Umehluko emiphumeleni yezitshalo ezihlukile zokukhula kwezitshalo

Ukukhula kokukhula kwezitshalo kubalulekile kwinqubo yokutshala izivumo. Ngokulawula ukukhula kwemifino nokukhula kokuzala kwezilimo, ikhwalithi engcono nesivuno esiphakeme singatholakala. Ukukhula kokukhula kwezitshalo kuvame ukufaka i-paclobutrazol, i-clofosbuvir, i-chequiquat, i-chlorequat, njll. Njengohlobo olusha lokukhula kwesitshalo, futhi inani lokubhalisa liye lathola ukunakwa okugcwele kakhulu emakethe, futhi inani lokubhalisa libuye landa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, yini umehluko phakathi kwe-paclobutrazol, i-clofosbuvir, i-chloret, i-chlorequat, kanye ne-pronfescAdione calcium ezinhlelweni zemakethe? Umbhali uzokwethula kini ngamunye ngamunye!


(1) I-ProcsecAdione Calcium: Luhlobo olusha lokukhula kokukhula kwesitshalo.

Izici zayo ezejwayelekile zesenzo yilezi: Ingavimbela i-GA1 eGibberellic Acid (GA3), yafushanisa ukugcwala kweziqu zezitshalo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kulawule ukugcwala kwezitshalo. Ngasikhathi sinye, akunamthelela ku-GA4 olawula ukukhiqizwa kwezimbali zezimbali nokuthuthuka okusanhlamvu.

I-SurfecsexaDione Calcium yethulwa eJapan ngonyaka we-1994. Kungumlawuli omusha wokukhula wesitshalo owakhiwa yi-Kuibo Chegidator ethuthukiswe yizimboni ze-Kuibo Chemical Industries, Ltd. Ukutholwa kwe-Procsexadione Calcium kwehlukile ekukhuleni kokukhula kwezitshalo okunjenge-quaternary armoradary usawoti (i-chlormequat chloride, i-mepiquat chloride) kanye ne-triazoles (paclobutrazol, i-uniconazole). Kuvule insimu entsha yokuvinjwa sekwephuzile kweGibberLin Biosynthesis.

Kusetshenziswe ukuhweba futhi kusetshenziswe kabanzi eYurophu naseMelika. Njengamanje, i-ProcsecAdione calcium idonsele ukunakwa okubanzi ezinkampanini ezifuywayo. Isizathu esiyinhloko esiqhathaniswa ne-Triazole Retardants, i-Sucserxadione Calcium ayinabuthi abasele ezitshalweni ezijikelezayo futhi akukho ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, okuyinzuzo enamandla. Ngokuzayo, kungathatha isikhundla sokukhula kokukhula kwe-triazole futhi kunamathemba wohlelo lokusebenza olubanzi ezinkambeni, izihlahla zezithelo, izimbali, izinto zokwelapha amaShayina kanye nezitshalo zezomnotho.

(2) I-Paclobutrazol:
I-inhibitor ye-endogenous gibberellic acid ezitshalweni. Inemiphumela yokugqekeza kokukhula kwesitshalo, ivimbela ukuqina kwesiqu, ama-internodes, ukukhuthaza ukumelana, ukukhulisa ukumelana kwezitshalo, ukukhuthaza umehluko wokuphazamiseka kwezitshalo, kanye nokwandisa isivuno. I-Paclobutrazol ilungele izilimo ezinjengelayisi, ukolweni, amantongomane, izihlahla zezithelo, ama-soya, kanye nomthelela omkhulu ekulawuleni ukukhula ngokweqile.

Imiphumela emibi yePaclobutrazol: Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungadala izitshalo ezihlanzekile, amaqabunga adonsayo, izimbali ezihlasimuli, ukuncipha kwamaqabunga amadala esisezingeni eliphakeme, kudale ukulimala kwezithombo ezilandelayo, okuholela ngaphandle kwezithombo, kuholele ukulimala kwezithombo eziphansi, izithombo zokukhubazeka nezinye izimpawu.

(3) I-Uniconazole:
Kuyinto ne-inhibitor yeGibbellin. Inemisebenzi yokulawula ukukhula kwemifino, ukunciphisa ama-internodes, izitshalo ezinciphayo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kokukhula kwe-lateral kanye nokwehluka kwezimbali, nokwenza ngcono ukumelana kwengcindezi. Njengoba i-Uniconazole inesibopho se-carbon kabili, umsebenzi wayo wokuphilayo kanye nemithi yezokwelapha inezikhathi ezi-6 kuya kwezingu-4 eziphakeme nge-paclobutrazol ngokulandelana, futhi umthelela wayo opholile kunesilimo esilandelayo kuphela, futhi umthelela wawo esilimo esilandelayo kuphela u-1 5 wePaclobutrazol.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Uniconazole: umthamo owedlulele ingadala ukulimala kwezitshalo, njengokushiswa, ukubuna, ukukhula okungekuhle, ukwehla kwamaqabunga, ukwehla kwamaqabunga, ukwehla kwezimbali, ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwayo esiteji sesithombo semifino lungathinta ukukhula kwezithombo. Kunobuthi futhi ekudonseni izinhlanzi futhi akufanelekile ukusetshenziswa kumachibi ezinhlanzi namanye amapulazi ezilwane zasemanzini.


(4) I-Mepiquat Chloride:
Kuyinto inhibitor of gibbereellins. Kungakhulisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-chlorophyll futhi kuqinise izitshalo. Kungadonswa ngamaqabunga nezimpande zezitshalo futhi kudluliselwe kuzo zonke izitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbela ukugcwala kwamaselula nokubusa okungokomoya. Kunganciphisa futhi ama-intervinter futhi kwenze lesi sitshalo sihlangene. Kungabambezela ukukhula kwezitshalo kwezitshalo, kuvikele ukukhula ngokweqile, futhi kubambezele ukuvalwa komugqa. I-Mepiquat Chloride ingathuthukisa ukuqina kwama-membrane weseli futhi andise ukumelana kwesitshalo. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-paclobutrazol ne-uniconazole, kuyamangaza futhi kungacasuli, ngokuphepha okuphezulu. Ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zesitshalo, ngisho nangesikhathi sezithombo zezithombo nezimbali lapho izilimo zizwela kakhulu ezidakamizweni, futhi empeleni azinamiphumela emibi emibi.

(5) I-Chlorequat Chloride:Ifinyelela umphumela wokulawula ukukhula ngokweqile ngokuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kweGibbellin e-endoGenous. I-Chlorequat Chloride inomthelela wokulawula ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, ukulinganisa ukukhula kwemifino nokukhula kokuzala, ukuthuthukisa impova kanye nezinga lokuhlelwa kwezithelo, kanye nokwandisa ukulungiswa okusebenzayo. Ukubambezeleka kwemiphumela imiphumela emincane ezitshalweni ezifingqiwe, iziqu ezinkulu, kanye nama-internome amafushane.

Ngokungafani ne-paclobutrazol ne-mepiquat chloride, i-paclobutrazol imvamisa isetshenziswa ngesikhathi sesithombo kanye nezigaba ezintsha zokuhluma, futhi iyasebenza kumantongomane, kepha ngokuvamile isebenza kangako ezitshalweni zasekwindla nasebusika. I-Chlorequat Chloride isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ngesikhathi sezimbali eziqhakazayo nezithelo, futhi imvamisa isetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezinesikhathi esifushane sokukhula. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kwe-chlormequat chloride kuvame ukudala ukushwabana kwezithelo, futhi kunzima ukulimala. I-Mepiquat Chloride imnene ngokwengeziwe, futhi umonakalo ungadilizwa ngokufafaza iGibberlins noma ukuchelela ukwandisa ukuzala.