-15% ye-Paclobutrazol ye-Wettable Powder nge-acre yamanzi kwaye usebenzise njenge-spray; Gxininisa isicelo ngokukodwa kwiindawo zokukhula kwe-apical.
Qaphela: Ungafaki kwangoko kakhulu, kuba oku kunokuthintela ukukhula kwezityalo okuqhelekileyo.


UMlawuli wokuKhula kweZityalo: iMepiquat Chloride
Imisebenzi ephambili: I-Mepiquat Chloride ilawula i-hormone yezityalo ezingapheliyo, icinezela ubukhosi be-apical, kwaye inceda ukukhusela indawo yokulala (i-stem collapse).

Ixesha elicetyiswayo lokufaka isicelo: Xa umkhwa wokukhula ngokugqithisileyo kwezityalo ujongwa phambi kwenqanaba lokuntshula.
Indlela yokufaka isicelo kunye nezilumkiso: Xuba i-20 mL ye-250 g/L yeMepiquat Chloride Aqueous Solution kunye ne-20 kg yamanzi ngehektare nganye, kwaye usebenzise ngokulinganayo njengesitshizi.

UMlawuli wokuKhula kweZityalo: Brassinolide
Imisebenzi ephambili: I-Brassinolide iphucula ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo, inciphisa imiphumo yoxinzelelo lobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye ikhuthaza ukuhlukana kweeseli.
Ixesha elicetyiswayo lokufaka isicelo: Phambi okanye emva kwengqele, okanye ngexesha lokubuyisela izithole ezibuthathaka.

Indlela yokufaka isicelo kunye nokuQapha: Faka i-10 mL ye-0.01% ye-Brassinolide Aqueous Solution nge-acre njengesitshizi se-foliar; inokuxutywa neMonopotassium Phosphate ukunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle.