Umehluko wePaclobutrazol, Uniconazole, Chlormequat Chloride, neMepiquat chloride
Ukukhula ngamandla kwezitshalo kunomthelela omkhulu ekukhuleni kwezitshalo. Izitshalo ezikhula isikhathi eside zineziqu namaqabunga amasha, amaqabunga amancanyana namakhulu, amaqabunga aphaphatheka, nezitshalo eziminyene, okuholela ekungeneni komoya okuncane nokudluliswa kancane, umswakama owedlulele, ukunciphisa ukumelana nezifo, nokuthambekela ezifweni; ngenxa yokukhula kwezitshalo ngokweqile, kakhulu. izakhamzimba zigxila ekuhlinzekeni ukukhula kweziqu namaqabunga, okuholela ekuqhakazeni okuncane kanye nokuwa kwezithelo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokukhula okunamandla, izitshalo ziyahaha futhi zikhula sekwephuzile. Okubi nakakhulu ukuthi izitshalo zezitshalo ezinamandla zinama-internode amade, iziqu ezincane, ukuqina okungahambi kahle kanye nokunwebeka.Zizowa lapho zihlangana nomoya onamandla, ongagcini nje ukunciphisa ngokuqondile isivuno, kodwa futhi wenze ukuvuna kube nzima futhi kwandisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Izilawuli ezine zokukhula kwezitshalo, i-Paclobutrazol, i-Uniconazole, i-Chlormequat Chloride, ne-Mepiquat chloride, zonke zilawula ukukhula kwezitshalo ngesikhathi esifushane ngokuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Gibberellic acid ezitshalweni.Ivimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo kwezitshalo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula, ivimbele izitshalo ekukhuleni ngamandla futhi imilenze, izitshalo ezincane, ifinyeza ama-internode, ithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka, njll., yenza izitshalo zibe nezimbali eziningi, amathila, nezithelo, ikhulise okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll, futhi ithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka.Thuthukisa i-photosynthesis, ngaleyo ndlela ulawule ukukhula nokwandisa isivuno.
I-Paclobutrazol ingasetshenziswa kakhulu ezitshalweni eziningi zasensimini nasezitshalweni zentengiso, okufana nerayisi, ukolweni, ummbila, ukudlwengula, ubhontshisi wesoya, ukotini, amakinati, amazambane, i-apula, amawolintshi, ucherry, umango, i-lychee, ipentshisi, ipheya, ugwayi, njll. Phakathi kwazo, izitshalo zasemasimini nezitshalo zentengiso zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufafaza. esigabeni sezithombo nangaphambi nangemuva kwesigaba sokuqhakaza. Izihlahla zezithelo zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula isimo somqhele futhi zivimbele ukukhula okusha. Kungaba isifutho, ukushaywa noma ukuchelela.
Kunomthelela omkhulu kakhulu ezitshalweni ze-rapeseed kanye nerayisi.
Izici:
ububanzi bohlelo lokusebenza, umphumela omuhle wokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kahle okude, nomsebenzi omuhle webhayoloji. Kodwa-ke, kulula ukubangela izinsalela zomhlabathi, okuzophazamisa ukukhula kwesitshalo esilandelayo, futhi akufanelekile ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo isikhathi eside. Ezindaweni lapho kusetshenziswa i-Paclobutrazol, kungcono kakhulu ukulima umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo esilandelayo.
I-Uniconazole ngokuvamile iyafana ne-paclobutrazole ekusetshenzisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwayo.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Paclobutrazol, i-Uniconazole inomphumela oqinile wokulawula kanye nokubulala inzalo ezitshalweni futhi iphephile ukuyisebenzisa.
Izici:
Ukusebenza okuqinile, izinsalela eziphansi, kanye nesici sokuphepha esiphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuthi i-Uniconazole inamandla kakhulu, ayifanele ukusetshenziswa esigabeni sezithombo semifino eminingi (i-Mepiquat chloride ingasetshenziswa), futhi ingathinta kalula ukukhula kwezithombo.
I-Chlormequat Chloride iyisilawuli sokukhula kwezitshalo zikasawoti we-quaternary ammonium.Isetshenziswa kakhulu esigabeni sezithombo njengePaclobutrazol. Umehluko ukuthi iChlormequat Chloride isetshenziswa kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqhakaza nezokuthela, futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezinesikhathi esifushane sokukhula.
I-Chlormequat Chloride iyisilawuli sokukhula kwesitshalo esinobuthi obuphansi esingangena ezitshalweni ngamahlamvu, amagatsha, imiqumbe, izimpande, nembewu, sivimbele i-biosynthesis ye-Gibberellic acid ezitshalweni.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko wokuphila ukulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kokuzala, ukufinyeza ama-internode esitshalo, ukwenza isitshalo sibe mfushane, siqine, siwugqinsi, sibe nesimiso sezimpande esithuthuke kahle, simelane nendawo yokulala, sibe namaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama, sikhulise okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll, ithuthukisa i-photosynthesis, ikhulise izinga lokumiswa kwezithelo, futhi ingathuthukisa ikhwalithi kanye nesivuno; ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungase futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nesomiso, ukumelana nosawoti-alkali, izifo nokumelana nezinambuzane nokunye ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwezinye izitshalo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Paclobutrazol ne-Uniconazole, i-Mepiquat chloride inezindawo zokwelapha ezithambile,isici sokuphepha esiphezulu, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa. Ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zezitshalo futhi empeleni ayikho imiphumela emibi. Nokho, ukusebenza kwayo kufushane futhi kubuthakathaka, futhi umphumela wayo ekulawuleni ukukhula ngokweqile mubi kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi kulezo zitshalo ezikhula ngamandla, zidinga ukusetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi ukulawula ukukhula.
I-Mepiquat chloride iwuhlobo olusha lokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Paclobutrazol ne-Uniconazole, imnene, ayicasuli futhi inokuphepha okuphezulu.
I-Mepiquat chloride ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zezitshalo, ngisho nasezigabeni zezithombo nezimbali lapho izitshalo zizwela kakhulu izidakamizwa. I-Mepiquat chloride ngokuyisisekelo ayinayo imiphumela emibi futhi ayithambekele ekubeni ne-phytotoxicity. Kungashiwo ukuthi iyona ephephe kunazo zonke emakethe.
Izici:
I-Mepiquat chloride inesici sokuphepha esiphezulu kanye nempilo yeshelufu ebanzi. Kodwa-ke, nakuba inomphumela wokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kwayo kufushane futhi kubuthakathaka, futhi umphumela wayo wokulawula uphansi kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi kulezo zitshalo ezikhula ngamandla, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka. Sebenzisa izikhathi eziningi ukuze uthole imiphumela oyifunayo.
I-Paclobutrazol ivame ukusetshenziswa ezigabeni zezithombo kanye nehlumela, futhi ilungele amantongomane, kodwa inomphumela omaphakathi ezitshalweni zasekwindla nasebusika; I-Chlormequat Chloride isetshenziswa kakhulu phakathi nezigaba zokuqhakaza nezokuthela, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezinesikhathi esifushane sokukhula, i-Mepiquat chloride ithambile, futhi ngemuva kokulimala, i-Brassinolide ingafafazwa noma inisele ukuze kwandiswe inzalo ukudambisa inkinga.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokukhula okunamandla, izitshalo ziyahaha futhi zikhula sekwephuzile. Okubi nakakhulu ukuthi izitshalo zezitshalo ezinamandla zinama-internode amade, iziqu ezincane, ukuqina okungahambi kahle kanye nokunwebeka.Zizowa lapho zihlangana nomoya onamandla, ongagcini nje ukunciphisa ngokuqondile isivuno, kodwa futhi wenze ukuvuna kube nzima futhi kwandisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Izilawuli ezine zokukhula kwezitshalo, i-Paclobutrazol, i-Uniconazole, i-Chlormequat Chloride, ne-Mepiquat chloride, zonke zilawula ukukhula kwezitshalo ngesikhathi esifushane ngokuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Gibberellic acid ezitshalweni.Ivimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo kwezitshalo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula, ivimbele izitshalo ekukhuleni ngamandla futhi imilenze, izitshalo ezincane, ifinyeza ama-internode, ithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka, njll., yenza izitshalo zibe nezimbali eziningi, amathila, nezithelo, ikhulise okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll, futhi ithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka.Thuthukisa i-photosynthesis, ngaleyo ndlela ulawule ukukhula nokwandisa isivuno.
I-Paclobutrazol ingasetshenziswa kakhulu ezitshalweni eziningi zasensimini nasezitshalweni zentengiso, okufana nerayisi, ukolweni, ummbila, ukudlwengula, ubhontshisi wesoya, ukotini, amakinati, amazambane, i-apula, amawolintshi, ucherry, umango, i-lychee, ipentshisi, ipheya, ugwayi, njll. Phakathi kwazo, izitshalo zasemasimini nezitshalo zentengiso zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufafaza. esigabeni sezithombo nangaphambi nangemuva kwesigaba sokuqhakaza. Izihlahla zezithelo zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula isimo somqhele futhi zivimbele ukukhula okusha. Kungaba isifutho, ukushaywa noma ukuchelela.
Kunomthelela omkhulu kakhulu ezitshalweni ze-rapeseed kanye nerayisi.
Izici:
ububanzi bohlelo lokusebenza, umphumela omuhle wokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kahle okude, nomsebenzi omuhle webhayoloji. Kodwa-ke, kulula ukubangela izinsalela zomhlabathi, okuzophazamisa ukukhula kwesitshalo esilandelayo, futhi akufanelekile ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo isikhathi eside. Ezindaweni lapho kusetshenziswa i-Paclobutrazol, kungcono kakhulu ukulima umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo esilandelayo.
I-Uniconazole ngokuvamile iyafana ne-paclobutrazole ekusetshenzisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwayo.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Paclobutrazol, i-Uniconazole inomphumela oqinile wokulawula kanye nokubulala inzalo ezitshalweni futhi iphephile ukuyisebenzisa.
Izici:
Ukusebenza okuqinile, izinsalela eziphansi, kanye nesici sokuphepha esiphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuthi i-Uniconazole inamandla kakhulu, ayifanele ukusetshenziswa esigabeni sezithombo semifino eminingi (i-Mepiquat chloride ingasetshenziswa), futhi ingathinta kalula ukukhula kwezithombo.
I-Chlormequat Chloride iyisilawuli sokukhula kwezitshalo zikasawoti we-quaternary ammonium.Isetshenziswa kakhulu esigabeni sezithombo njengePaclobutrazol. Umehluko ukuthi iChlormequat Chloride isetshenziswa kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqhakaza nezokuthela, futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezinesikhathi esifushane sokukhula.
I-Chlormequat Chloride iyisilawuli sokukhula kwesitshalo esinobuthi obuphansi esingangena ezitshalweni ngamahlamvu, amagatsha, imiqumbe, izimpande, nembewu, sivimbele i-biosynthesis ye-Gibberellic acid ezitshalweni.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko wokuphila ukulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kokuzala, ukufinyeza ama-internode esitshalo, ukwenza isitshalo sibe mfushane, siqine, siwugqinsi, sibe nesimiso sezimpande esithuthuke kahle, simelane nendawo yokulala, sibe namaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama, sikhulise okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll, ithuthukisa i-photosynthesis, ikhulise izinga lokumiswa kwezithelo, futhi ingathuthukisa ikhwalithi kanye nesivuno; ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungase futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nesomiso, ukumelana nosawoti-alkali, izifo nokumelana nezinambuzane nokunye ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwezinye izitshalo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Paclobutrazol ne-Uniconazole, i-Mepiquat chloride inezindawo zokwelapha ezithambile,isici sokuphepha esiphezulu, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa. Ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zezitshalo futhi empeleni ayikho imiphumela emibi. Nokho, ukusebenza kwayo kufushane futhi kubuthakathaka, futhi umphumela wayo ekulawuleni ukukhula ngokweqile mubi kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi kulezo zitshalo ezikhula ngamandla, zidinga ukusetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi ukulawula ukukhula.
I-Mepiquat chloride iwuhlobo olusha lokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Paclobutrazol ne-Uniconazole, imnene, ayicasuli futhi inokuphepha okuphezulu.
I-Mepiquat chloride ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zezitshalo, ngisho nasezigabeni zezithombo nezimbali lapho izitshalo zizwela kakhulu izidakamizwa. I-Mepiquat chloride ngokuyisisekelo ayinayo imiphumela emibi futhi ayithambekele ekubeni ne-phytotoxicity. Kungashiwo ukuthi iyona ephephe kunazo zonke emakethe.
Izici:
I-Mepiquat chloride inesici sokuphepha esiphezulu kanye nempilo yeshelufu ebanzi. Kodwa-ke, nakuba inomphumela wokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kwayo kufushane futhi kubuthakathaka, futhi umphumela wayo wokulawula uphansi kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi kulezo zitshalo ezikhula ngamandla, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka. Sebenzisa izikhathi eziningi ukuze uthole imiphumela oyifunayo.
I-Paclobutrazol ivame ukusetshenziswa ezigabeni zezithombo kanye nehlumela, futhi ilungele amantongomane, kodwa inomphumela omaphakathi ezitshalweni zasekwindla nasebusika; I-Chlormequat Chloride isetshenziswa kakhulu phakathi nezigaba zokuqhakaza nezokuthela, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezinesikhathi esifushane sokukhula, i-Mepiquat chloride ithambile, futhi ngemuva kokulimala, i-Brassinolide ingafafazwa noma inisele ukuze kwandiswe inzalo ukudambisa inkinga.
