Mhando uye Nzira dzeKuita kweVamwe Vamiririri veRuva neKuchengetedza Michero mumuriwo

(I) Plant Growth Regulators

1. Auxins

(2,4-D), 4-CPA. Aya maajenti anoshanda nekutevedzera endogenous chirimwa auxins, nekudaro kusimudzira sero elongation uye kupatsanura, inosimudzira metabolic chiitiko mukati meiyo ovary, uye inducing parthenocarpy (isina mbeu kuumbwa). 2,4-D inoratidza yakakwirira biological chiitiko uye inowanzoshandiswa kune solanaceous muriwo sematomatisi uye eggplant; zvisinei, kuiswa kwayo kwekushandiswa kunofanira kudzorwa zvakasimba (kazhinji 10-20 mg/L yematomatisi), sezvo kunyanya kuisa pfungwa kunogona kutungamirira nyore nyore kune zvibereko zvakashata. 4-CPA inopa kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro uye inokodzera kushandiswa pamhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemiriwo, kusanganisira matomatisi, magaka, uye mhiripiri, kazhinji pamitsetse inotangira pa25 kusvika 50 mg/L.

2. Gibberellins

Gibberellic Acid (GA3) inosimudzira kureba kwesero uye inotyora dormancy, nekudaro ichiwedzera zvakanyanya chiyero chekuisa michero. Mukurima mazambiringa, kushandisa GA3 (50 mg/L) panguva yekutumbuka kunogona kukurudzira kukura kweberry uye kuderedza stem lignification (kuoma kwedzinde remichero). Kune mastrawberries, kumwaya GA3 (5-10 mg/L) panguva yemaruva kunowedzera peduncle elongation uye inovandudza pollination kushanda zvakanaka.

3. Cytokinins

Mienzaniso inosanganisira 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) uye Forchlorfenuron (KT-30). Izvi zvinokurudzira kupatsanurwa kwesero, kunonoka senescence, uye kuwedzera huwandu hwesero mukati memuchero. Forchlorfenuron inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kumanwiwa nemavise, uko inokurudzira zvikuru kuwedzera kwemichero; zvisinei, kushandiswa kusina kunaka kunogona kuguma nyore nyore munzvimbo dzisina mhango kana kukanganisa mukati memuchero.


(II) Nutritional Elements

1. Boron Fertilizer

Boron inoita basa rakakosha mukuumbwa kwezvinhu zvepectin mukati memadziro esero rezvirimwa uye inosimudzira kumera kwepollen uye kurebesa kwechubhu. Kushaikwa kweBoron kunotungamira mukusakura zvakanaka kwenhengo dzemaruva uye kuderedza mukume mumuriwo, zvichizokonzera kudonha kwemaruva nemichero. Kupfapfaidza 0.1% -0.2% solution yeborax kana boric acid panguva yekutumbuka inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya michero-yekuseta miriwo sematomatisi, magaka, uye nyemba.

2. Calcium Fertilizer

Calcium inodzikamisa cell membrane zvimiro uye inowedzera kusimba kwemichero uye kusagadzikana kusagadzikana. Matambudziko emuviri — akadai sekuora kwemaruva mumatomatisi nemhiripiri — akabatana zvakanyanya nekushomeka kwecalcium. Foliar kushandiswa kwe 0.3% -0.5% calcium chloride kana calcium sugar alcohol solution panguva ye fruiting inogona kunyatsodzivirira zvirwere zvakadaro uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwesherufu yemuchero.

3. Phosphorus uye Potassium Fetereza

Phosphorus inobatanidzwa mukudyara simba metabolism uye inokurudzira kusiyanisa kwemaruva; potasium inokwidziridza chirimwa kuti isaomeseke uye inonatsa kushanda kwekutakura zvinhu zvephotosynthetic kumuchero. Kushandiswa kwefoliar kwe0.2% -0.3% monopotassium phosphate solution kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kutumbuka uye kuita michero yemiriwo.


(III) Biostimulants

1. Seaweed Extracts

Yakapfuma muzvinhu zvinoshanda senge polysaccharides, phenolic makomisheni, uye zvinomera kukura kwezvirimwa, izvi zvakatorwa zvinowedzera kushushikana kwechirimwa uye zvinosimudzira kusiyanisa kwemaruva uye kukura kwemichero. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kushandisa foliar fetireza ine alginic acid panguva yekutumbuka gaka kunogona kuwedzera mwero wekuseta michero ne15% -20%.

2. Humic Acids

Mishonga iyi inovandudza chimiro chevhu, inosimudzira kukura kwemidzi, uye inowedzera simba rechirimwa pakutora kudya kunovaka muviri. Pamusoro pezvo, humic acids inodzora kuenzana kwemahomoni echirimwa endogenous, nekudaro inovandudza kuchengetwa kwemaruva nemichero muzvirimwa zvemuriwo.