Gushyira mu bikorwa ibimera bikura ku mbuto-Imizabibu
Gushyira mu bikorwa ibimera bikura ku mbuto-Imizabibu
1) Imizi ikura
KoreshaUmwami
--Iyo gutera ingemwe, 8-10g zishonga mumazi ya 3-6L, shyira ingemwe muminota 5 cyangwa uringanize imizi kugeza utonyanga, hanyuma uhindurwe;
- nyuma yo guhindurwa, 8-10g yashonga mumazi 10-15L kugirango atere;
--ku biti byabantu bakuru, iki gicuruzwa gishobora gukoreshwa wenyine cyangwa kivanze nandi mafumbire, 500g / 667㎡ iyo. kuvomera umurima, inshuro 1-2 muri buri gihembwe.
2) Kubuza gukura kurasa
Mu ntangiriro yo gukura neza kumashami mashya, mbere yindabyo, gutera 100 ~ 500mg / L yimiti yamazi yagize ingaruka zikomeye zo kubuza imikurire mishya yinzabibu, kandi ubwiyongere rusange bwagabanutseho 1 / / 3 ~ 2 / 3 ugereranije no kugenzura. Twabibutsa ko ingaruka za spray kumashami yinzabibu yiyongereye hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi, ariko mugihe intumbero yari hejuru ya 1000mg / L, inkombe yamababi yahinduka icyatsi n'umuhondo;
Iyo kwibanda kurenze 3000mg / L, ibyangiritse byigihe kirekire ntabwo byoroshye gukira. Kubwibyo, birakenewe kugenzura ubunini bwinzabibu. Ingaruka yo kugenzura imikoreshereze yumuringa ntabwo ihuye nubwoko bwinzabibu, bityo rero birakenewe kumenya neza uburyo bwo kugenzura imiringa ikwiranye nubwoko bwaho hamwe nibidukikije.
Ubutaka bwa Dotrazole:
Mbere yo kumera, 6 ~ 10g ya 15% ya dotrazole yakoreshejwe kuri buri muzabibu (ibicuruzwa byiza byari 0.9 ~ 1.5g). Nyuma yo kuyikoresha, koresha ubutaka kugirango imiti igabanuke neza mubutaka bwa 375px. Uburebure bwa internode ntabwo bwabujijwe kuva ku gice 1 kugeza kuri 4 nyuma yo gusaba, kandi uburebure bwa internode bwabaye bugufi cyane nyuma yibice 4. Ugereranije nitsinda rishinzwe kugenzura, kurasa kwumwaka wa 6g byari 67%, 8g byari 60%, na 10g byari 52%.
Gutera amababi: Byakoreshejwe rimwe mu cyumweru nyuma yo kurabyo, hamwe nigipimo cyiza cya 1000-2000mg / L. Ubwiyongere bw'umwaka buri mwaka bwari hafi 60-2000px gusa, bingana na 60% by'ubugenzuzi, kandi imikurire y'indabyo mu mwaka wa kabiri yikubye inshuro 1,6-1,78 z'ubugenzuzi. Imiti ya Foliar igomba gukoreshwa mugihe cyambere cyo gukura gushya (muri rusange kumpera yindabyo), kandi bitinze kugirango ibuze imikurire mishya ntabwo bigaragara.
3) kuzamura igipimo cyo gushiraho imbuto
Igipimo cyo gushiraho imbuto kirashobora kwiyongera mugutera inshuro 10 ~ 15mg / L amazi 1 ~ 2 mugihe cyo gutangira kurabyo.Ku munsi wa 6 nyuma yo kumera, inzabibu zishobora guterwa 0.01mg / L brassinolide ~ 481 kunoza igipimo cyo gushiraho imbuto.
Kwibanda kwacytokininmu buhinzi bwa pariki ni 5mg / L ~ 10mg / L, naho kwibumbira hamwe guhinga kumurima ni 2mg / L ~ 5mg / L byatewe no kuvura imitoma, bishobora kwirinda indabyo kugwa, nagibberellinkuvura mubikorwa byo kubyara bikorwa nkuko bisanzwe.
Iyo amashami yari afite uburebure bwa 15 ~ 1000px, gutera 500mg / L ya Meizhoun bishobora guteza imbere gutandukanya imishitsi yimbeho kumuzabibu mukuru. Gusenga 300mg / L mubyumweru 2 byambere byindabyo cyangwa 1000 ~ 2000mg / L muri igihe cyihuta cyo gukura kumashami ya kabiri kirashobora guteza imbere gutandukanya amababi mumashami yindabyo.
Ariko, nyuma yo gushira inzabibu, umurongo wa inflorescence ukunze kuba mugufi, ingano zimbuto ziranyeganyezwa, bikagira ingaruka kumyuka no kwanduza urumuri, kandi biroroshye kurwara. Niba uhujwe nubushyuhe buke bwa gibberellin, inflorescence axis irashobora kwagurwa muburyo bukwiye.
4) kunoza imihangayiko, kongera imikurire yikimera
gutera Sodium nitrophenolate inshuro 5000 ~ 6000 nyuma yo kuvuka kwimbuto nshya, hanyuma utere inshuro 2 ~ 3 kuva 20d mbere yo kumera kugeza mbere yindabyo, hanyuma utere inshuro 1 ~ 2 nyuma y ibisubizo.
Irashobora guteza imbere hypertrophyi yimbuto n'imbuto, gukoresha ubudahwema birashobora kuzamura neza no kugarura ubushobozi bwibiti, bikabuza ihungabana, kandi bigira ingaruka nziza zo kuzamura ibicuruzwa niburyohe.
gutera 10 ~ 15mg / L amazi inshuro 1 ~ 2 mugihe cyo kwagura imbuto, zishobora gutuma imbuto zikura vuba, ubunini bukaba bumwe, ibirimo isukari byiyongera, kandi birwanya guhangayika.
5) kwagura imbuto, kuzamura ubwiza, kongera umusaruro
Gibberellinikoreshwa mu kuvura imisemburo ikura muri granulocytes nyuma yo kurabyo, itera kwaguka no kwaguka kw ingirabuzimafatizo, mugihe ikangurira gutwara no kwegeranya intungamubiri kama ku mbuto zimbuto, byongera ibiri mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'inyama, bityo bikongera ingano z'imbuto. inshuro 1 kugeza kuri 2, bityo kuzamura cyane ibicuruzwa.
Nubwo gibberelline ifite ingaruka zo kongera ingano yimbuto, nayo igira ingaruka mbi zo gutuma urubuto rwimbuto rucika kandi byoroshye kugwa.
BA (6-carymethine)na streptomycine irashobora kongerwaho mugukoresha kugirango ikumirwe.Uburyo bwihariye bwo guhuza biterwa nubwoko nuburyo bwo gukoresha kandi bugomba kugenwa nikizamini.
Iyo ukoreshagibberellin kongera ingano yimbuto, igomba guhuzwa nubuhanga bwiza bwubuhinzi kugirango ibone ingaruka nziza.
Cytokinin + gibberellinnyuma yo kurabyo, kuri 10d na 20d, gutera hamwe na cytokinine ivanze na gibberellin inshuro imwe, bishobora gutuma imbuto zidafite imbaraga zikura zingana nubuto butavanze, kandi imbuto zishobora kwiyongera 50%.
6. Mukure hakiri kare
Yokohamani imbuto yeze imbuto, ni imiti isanzwe yo kurangi hakiri kare, ikoreshwa ryibihe hamwe nigihe gitandukana nubwoko butandukanye, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugihe cyambere cyimbuto zeze 100 kugeza 500mg / L, ubwoko bwamabara muri 5% kugeza 15 % yatangiye gusiga amabara, irashobora gukoreshwa iminsi 5 kugeza 12 mbere yo kwera.
Ibisubizo byerekanye ko igihe imbuto zatangiye kwera, zishobora kwera iminsi 6 kugeza 8 mbere na 250-300 mg / L yaethephon.
Hamwe nubushakashatsi buke bwa gibberellin, icyiciro cyera cyimbuto zinzabibu zirashobora gutera imbere cyane, n'imbuto zivuwe hamwegibberellinirashobora gushirwa kumasoko hafi ukwezi gushize, kandi inyungu zubukungu zizatera imbere cyane.
7. Kurandura imbuto
Gibberellinni bisanzwe byatewe nibikombe binini bya plastike umwe umwe.
Ubwinshi bwa rozew ivurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutera akabariro mbere yo kumera ni 100mg / L, kandi ibiyobyabwenge bikoreshwa kuri buri gice ni 0.5mL.
Nyuma yo kuvura anthesis, kwiyongera gukura kwari 1.5 mL kuri buri gice.
Uburyo bwa spike bwo gutera akabariro bwakoreshwaga mu kuvura mbere y’indabyo, naho gutera intoki byakoreshwaga mu gutera imiti nyuma yo kuvura indabyo.
Irinde iminsi iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 30 guhera 12h00 kumunsi wizuba cyangwa guhera saa tatu. izuba rirenze.
Ubushyuhe bugereranije ni 80%, kandi burashobora gukomeza 2d.
Ikirere cyumye, byoroshye kwangiza ibiyobyabwenge, kandi ingaruka zo kuvura ntabwo ari nziza muminsi yimvura.
Ugomba kwirinda ubu bwoko bwikirere mugihe ukorera mumurima.
Niba imvura yoroheje iguye nyuma ya 8h yo kuvurwa, ntishobora kongera kuvurwa, kandi niba imvura ikomeye, igomba kongera gukorwa.
1) Imizi ikura
KoreshaUmwami
| Imikorere | Umubare | Ikoreshwa | |
| Igiti cy'umwana | Fata imizi, uzamure igipimo cyo kubaho | Inshuro 500-700 | Shira ingemwe |
| Imikorere | Umubare | Ikoreshwa | |
| Ibiti bikuze | Imizi ikomeye, ongera imbaraga zingiti | 500g / 667㎡ | Kuhira imizi |
--Iyo gutera ingemwe, 8-10g zishonga mumazi ya 3-6L, shyira ingemwe muminota 5 cyangwa uringanize imizi kugeza utonyanga, hanyuma uhindurwe;
- nyuma yo guhindurwa, 8-10g yashonga mumazi 10-15L kugirango atere;
--ku biti byabantu bakuru, iki gicuruzwa gishobora gukoreshwa wenyine cyangwa kivanze nandi mafumbire, 500g / 667㎡ iyo. kuvomera umurima, inshuro 1-2 muri buri gihembwe.
2) Kubuza gukura kurasa
Mu ntangiriro yo gukura neza kumashami mashya, mbere yindabyo, gutera 100 ~ 500mg / L yimiti yamazi yagize ingaruka zikomeye zo kubuza imikurire mishya yinzabibu, kandi ubwiyongere rusange bwagabanutseho 1 / / 3 ~ 2 / 3 ugereranije no kugenzura. Twabibutsa ko ingaruka za spray kumashami yinzabibu yiyongereye hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi, ariko mugihe intumbero yari hejuru ya 1000mg / L, inkombe yamababi yahinduka icyatsi n'umuhondo;
Iyo kwibanda kurenze 3000mg / L, ibyangiritse byigihe kirekire ntabwo byoroshye gukira. Kubwibyo, birakenewe kugenzura ubunini bwinzabibu. Ingaruka yo kugenzura imikoreshereze yumuringa ntabwo ihuye nubwoko bwinzabibu, bityo rero birakenewe kumenya neza uburyo bwo kugenzura imiringa ikwiranye nubwoko bwaho hamwe nibidukikije.
Ubutaka bwa Dotrazole:
Mbere yo kumera, 6 ~ 10g ya 15% ya dotrazole yakoreshejwe kuri buri muzabibu (ibicuruzwa byiza byari 0.9 ~ 1.5g). Nyuma yo kuyikoresha, koresha ubutaka kugirango imiti igabanuke neza mubutaka bwa 375px. Uburebure bwa internode ntabwo bwabujijwe kuva ku gice 1 kugeza kuri 4 nyuma yo gusaba, kandi uburebure bwa internode bwabaye bugufi cyane nyuma yibice 4. Ugereranije nitsinda rishinzwe kugenzura, kurasa kwumwaka wa 6g byari 67%, 8g byari 60%, na 10g byari 52%.
Gutera amababi: Byakoreshejwe rimwe mu cyumweru nyuma yo kurabyo, hamwe nigipimo cyiza cya 1000-2000mg / L. Ubwiyongere bw'umwaka buri mwaka bwari hafi 60-2000px gusa, bingana na 60% by'ubugenzuzi, kandi imikurire y'indabyo mu mwaka wa kabiri yikubye inshuro 1,6-1,78 z'ubugenzuzi. Imiti ya Foliar igomba gukoreshwa mugihe cyambere cyo gukura gushya (muri rusange kumpera yindabyo), kandi bitinze kugirango ibuze imikurire mishya ntabwo bigaragara.
3) kuzamura igipimo cyo gushiraho imbuto
Igipimo cyo gushiraho imbuto kirashobora kwiyongera mugutera inshuro 10 ~ 15mg / L amazi 1 ~ 2 mugihe cyo gutangira kurabyo.Ku munsi wa 6 nyuma yo kumera, inzabibu zishobora guterwa 0.01mg / L brassinolide ~ 481 kunoza igipimo cyo gushiraho imbuto.
Kwibanda kwacytokininmu buhinzi bwa pariki ni 5mg / L ~ 10mg / L, naho kwibumbira hamwe guhinga kumurima ni 2mg / L ~ 5mg / L byatewe no kuvura imitoma, bishobora kwirinda indabyo kugwa, nagibberellinkuvura mubikorwa byo kubyara bikorwa nkuko bisanzwe.
Iyo amashami yari afite uburebure bwa 15 ~ 1000px, gutera 500mg / L ya Meizhoun bishobora guteza imbere gutandukanya imishitsi yimbeho kumuzabibu mukuru. Gusenga 300mg / L mubyumweru 2 byambere byindabyo cyangwa 1000 ~ 2000mg / L muri igihe cyihuta cyo gukura kumashami ya kabiri kirashobora guteza imbere gutandukanya amababi mumashami yindabyo.
Ariko, nyuma yo gushira inzabibu, umurongo wa inflorescence ukunze kuba mugufi, ingano zimbuto ziranyeganyezwa, bikagira ingaruka kumyuka no kwanduza urumuri, kandi biroroshye kurwara. Niba uhujwe nubushyuhe buke bwa gibberellin, inflorescence axis irashobora kwagurwa muburyo bukwiye.
4) kunoza imihangayiko, kongera imikurire yikimera
gutera Sodium nitrophenolate inshuro 5000 ~ 6000 nyuma yo kuvuka kwimbuto nshya, hanyuma utere inshuro 2 ~ 3 kuva 20d mbere yo kumera kugeza mbere yindabyo, hanyuma utere inshuro 1 ~ 2 nyuma y ibisubizo.
Irashobora guteza imbere hypertrophyi yimbuto n'imbuto, gukoresha ubudahwema birashobora kuzamura neza no kugarura ubushobozi bwibiti, bikabuza ihungabana, kandi bigira ingaruka nziza zo kuzamura ibicuruzwa niburyohe.
gutera 10 ~ 15mg / L amazi inshuro 1 ~ 2 mugihe cyo kwagura imbuto, zishobora gutuma imbuto zikura vuba, ubunini bukaba bumwe, ibirimo isukari byiyongera, kandi birwanya guhangayika.
5) kwagura imbuto, kuzamura ubwiza, kongera umusaruro
Gibberellinikoreshwa mu kuvura imisemburo ikura muri granulocytes nyuma yo kurabyo, itera kwaguka no kwaguka kw ingirabuzimafatizo, mugihe ikangurira gutwara no kwegeranya intungamubiri kama ku mbuto zimbuto, byongera ibiri mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'inyama, bityo bikongera ingano z'imbuto. inshuro 1 kugeza kuri 2, bityo kuzamura cyane ibicuruzwa.
Nubwo gibberelline ifite ingaruka zo kongera ingano yimbuto, nayo igira ingaruka mbi zo gutuma urubuto rwimbuto rucika kandi byoroshye kugwa.
BA (6-carymethine)na streptomycine irashobora kongerwaho mugukoresha kugirango ikumirwe.Uburyo bwihariye bwo guhuza biterwa nubwoko nuburyo bwo gukoresha kandi bugomba kugenwa nikizamini.
Iyo ukoreshagibberellin kongera ingano yimbuto, igomba guhuzwa nubuhanga bwiza bwubuhinzi kugirango ibone ingaruka nziza.
Cytokinin + gibberellinnyuma yo kurabyo, kuri 10d na 20d, gutera hamwe na cytokinine ivanze na gibberellin inshuro imwe, bishobora gutuma imbuto zidafite imbaraga zikura zingana nubuto butavanze, kandi imbuto zishobora kwiyongera 50%.
6. Mukure hakiri kare
Yokohamani imbuto yeze imbuto, ni imiti isanzwe yo kurangi hakiri kare, ikoreshwa ryibihe hamwe nigihe gitandukana nubwoko butandukanye, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugihe cyambere cyimbuto zeze 100 kugeza 500mg / L, ubwoko bwamabara muri 5% kugeza 15 % yatangiye gusiga amabara, irashobora gukoreshwa iminsi 5 kugeza 12 mbere yo kwera.
Ibisubizo byerekanye ko igihe imbuto zatangiye kwera, zishobora kwera iminsi 6 kugeza 8 mbere na 250-300 mg / L yaethephon.
Hamwe nubushakashatsi buke bwa gibberellin, icyiciro cyera cyimbuto zinzabibu zirashobora gutera imbere cyane, n'imbuto zivuwe hamwegibberellinirashobora gushirwa kumasoko hafi ukwezi gushize, kandi inyungu zubukungu zizatera imbere cyane.
7. Kurandura imbuto
Gibberellinni bisanzwe byatewe nibikombe binini bya plastike umwe umwe.
Ubwinshi bwa rozew ivurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutera akabariro mbere yo kumera ni 100mg / L, kandi ibiyobyabwenge bikoreshwa kuri buri gice ni 0.5mL.
Nyuma yo kuvura anthesis, kwiyongera gukura kwari 1.5 mL kuri buri gice.
Uburyo bwa spike bwo gutera akabariro bwakoreshwaga mu kuvura mbere y’indabyo, naho gutera intoki byakoreshwaga mu gutera imiti nyuma yo kuvura indabyo.
Irinde iminsi iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 30 guhera 12h00 kumunsi wizuba cyangwa guhera saa tatu. izuba rirenze.
Ubushyuhe bugereranije ni 80%, kandi burashobora gukomeza 2d.
Ikirere cyumye, byoroshye kwangiza ibiyobyabwenge, kandi ingaruka zo kuvura ntabwo ari nziza muminsi yimvura.
Ugomba kwirinda ubu bwoko bwikirere mugihe ukorera mumurima.
Niba imvura yoroheje iguye nyuma ya 8h yo kuvurwa, ntishobora kongera kuvurwa, kandi niba imvura ikomeye, igomba kongera gukorwa.
Inyandiko za vuba
Amakuru Yerekanwe
