I-Bio Stimulants - Isixazululo Esisebenzayo Sokuxineka Kwabangeziwe Nokuvunyelwa Kwezitshalo Ezithuthukisiwe

Ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu okuqhubekayo, isimo sezulu kanye nezinkathi sezikhathi sezize zibe zingalindeki, zivame ukuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezitshalo. Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi ama-60% kuya kwayi-80% wokulahleka kwezitshalo okubangelwa ukucindezelwa kwe-Abiotic; Izithelo zezilimo ziphezulu eminyakeni emihle yesimo sezulu futhi ziphansi eminyakeni yesimo sezulu esingesihle. Ama-bio-izivuseleli angabhekana nalezi zinkinga zengcindezi ye-Abiotic.

1. Ama-bio-stimulants
Ama-bio-ama-stimulants ayisigaba sezinto kanye noma ama-microorganisms ukuthi, lapho asetshenziswa ekutshaleni amaqabunga noma izimpande, athuthukise ukukhishwa kwezakhi zomzimba, ukubekezelela ukubekezelela kwengcindezi, kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Imiphumela yabo ayimele ngokuqukethwe kwabo kwezakhi.

Njengamanje, ama-bio-stimulants aqashelwe emhlabeni jikelele awela ezigabeni ezine eziphambili: Ama-exteracts asuselwa ku-ALGAA (ALGAAE kanye nezitshalo), amaprotheni ama-microbial, amaprotheni, ama-polypledes, nama-acid amahhala, nama-audic anzulu kanye ne-fulvic. Ezinye izinhlangano zihlanganisa iChitosan namaminerali.

Lezi zivuseleli ze-bio ze-bio zinezinhlelo zokusebenza ezintathu eziphambili, ngokuya ngemiphumela yazo ethile kanye nezinqubo: isifutho sefoliar, ukwelashwa kwembewu, noma uhlelo lokusebenza lomhlabathi.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-bio-stimulants awazitshalo abalawuli abakhulayo nama-pesticides, futhi akayona umanyolo. Abakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni ngokuphelele abalawuli bokukhula kwezitshalo, ama-pesticides, noma umanyolo; Bayinto ethile phakathi:

Azibona abalawuli bokukhula kwezitshalo, kepha bangakwazi ukunxenxa lesi sitshalo ukuthi bakhiqize ama-hormone ama-endocous, bathuthukise ukumelana kwaso;

Akuwona ama-fungicides, kepha bangakhangela ukumelana kwezitshalo ezifweni fungal, bacterial, kanye negciwane;

Akuwona umanyolo, kepha bangathuthukisa kakhulu ukumuncwa kanye nokusetshenziswa komanyolo yizilimo, okuholela ekutheni kube sezingeni eliphakeme kanye nekhwalithi engcono.

Lesi yisici esivelele kunazo zonke se-bio-stimulants.

2. Kusetshenziswa ama-bio-stimulants

Ama-bio-izivuseleli angabhekana nezinkinga zokuxineka kwe-Abiotic ukuthi ama-pesticides kanye nomanyolo angeke akwazi ukukuxazulula. Ngakho-ke, zingasetshenziswa kanjani kahle nangendlela efanele?

Besilokhu sigcizelela njalo ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo kufanele kugxile ekuvinjelweni, ekuguqukeni kusuka ekusebenzeni ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo. Okufanayo kusebenza kuma-bio-stimulants. Singahlukanisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-bio-izivuseleli ezigabeni ezintathu: ukuvikela, ukwelashwa okusebenzayo, kanye nokwelashwa okwelapha. (1) Ngaphambi kokuthi kwenzeke ukucindezelwa kwe-EBIOT (ukuvikela
(2) Ngesikhathi sokuvela kwengcindezi ye-Abiotic (esebenzayo
(3) Ngemuva kokuthi kwenzeke ukucindezelwa kwe-EBIOT

Umgomo wokugcina ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezakhi zomsophi kanye nokubekezelela ingcindezi ngokufaka izinguquko ezifuywayo ezitshalweni noma ekuthuthukiseni imvelo ye-rhizosphere, ngaleyo ndlela uqinise izilimo futhi uzenze ukuba zikwazi ukumelana kangcono nengcindezi ye-Abiotic. Le ndlela futhi ihlose ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-pesticides amakhemikhali kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi bezinsalela zokubulala izinambuzane.


2.1 Ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuxineka kwe-EBIOIC - Izigaba Zokuvimbela Nokuphendula

(1) ukwelashwa kwembewu

Ukugcotshwa kukakolweni kanye nembewu yommbila ku-0,1 ml l kanye ne-1.5 ml l Isixazululo se-biostimulant, ngokulandelana, okuholele ekulinganisweni kwezinga lokuhluma nokufana.

(2) Isicelo esisebenziseka kuqala kanye nokwelashwa kwenhlabathi

Ukudonsa ngenkasa nge-biostimulant kwasetshenziswa kuKeliflower izinsuku ezingama-21 ngemuva kokufakelwa. Ekuvuneni, imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi ukholifulawa olwaphethwe nge-biostimulant wayenohlelo oluthuthukile lwezimpande, isivuno esiphakeme, ngokwenyuka kwesivuno esilinganiselwe samahektha ayi-1.15 ngehektha ayi-16- 35.

Ukufaka isicelo se-biostimulant ekugxiliseni kuka-0, 6, 12, kanye nama-25 kg hm to amazambane ngesikhathi sokucindezela kweqabunga elibambezelekile kanye nosayizi we-tuber othuthukile; Ukuhlushwa okungu-25 kg hm² kwenziwe kangcono.

Ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwezicelo ezimbili ze-biostimulant, izitshalo zebhanana zikhombisa ukukhula okungcono kakhulu kuqhathaniswa neqembu elilawulayo.

(3) Ukufafaza kwe-foliar

Izitshalo zamazambane zifafazwe nge-4.5 l hm² of biostimulant ezinsukwini ezi-5 ngaphambi kwengcindezi ebandayo. Izitshalo zabhekana nezinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-60 zokuxineka okubandayo (kufaka phakathi imicimbi yesithwathwa engu-6, ngokushisa okuncane kuka-3.6 ° C). Ekuvuneni, amazambane aphethwe ngamabhomu akhombisa isivuno esiphakeme, usayizi omkhulu we-tuber, kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa eziningi.

Isiphetho: Ukuthi kusetshenziswe ukwelashwa kwembewu, isicelo senhlabathi, noma ukufafaza kwenhlabathi, izibalo ze-foliaar zinganciphisa ukulimala kwezitshalo, zisheshise ukululama, futhi zinciphise ukulahleka kwezithelo ngesikhathi sokuxineka.

2.2 Ngemuva kokuthi kwenzeke ukucindezelwa kwe-EBIOTIC - I-Treatment Stage

Ngemuva kokulimala kwesichotho ezitshalweni zommbila ezikhula enhlabathini yasawoti, isicelo se-foliar se-3 l ha of biostimulant kusetshenziswe ngesandla. Ekuvuneni, kulinganiswe ngesivuno: Uma kuqhathaniswa nokulawulwa, ummbila ophathwayo we-biostimulant wawunezindlebe eziphakeme (ama-23% izindlebe eziningi ngesitshalo ngasinye) nesivuno esiphakeme esithengisayo.

Ngesikhathi sesomiso esinzima eYurophu, izitshalo zamazambane emapulazini ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokunisela ezihlushwa ukucindezelwa kwesomiso. Izicelo ezintathu ze-Foliar ze-3 l ha of biestimulant tepy yezempilo ethuthukisiwe, okuholele ekuvuneni okuphezulu ekuvuneni.

Lezi zivivinyo zibonisa ukuthi abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukunciphisa ngempumelelo umthelela wokucindezela kwe-Abiotic ezitshalweni. Ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo kwemininingwane ebanzi kukhombisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa izibalo ze-biostimulant ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuvimbela (ngaphambi kokuxineka kwe-EBIOT) kwandisa isivuno sesitshalo ngo-17%, kuqhathaniswa ne-11% ngesikhathi se-stress semcimbi.

Ngakho-ke, isiphetho siwukuthi ukusebenzisa izibalo zemvelo ngaphambi kokuxineka kwe-EBIOT (njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela) kusebenza kakhulu. Lokhu kwandisa izinzuzo zezinto ezibabazekayo futhi kunciphisa umthelela omubi wokuxineka kwengcindezi ye-EBIOTIC ngesivuno sesivuno.

Ukuhlolwa kukakolweni nakho kwaqinisekisa lesi siphetho. Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lokulawula, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-biostimulant njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela isilinganiso sanda ngesivuno sikakolweni ngo-12,8%, ngenkathi uhlelo lokusebenza ngemuva komcimbi wokucindezela ukhuphuke kuphela isivuno esingu-7.3%.